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Accreditation affirms provision of quality education, thus determines its graduate attributes. WFME, WHO and various bodies have been striving to ensure credibility of educational institutions through accreditation. NAAC is an Indian accrediting body providing framework for quality assurance to higher education institutions. Being an autonomous body under UGC, it sets a standard of excellence to which they are bound to adhere. This article provides details regarding an insight into NAAC, its vision, objectives, core values and the process of accreditation. The details regarding various criteria, components, allotment of weightage to each of them are detailed in the manuscript. The requirements and needs towards preparedness for this accreditation process are simplified to make the readers to understand easily thus providing a bird抯 eye view of entire process.
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Foreign bodies in External Auditory Canal (EAC) are common in both adults and children. Removal of foreign body requires skill but usually successfully performed in the ENT department. A 40 year old female patient presented with right ear discharge with decreased hearing. On examination, a pale, scanty, mucopurulent discharge, foul smelling with blood tinge, persisting even after medications. After aural toileting, tympanic membrane was perforated with granulation tissue in middle ear. Multiple broom sticks were found in the external auditory canal, mastoid antrum was removed via post auricular approach with excision of polyp with radical mastoid exploration. Removal of foreign body from EAC is an essential skill for ENT surgeon. Careful removal can prevent further trauma and complications. An aural polyp with ear discharge, never attempt to pull/avulsion.
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Background: The study of superficial palmar arch and its variations has been reported rarely. The purpose of the study is to provide assessment of anatomical variations in the formation of superficial palmar arch in hand. A classic superficial palmar arch is formed by direct communication between the superficial branch of the ulnar artery and superficial branch of radial artery. Materials and Methods: Twenty dissected upper limb specimens, out of which 16 males and 4 females aged between 18 – 75years were obtained from Department of Anatomy, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore. The vascular pattern of superficial palmar arch was recorded. Results and Discussion: The complete and incomplete formation of the superficial palmar arch was found in 19 and 1 hands respectively. This indicates that the incidences of complete and incomplete formation of superficial palmar arch are 95% and 5% respectively. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the incomplete formation of superficial palmar arch will lead to ischemia or poor nourishment of intrinsic muscles of the hand.
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Studies have provided strong evidence for the importance of primary or secondary inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. A growing number of studies report that inflammation plays a crucial role in the cell biology of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to know the relationship between hs-CRP and cardiac markers in acute myocardial infarction patients. This case control study was conducted at the department of Biochemistry and department of Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka. The study protocol was approved by Research Ethics Committee of JSS Medical College. A total 60 subjects were included in the study in the age group of 50-68 years. CK-MB, LDH, AST and hs-CRP were estimated. There was a statistically significant difference between the hs- CRP levels of two groups. Cardiac marker values were significantly higher in cases compared to controls. But there was no correlation between cardiac markers and hs-CRP levels in cases. The CRP measurement has a lot of advantages. Firstly it is a stable compound and secondly it can be measured at any time of the day without regards to biological clock. In contrast to results for cytokines such as IL-6, no circadian variation appears to exist for hsCRP. Thus, clinical testing for hsCRP can be accomplished without regard for time of day. In conclusion we would like to say that hs-CRP levels could be used as risk assessment, diagnostic and prognostic marker in myocardial infarction patients.
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Cerebral infarction after a viper bite is relatively uncommon. A combination of factors has been implicated in the pathophysiology of infarct following snakebite. In this case report, the clinical outcome after a posterior circulation infarct and various possibilities that could lead to such a catastrophic event are discussed. The present study stresses the need to keep hydration, blood pressure and central venous pressure optimal in all snakebite patients. Cerebral infarction should be considered a differential diagnosis, in any patient with neurological deterioration following snakebite. Prognosis of such patients with posterior circulation stroke remains poor and decompressive craniectomy has not been found to be helpful.(AU)