Effects of Lidocaine and Propofol on Production of Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and Nitric Oxide in Mice / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: The possibility that anesthesia may alter the course of an infection has been under consideration for more a century. Alterations have been found in every component of the immune response during anesthesia and surgery. In this work, we have investigated the effect of lidocaine and propofol on interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and nitric oxide (NO) production in mice. METHODS: The culture supernatants of splenocytes exposed with anesthetics and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or sera from mice injected with these agents were harvested to assay IL-2, IL-4, and NO. RESULTS: We detected that IL-2 productions of splenocytes culture supernatants and mice sera after exposure with lidocaine or propofol were decreased while IL-4 productions were increased. In addition, NO of mice sera was increased after lidocaine or propofol exposures. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that lidocaine and propofol interfere with IL-2, IL-4, and NO production. This may explain the clinically well-recognized disturbance of human immunity after surgery and anesthesia.

The coronary artery disease in diabetics and non-diabetics: A clinical and coronary angiographic comparison / 대한내과학회지

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is independent risk factor for the development and the extent of coronary artery disease, and increase the morbidity and the mortality of rdiovascular disease. But there is a debate concerning about the severity, distribution, length, number of coronary artery stenosis in diabetes. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical and coronary angiographic findings to access the prevalence and length of proximal, middle, distal coronary atherosclerotic lesions, and the relationship between coronary artery stenosis and coronary risk factors of coronany artery disease in 39 diabetics and 39 non-diabetics diagnosed at the Paik Hospital from January, 2002 to June, 2002. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients, gender ratio, smoking history, history of hypertension, family history of coronary artery disease were not different between diabetics and non-diabetics, and the level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-Cholesterol showed no significant difference between diabetics and non-diabetics. However, HDL-Cholesterol levels were significantly higher in diabetics (p50% narrowing) in the distal portion of left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery (p50% narrowing, >2cm in length) in the middle portion of left anterior descending artery, and distal portion of left circumflex artery (p<0.05). However, no significant differences exist in proximal and distal portion of left anterior descending artery, proximal and middle portion of left circumflex artery, and all portion of right coronary artery. Three vessel disease was more common in diabetics compared to non-diabetics (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Diabetes mellitus is one of risk factors affecting the severity, distribution, length, number of coronary artery stenosis.

Four Cases of Gastric Mucosal Tear after Blunt Abdominal Trauma / 대한소화기내시경학회지

The incidence of abdominal trauma has increased in recent decades as the frequency of traffic accidents increased. Early symptoms and signs of blunt abdominal trauma may be absent and associated injuries frequently detract physicians from early diagnosis of abdominal trauma. Delayed diagnosis has been shown to be associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Gastrointestinal tract is the third most commonly injured organ from blunt abdominal trauma. Gastric ruptures after blunt abdominal trauma were reported occasionally, but reports of upper gastrointestinal bleeding by gastric mucosal tear were very rare. Four cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastric mucosal tear after blunt abdominal trauma are herein reported with a review of related literatures.