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Background: The increasing number of smokers has an impact on increasing the number of deaths due to smoking-related illnesses. Teenagers are the easiest targets for cigarette marketing, including in the city of Yogyakarta, whose numbers continue to increase. The proper investigation needs to be carried out to determine the determinants that play a role in developing effective interventions to reduce the number of teenage smokers. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of smoking in adolescents in The City of Yogyakarta.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study with senior high school/vocational students’ samples. The sampling technique uses multistage random cluster sampling with Chi-Square analysis.Results: Researchers collected 481 respondents. Variables significantly associated with smoking behavior of senior high school/vocational high school students in Yogyakarta City are knowledge, attitude, self-confidence, family’s role, and peer’s role, while the unrelated variables are teacher’s role and information sources. The RP value of these variables is more than 1, which shows the seven variables are risk factors for adolescent smoking behavior.Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, self-confidence, the role of family, the role of peers and the smoking behavior of adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The role of the teacher and the source of information has no significant relationship with the smoking behavior of adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The intervention program for reducing and preventing smoking must pay attention to these variables as a determining factor.
RESUMEN
Background: The highest prevalence of surgical wound infections in NurHidayah Hospital occurred in 2014 which is at 2.80%. This was because nurses’ compliance in using PPE and hand washing was still low and the culture for reporting needle puncture events had not been implemented so that the number of nurses who were punctured was still unknown. Meanwhile, the lowest prevalence of surgical wound infections occurred in 2016 amounting to 0.76%, this happened because the compliance of nurses in using PPE was quite high and the incidence of needle puncture reached 0 (zero) but compliance in hand washing was still low.Methods: This study was a quantitative study with an observational analytic method with a cross sectional design. The variables in this study were knowledge, attitudes, working period, training and nurse compliance in the application of universal precaution with the number of respondents 46 nurses. The research instruments used were questionnaires and observation sheets. The data analysis was conducted using chi square test and fisher test.Results: Factor associated with the level of nurse compliance in universal university application was attitudes (0.000), while factors not related to the level of nurse compliance in the application of universal precaution include knowledge (0.124), years of service (0.657) and training (0.098).Conclusions: There is a relationship between attitudes and levels of nurse compliance in implementing universal precaution in NurHidayah Hospital. There is no relationship between knowledge, work and training with the level of nurse compliance in the application of universal precaution at NurHidayah Hospital.
RESUMEN
Background: Dating violence has long-lasting and also short effects that are serious and have negative impacts severity toward physical forms of violence, psychic, economic and sexual. This study aims to know the relationship between the teachers’ role, their peers and the mass media and dating violence in adolescents at SMK PIRI 1 Yogyakarta.Methods: The design of the study is analytical survey with cross-sectional design.The sample was students of class XI of SMK Piri 1 Yogyakarta with a total of 147 respondents.A questionnaire was used to determine the relationship between the role of the teacher, peers and mass media with dating violence. Univariate and bivariate analyzes were performed with chi square test.Results: There were two variables that show there was a relationship between peers (p=0.009), mass media (p=0.019) with dating violence and there was no relationship between teacher roles and dating violence (p=1.00), peer prevalence ratio values indicate (RP=0.682), mass media (RP=1,432) and the teacher's role (RP=0,977) and confidence interval 95% confidence level, that there are peers (CI=0,528-0,888), mass media (CI = 1,067-1,922) and the teacher's role (CI=0.745-1.228).Conclusions: There is a relationship between peers and mass media with dating violence, and there is no relationship between teachers’ role and dating violence in SMK 1 Piri Yogyakarta.