Influence of Hormonal Treatments on STEM Cuttings through Multiplication in Therapeutically Worthwhile Plant Tinospora cordifolia

India is a leader in the usage of the ancient ayurveda system and is blessed with a vast richness of medicinal herbs. Over 68 Ayurveda formulations contain the medicine Guduchi as one of its main constituents, and need for this medication has climbed from 3000 to 6000 MT with a 9.1% yearly increase. Unfortunately, uncontrolled harvesting is causing the natural populations to decline. There is plenty of room to expand the commercial production of these plants given the enormous increase in demand. For the purpose of creating a technique for rapid multiplication, propagation by stem cuttings was examined in the current experiment. For this species, the impact of various GA3 concentrations on stem cuttings during 30 DAP and 45 DAP was investigated using the randomized block design (RBD) with four replications. The 200 ppm GA3-treated stem cuttings of T. cordifolia (T1) showed considerable rooting (85.75%). The highest shoot lengths at 45 days after planting were measured for treatments T1 (average 106.15 cm). Maximum root numbers were measured for treatments T1 (6.25 cm) and treatment T1 had slightly longer roots (17.42 cm), but there were no statistical differences in mean values. Throughout the course of the experiment, T. cordifolia cuttings' average lowest and maximum growth rates ranged from 4.33 cm/day to 7.1 cm/day. The results of this study showed that the optimal propagation approach for T. cordifolia for commercial multiplication is influence of hormonal treatments on stem cuttings.

Spectrum of Histomorphological Prognostic Factors in Invasive Breast carcinoma-NST

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in females. This study was undertaken with the aims and objectives to look into the spectrum of various gross and microscopic histomorphological factors of invasive breast carcinoma. Material and methods: This is a retrospective study, only patients diagnosed with Invasive breast carcinoma-NST from 2007-2015 (8years) were included. MRM specimen’s gross and microscopic finding were collected and studied. Results: Total 257 cases were studied; maximum patients were in fifth decade, multiparous and from middle socio-economic status. Left sided carcinoma was seen in 59% cases and 41% were in UOQ. Nipple-areola was found normal in 63.2% cases and retracted in 37.6% patients. Similarly overlying skin was normal in 67.3% cases, dimpling and peau-d-orange was present in 11.3% and 9.5% respectively. ER/PR positive was found in 44.7% and negative in 49.8% while HER2 was found negative in 70.8% cases. Conclusion: in developing countries patients invariably presents with advance stages of breast carcinoma with dimpling, peau-d-orange of skin, nipple retraction and ulceration. In majority of patients tumour sizes is invariably more than 2 cm and already have positive axillary lymph nodes, tumour emboli and majority have negative ER/PR

A Retrospective Study of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) Urinary Tract Infections Treated with Fosfomycin and in vitro Susceptibility of 102 Isolates to Fosfomycin.

The treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases [ESBL] pathogens has become an increasingly difficult problem due to the limited antibiotics available for therapy. Although fosfomycin has been available for over 40 years, it has not been extensively studied or used in the United States despite being well recognized for its efficacy in the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis. In this study, 102 isolates of ESBL were collected from three hospitals in the southwestern United States and studied for susceptibility to fosfomycin (MIC <16 mm) and the clinical outcomes of 24 adult patients from age 18 years to 85 years of age with ESBL urinary tract infection were also evaluated. 95% of the 92 ESBL isolates studied were susceptible to fosfomycin. Klebsiella species was more likely than E. coli to be resistant to fosfomycin therapy. Despite the small number of patients in this study, the results are encouraging.

Idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia associated with neuroinvasive West Nile disease: case report and review of the literature

Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia is a very rare condition resulting in an immunodeficiency disorder that may or may not result in opportunistic infections. Since its description in the early 1990s, the reason for this immune deficiency has remained unclear. Its association with viral illnesses, such as West Nile virus infection, has yet to be described. We report a 26-year-old patient who presented with fever, ascending paralysis, and progressive weakness of the upper extremities. To our knowledge, this is the first case of neuroinvasive West Nile virus occurring in the context of a diagnosis of idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia.

Acute myopia and angle closure caused by topiramate, a drug used for prophylaxis of migraine.

Acute transient myopia with shallowing of the anterior chamber is a rare idiosyncratic response to many systemic and topical medications, including sulfonamides. Several such cases have been reported in the past, but are less frequently reported in recent times. We report a case of acute progressive myopia and bilateral angle closure due to Topiramate--a drug used for epilepsy and migraine prophylaxis.