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Background: Hysterectomy is the commonest gynaecological surgery which involves surgical removal of the uterus. Hysterectomy and microscopic evaluation of the samples are still the only ways of definite diagnosis. Early evaluation in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal women is essential to confirm the exact nature of the lesion and to rule out malignancy.Methods: After obtaining institutional Ethical Committee approval and written informed consent, hysterectomy specimens of 200 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were studied for histopathological examination during the period of June 2016 to June 2019 from tertiary care centre and hospital.Results: Mean age of cases was 22-80 years. The common significant pathological lesions were adenomyosis in 55(27.2%) cases, leiomyoma in 49(23.2%) cases, leiomyoma with adenomyosis in 22(9.3%) cases, CIN1 in 6 cases (3.0%), serous cystadenoma of ovary in 5(2.4%) cases, endometrial polyp in 5(2.4 %) cases, carcinoma of cervix in 4 (2.2%) cases, carcinoma of ovary in 3(2.4%) cases and carcinoma of endometrium in 1 (0.6%) cases. The correlation of HP findings of hysterectomy specimens with cervical biopsy findings was 79.4% and that with endometrial biopsy findings was 100%. The cervico-vaginal cytology (Pap smear) findings of 93.2 % cases were in agreement with HP findings of cervix in hysterectomy specimens.Conclusions: This study provides baseline data to follow the trend of the hysterectomy and put insight into the pattern of complaints .The final HP findings of the hysterectomy specimens correlates well with the preoperative clinical diagnosis, ultrasonography, cervical biopsy, endometrial biopsy, Pap smear and tumour marker level findings.
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Background: Appendicitis is among most common cause for acute abdominal pain requiring operative management. This study is to establish relationship between wall thickness of acute appendicitis and recurrent appendicitis with its pathological outcome.Methods: In this prospective study, 24 patients of acute appendicitis and 8 patients of recurrent appendicitis presenting as acute appendicitis were examined by High resolution Ultrasonography within 48 hrs of acute onset of symptoms following a detailed clinical examination. Alvarado scoring was done in all patients. Acute appendicitis and recurrent appendicitis were differentiated on the basis of clinical details and timeline of illness. Post operatively all specimens underwent gross and histopath examination and were divided into subgroups and tabulated as “early acute appendicitis”, “acute suppurative appendicitis” and “acute gangrenous Appendicitis”.Results: Wall thickness of acute appendicitis and recurrent appendicitis (presenting with acute onset of symptoms) were tabulated. Patients with wall thickness of <3mm had statistically significant higher prevalence of acute gangrenous appendicitis on pathological correlation. Patients with recurrent appendicitis had higher incidence of wall thickness <3mm, consequently increased incidence of acute gangrenous appendicitis. The value of z was 6.0715. The value of p is <0.00001. The result was significant at p <0.01 according to SPSS 16, which correlates well with findings.Conclusions: Wall thickness is an important indicator in the management of acute or recurrent appendicitis, wall thickness of <3mm or >3mm was decisive in patient management. Reduced wall thickness of appendix in patients with acute or recurrent appendicitis correlate with higher incidence of acute gangrenous appendicitis therefore are at higher risk of perforation and should be managed aggressively by surgical intervention to avoid complications.