Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay in Quality Control of Chinese Medicines： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In the quality control of Chinese medicine， the detection of active components and toxic and harmful components are two important links. Although conventional methods such as high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry can accurately quantify the above substances， they have shortcomings such as complicated operation， high costs， inability of detection at any time， difficult detection of insoluble and macromolecular substances. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） can adsorb antigens or antibodies on the surface of solid carriers and realize qualitative or quantitative analysis of targets by using the specific reactions of antigens and antibodies. This method is praised for the simple operation， high sensitivity， strong specificity， simple requirements for experimental equipment， a wide application range， and low costs. In recent years， ELISA has been widely used in the quality control of Chinese medicine， especially in the content determination of mycotoxins represented by aflatoxin and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of active components. ELISA plays an increasingly important role with its unique advantages， providing new methods and ideas for the rapid quality examination of large quantities of Chinese medicines. This paper reviews the research progress in ELISA for the quality control of Chinese medicine in recent years and prospects its technical development and application prospects， aiming to provide reference and research ideas for further using this method to ensure the quality， safety， and controllability of Chinese medicine.

Analysis of related factors associated with campus bullying among middle and high school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyse associated factors of campus bullying in schools, and to construct a nomogram model to predict the risk of campus bullying, so as to provide a theoretical basis for campus bullying prevention and control.@*Methods@#In September 2023, 89 117 middle and high school students were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method within 12 cities (103 counties) in Inner Mongolia, and were surveyed with self administered questionnaire. Among them, there were 62 381 participants in the training set and 26 736 participants in the testing set. Statistical analysis was conducted using χ 2 test and multiple Logistic regression, and a nomogram model was drawn for predicting campus bullying.@*Results@#The prevalence of campus bullying was 3.49%. Living in a suburban county, living in an unstable family, not the only child, having a father with a college degree or above, sometimes or never eating breakfast, being overweight or obese, living on campus, being scolded by parents in the past 30 days, smoking, Internet addiction, experiencing depression, anxiety symptoms, recreational soluble solvents use, cough medicine abuse, nonprescribed use of sedatives were all positively correlated with campus bullying ( OR =1.18, 1.40, 1.12, 1.33, 1.13, 1.72 , 1.12, 1.17, 1.82, 1.32, 1.83, 3.92, 2.40, 2.25, 1.51, 1.63, P <0.01).There were a negative correlation between high school students, female students, and the number of physical education classes per week (2-3, ≥4) with campus bullying ( OR =0.67, 0.58, 0.72, 0.83, P <0.01). The prediction model of campus bullying risk was established by nomogram model. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.82, and the calibration curve showed that the predicted value was close to the actual value.@*Conclusions@#Bullying among middle and high school students are related to family intimacy, poor daily behaviour and psychological factors. Targets of bullying intervention in schools should be identified, and preventive and control measures against bullying in secondary schools should be formulated, so as to reduce the occurrence of campus bullying.

Prognostic significance of MyD88L265P and CD79B mutations in primary central nervous system lymphoma / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between MyD88L265P and CD79B mutations in tumor tissue and the prognosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma(PCNSL).Methods 18 PCNSL patients with normal immune function(no history of HIV infection and immunosuppressants administration)who were diagnosed by craniotomy or stereotaxic biopsy in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from August 2018 to November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Real-time quantitative PCR and first-generation sequencing techniques were respectively used to detect MyD88L265P and CD79B mutations in tumor tissues of 18 PCNSL patients.Univariate analysis and Cox regression multivariate analysis were performed for indicators that may be associated with first progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival in PCNSL.Results The mutation rate of MyD88L265P was 38.9%,the mutation rate of CD79B was 33.3%,and the co-mutation rate of MyD88L265P/CD79B was 27.8%in PCNSL tissue of 18 patients.Univariate analysis showed that the PCNSL patients with multiple lesions,deep involvement of lesions,and tissue CD79B mutation had a statistically significant shorter time of PFS(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that deep lesion involvement(HR=0.135,95%CI 0.023-0.799,P<0.05)and CD79B mutation(HR=0.149,95%CI 0.028-0.800,P<0.05)in PCNSL tissue were independent prognostic factors for PCNSL patients.Conclusion The frequency of MyD88L265P and CD79B mutations was high in tumor tissues of 18 PCNSL patients,and these two gene mutations may be associated with poor prognosis of PCNSL,especially CD79B mutation.

The histological and thickness changes of attached gingiva following grafting with different soft tissue substitutes in the labial region of the cuspids in Beagles / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Subepithelial connective tissue grafts are generally considered as the gold standard for soft tissue augmentation.However,it needs a second surgical site,which will prolong the surgical time and increase patients'pain. OBJECTIVE:To compare the histological and thickness changes of attached gingiva following grafting with different soft tissue substitutes in the labial region of the cuspids. METHODS:In three Beagle dogs,attached gingival augmentation was performed with double-layer allogeneic acellular dermal matrix membrane(AADM),bovine-derived acellular dermal matrices(BADM)combined with concentrated growth factor membrane or BADM combined with collagen sponge.Thickness of attached gingiva was measured before augmentation,and 1,2,3,and 4 months after augmentation.Histological analyses were performed after 4 months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mean values of attached gingival thickness and attached gingival thickness augmentation were higher in the double-layer AADM group than in the other two groups(all P<0.05)from the 1st to 4th month after surgery.At 1 month after surgery,the attached gingival thickness of the three groups increased significantly and then decreased.At 3 months after surgery,the BADM combined with collagen sponge group and the BADM combined with concentrated growth factor membrane group showed no significant difference in the attached gingival thickness of the graft area compared with that before surgery(P>0.05).At 4 months after surgery,the mean value of attached gingival thickness in the double-layer AADM group was still significantly increased compared with that before surgery(P<0.05).The value of attached gingival thickness was highest in the double-layer AADM group,followed by the BADM combined with collagen sponge group,and the lowest in the BADM combined with concentrated growth factor membrane group at 1-4 months after surgery.Histological analyses revealed that AADM was well integrated with the host gingival tissue,and new fibrous connective tissue and fibroblasts grew into the AADM.But the grafts in the other two groups were absorbed and the augmentation area was remodeled into a structure consistent with the surrounding host tissue.To conclude,AADM is superior to BADM combined with concentrated growth factor and BADM combined with collagen sponge with regard to gingival augmentation.

Extracellular matrix stiffness induces CCL5 synthesis to enhance immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the mechanism of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) modulation by extracellular matrix stiffness in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to determine the effect of CCL5 on the immunotherapy response of NSCLC. 【Methods】 The correlation between extracellular matrix stiffness and CCL5 expression in NSCLC was analyzed with the TCGA database. Polyacrylamide hydrogels with different stiffness were designed according to the extracellular matrix stiffness of NSCLC, and H1299 cells responding to the mechanical loading of hydrogel matrix stiffness were subjected to transcriptome sequencing. High matrix stiffness was verified to promote the expression of CCL5 by using sequence. 【Results】 High extracellular matrix stiffness upregulated CCL5 expression, and interferon-γ mediated signaling pathway might be involved in the process. NSCLC patients with high CCL5 expression had a greater abundance of cytotoxic T-cells in tumor tissue and reacted favorably to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 treatment. 【Conclusion】 Increased extracellular matrix stiffness promotes CCL5 synthesis, and CCL5 enhances immunotherapy responsiveness in NSCLC by increasing cytotoxic T cell infiltration in tumor tissue.

Meta-analysis about ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphism on the efficacy of bisoprolol / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphisms on the efficacy of bisoprolol， thus providing some information for individualized drug therapy. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， CBM， CNKI， and Wanfang Data to retrieve and find out all relevant literature about bisoprolol and ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphism from the inception to May 2023. The retrieved literature was screened and selected according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria， thereafter quality assessment was conducted. RevMan 5.4 software was utilized to perform the meta- analysis for the outcome index. RESULTS Overall 7 literature with 1 339 cases were included. Among them， 4 studies provided the changes in systolic blood pressure （SBP）， diastolic blood pressure （DBP） （ΔSBP and ΔDBP）； 4 involving the change （ΔLVEF） of left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）. Results of the study showed that there was no statistical significance in the improvement of blood pressure between wild-type group （AA） and mutation group （AG+GG） of ADRB1 Arg389Gly treated with bisoprolol {ΔSBP [SMD＝0.17，95%CI （－0.97，1.31）， P＝0.77]， ΔDBP [SMD＝－0.01，95%CI （－0.65，0.62）， P＝0.97]}； there was no statistical significance in the improvement of ΔLVEF [SMD＝－0.61， 95%CI （－2.74，1.53）， P＝0.58] between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS ADRB1 Arg389Gly gene polymorphism has no significant influence on the improvement of SBP， DBP， and LVEF in cardiovascular patients who use bisoprolol.

Network meta-analysis of triple therapy for the prevention and treatment of acute nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic chemotherapy drugs with moderate and high risk / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of the triple therapy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists， neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists and dexamethasone （referred to as “triple therapy”） in the prevention and treatment of acute nausea and vomiting caused by moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI and Wanfang data， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about triple therapy or 5-HT3 receptor antagonist combined with dexamethasone （referred to as “dual therapy”） were collected during the inception to May 2023. After literature screening， data extraction and literature evaluation， network meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS A total of 59 RCTs were included， involving 23 418 patients and 15 interventions. Results of network meta-analysis showed that fosaprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone （FPD） was most effective in terms of acute nausea and vomiting control rate， followed by fosaprepitant + granisetron + dexamethasone （FGD） and aprepitant + ramosetron + dexamethasone （AMD）. In terms of acute nausea control rate， FPD was the most effective， followed by aprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone （APD） and FGD. In terms of acute vomiting control rate， FPD was the most effective， followed by FGD and APD. CONCLUSIONS Fosaprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone is better than other triple therapy or dual therapy in preventing acute nausea and vomiting caused by moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs.

Progress on Prevention and Treatment of Cerebral Small Vascular Disease Using Integrative Medicine / 中国结合医学杂志

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a senile brain lesion caused by the abnormal structure and function of arterioles, venules and capillaries in the aging brain. The etiology of CSVD is complex, and disease is often asymptomatic in its early stages. However, as CSVD develops, brain disorders may occur, such as stroke, cognitive dysfunction, dyskinesia and mood disorders, and heart, kidney, eye and systemic disorders. As the population continues to age, the burden of CSVD is increasing. Moreover, there is an urgent need for better screening methods and diagnostic markers for CSVD, in addition to preventive and asymptomatic- and mild-stage treatments. Integrative medicine (IM), which combines the holistic concepts and syndrome differentiations of Chinese medicine with modern medical perspectives, has unique advantages for the prevention and treatment of CSVD. In this review, we summarize the biological markers, ultrasound and imaging features, disease-related genes and risk factors relevant to CSVD diagnosis and screening. Furthermore, we discuss IM-based CSVD prevention and treatment strategies to stimulate further research in this field.

Analysis of influenza surveillance results in Jingzhou， Hubei Province from 2016 to 2021 / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Jingzhou from 2016 to 2021， so as to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of influenza prevention and control policies in this region， and effectively protect people's health. MethodsData of influenza-like illness （ILI） and pathogen surveillance in Jingzhou during 2016‒2021 were collected and statistically analyzed. ResultsA total of 46 272 ILI cases were reported from two hospitals in Jingzhou City from 2016 to 2021. The difference in the constituent ratio of ILI was statistically significant among different age groups （P<0.05）. A total of 12 812 specimens were collected from two hospitals for influenza surveillance. A total of 1 513 cases were RNA positive，and the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid detection was 11.81％. The RNA positive specimens were mainly B （Victoria）， accounting for 39.33％. There were statistically significant differences in the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acids and different types of influenza virus nucleic acids among different years （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe influenza epidemic in Jingzhou peaks in winter and spring， and the new A （H1），A （H3）， B （Victoria） and B （Yamagata） types alternate and mixed epidemics dominate.

Application of CT pulmonary angiography in acute pulmonary embolism and right heart function / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo explore the application value of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in assessing the severity of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) and right heart function in rehabilitation patients. MethodsFrom January, 2013 to January, 2020, 133 inpatients (94 positive and 39 negative) who underwent CTPA examination in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were involved. Positive patients were further divided into mild, moderate and severe groups based on the pulmonary artery obstruction index (PAOI). The clinical parameters and right heart function indicators were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between PAOI, and clinical parameters and right heart function indicators, and Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the risk factors of APE. ResultsThere was significant difference in lower extremity venous thrombosis, D-dimer, oxygen partial pressure, PAOI and left process of interventricular septum among four groups (H ≥ 12.350, P < 0.01). PAOI was moderately positively correlated with D-dimer (r = 0.443, P < 0.001) and left process of interventricular septum (r = 0.520, P < 0.001), and was weakly positively correlated with lower extremity venous thrombosis (r = 0.399, P < 0.001), left pulmonary artery diameter (r = 0.213, P = 0.014) and inferior vena cava regurgitation (r = 0.229, P = 0.008). Lower extremity venous thrombosis (OR = 7.708, P < 0.001) and left process of interventricular septum (OR = 3.641, P = 0.008) were independent risk factors for the onset of APE. The combination of the two indicators was effective for diagnosis of APE, and AUC was 0.795 (95% CI 0.715 to 0.874). ConclusionCTPA may be applied to evaluate the severity of APE and right heart function in rehabilitation patients.

Research progresses on interventions of obesity in children and adolescents / 中华预防医学杂志

Childhood and adolescent obesity has become a global epidemic. The interventions mainly include lifestyle intervention, medication treatment and bariatric surgery. Among them, lifestyle intervention, especially intensive lifestyle intervention with participation of family members, is the first-line treatment for obesity in children and adolescents. Both medication and bariatric surgery are adjuvant treatments for severely obese children and adolescents. Currently, metformin is the most widely used drug for the treatment of obesity in children and adolescents in both China and other countries; orlistat and liraglutide are also the drugs that are safe and often used in other countries; other drugs are not recommended. As a tertiary prevention and treatment strategy for obesity, bariatric surgery should be carried out on the basis of good compliance from both the children and their family members, with the cooperation of multiple disciplines. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are the most common types of procedure performed. Meanwhile, as a new treatment method, intra-gastric balloon procedure needs to be paid more attention to its efficacy and safety.

Application and problems analysis of traditional Chinese medicine volatile oil preparation technology based on ionic liquids / 中国中药杂志

Ionic liquids(ILs) are salts composed entirely of anions and cations in a liquid state at or near room temperature, which have a variety of good physicochemical properties such as low volatility and high stability. This paper mainly reviewed the research overview of ILs in the application of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) volatile oil preparation technology. Firstly, it briefly introduced the application of TCM volatile oil preparation technology and composition classification and physicochemical properties of ILs, and then summarized the application of ILs in the extraction, separation, analysis, and preparation of TCM volatile oil. Finally, the problems and challenges of ILs in the application of TCM volatile oil were explained, and the application of ILs in TCM volatile oil in the future was prospected.

Conversion of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) into nanomedicine:application of theory of unification of medicines and excipients / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, the use of active substances as excipients or as substitutes for other excipients in the design of modern drug delivery systems has received widespread attention, which has promoted the development of the theory of unification of medicines and excipients in the design of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) preparations. Adopting the theory of unification of medicines and excipients to design drug delivery systems can reduce the use of excipients and thus the cost of preparations, reduce drug toxicity, increase drug solubility and biocompatibility, enhance synergistic effect, and realize targeted delivery and simultaneous delivery of multiple components. However, the research on the application of this theory in the modern drug delivery system of TCM preparations is still insufficient, with few relevant articles. In addition, the TCM active substances that can be used as the excipients remain to be catalogued. In this paper, we review the types and applications of the drug delivery systems with TCM active substances as excipients and describe their common construction methods and mechanisms, aiming to provide references for the in-depth research on the modern drug delivery systems for TCM preparations.

Abnormal spinal curvature and its influencing factors among middle and high school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the incidence of abnormal spinal curvature and related factors among middle school students in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide evidence for abnormal spinal curvature prevention and treatment.@*Methods@#By using a random stratified cluster sampling method, 87 908 students of middle and high school students from all 12 counties(districts) were investigated via questionnaires for abnormal spinal curvature and health influencing factors in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Chi square test was used to perform demographic characteristics and univariate analysis, and binary multivariate Logistic regression model was used to screen the risk factors for spinal curvature abnormalities in middle school students.@*Results@#A total of 3 131(3.56%) students with spinal curvature abnormalities were detected, with boys (3.69%) higher than that of girls(3.44%), urban areas (6.15%) higher than that of the suburban counties (2.50%), and high school students ( 4.97 %) higher than that of junior high school(2.73%) students( χ 2=4.01, 702.19, 299.36, P <0.05). The detectable rate of spinal curvature abnormalities increased with grade ( χ 2 trend =309.29, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that factors influencing abnormal spinal curvature included myopia, overweight, obesity, the frequency of classroom seating arrangements, time spent on homework/reading after school every day, time spent in daytime outdoor activities, self imposed requirements for posture of sitting and standing, phase of studying, gender, and area ( OR =0.53-2.55, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Abnormal spinal curvature is strongly correlated to nutritional status, myopia, sitting posture when reading and writing, sedentary time, and time spent in outdoor activities. The collaboration of multiple departments is required to establish anenvironment to protect the spine, early detection and early intervention.

A summary of the best evidence for manual rehabilitation therapy in patients with breast cancer related lymphedema / 中华护理杂志

Objective To extract and summarize the best evidence of manual rehabilitation therapy in patients with breast cancer related lymphedema.It aims to provide evidence-based basis for clinical nursing staff interven-tion.Methods According to the"6S evidence resource pyramid model",we systematically retrieved from UpTo-Date,BMJ best clinical practice,JBI evidence-based medicine center database of Joanna Briggs Institute in Australi-a,Embase,Cochrane Library,Pubmed,GIN,New Zealand Guidelines collaboration group,SIGN,American Cancer So-ciety,American Association for Physical Therapy,American Society for Lymphatic,American Lymphedema Website,Ontario Association of Registered Nurses of Canada,Yimaitong,CNKI,VIP,CBM,WanFang,CHINAL,Web of Science and OVID databases from establishment of database to January 2023.It mainly includes guidelines,consensuses,evi-dence summaries,clinical decision-making,systematic evaluation and primitive research.There were 2 researchers who independently evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted evidence.Results A total of 19 pieces of the literature were involved,including 4 guidelines,4 consensuses,3 system reviews,1 recommended practice,2 clinical decision-making,1 summary of evidence,4 primitive research.Finally,26 pieces of best evidence are summarized from the 5 aspects of indications,contraindications,treatment points,treatment effects and precautions of manual re-habilitation.Conclusion This study summarized the evidence of manual rehabilitation therapy in breast cancer re-lated lymphedema.It can provide practical basis for clinical nursing staff.In clinical practice,it is important to strictly evaluate whether patients have contraindications to treatment,to follow the recommended treatment plan and monitor complications during treatment.

Luteolin regulates M1 macrophage polarization by inhibiting glycolytic pathway induced by HIF-1 / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of luteolin on M1 macrophages polarization through HIF-1α-mediated glycolytic pathway. Methods RAW264.7 cells were divided into control groups(M0)and LPS+IFN-γ groups(M1). M1 groups were further divided into luteolin group, 2-DG(glycolysis inhibitor)group, luteolin+2-DG group,luteolin+DMOG(HIF-1α agonist)group. The protein expression levels of iNOS, Arg-1 and HIF-1α were detected by Western blot. Macrophage phenotype was detected by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. The gene expression levels of GLUT1, HK2, PFK1, PK and HIF-1α were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. Results Compared with M1 groups, luteolin and luteolin+2-DG treatment groups decreased the expression levels of GLUT1, HK2, PFK1, PK and HIF-1α related to glycolysis. In addition, luteolin and luteolin+2-DG treatment group significantly inhibited the expression of M1 macrophage markers such as iNOS, CD86 and IL-6, whereas up-regulated M2 macrophage markers Arg-1, CD206 and IL-10. Notably, the inhibitory effects of luteolin on M1 macrophages were restored by DMOG. Conclusion Luteolin regulates M1 macrophage polarization by inhibiting the glycolytic pathway induced by HIF-1α.

Mechanisms of Euphorbia fischeriana steud. alcohol extracts intreatment of HCC based on network pharmacology and experiment verification / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the molecular mechanisms of alcohol extracts of Euphorbia fischeriana steud. against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through a combination of network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation. Methods The active ingredients and targets of alcohol extracts of Euphorbia fischeriana steud. were determined through TCMSP, Swiss ADME, Swiss Target Prediction database and references. The databases DisGeNET and GeneCards were employed to screen potential HCC-related genes. Venny platform, STRING platform and Cytoscape software were applied to construct active ingredient-target-disease and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network maps. Gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID database. To assess the effects of Euphorbia fischeriana steud. alcohol extracts on BEL-7402 cells, the proliferation and apoptosis were detected by CCK-8, EdU and flow cytometry assays, and the related protein levels of JAK2/STAT3 pathway were analyzed by Western blot. Additionally, H22 hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model was used to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of Euphorbia fischeriana steud. alcohol extracts. Results A total of 916 HCC targeted genes, 30 active ingredients containing the related 567 potential targeted genes, and 115 intersection targets of disease and compounds were obtained. KEGG enrichment analysis identified JAK2/STAT3 signaling as a critical pathway. In vitro experiments showed the alcohol extracts of Euphorbia fischeriana steud. could inhibit proliferation, promote apoptosis and suppress JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner in BEL-7402 cells. In addition, the alcohol extracts of Euphorbia fischeriana steud., either alone or in combination with sorafenib, dramatically blocked tumor growth in in vivo tests. Conclusions Euphorbia fischeriana steud. alcohol extracts have anti-cancer effects in HCC, and the molecular mechanisms may be connected to the regulation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Model Construction and Empirical Analysis of Comprehensive Evaluation Index of Economic Operation in Public Hos-pitals / 中国卫生经济

Objective:In order to cope with the rising risk pressure on the economic operation of public hospitals,it aims to re-search and construct a comprehensive economic operation evaluation index,and improve the comprehensiveness,scientific and dynamic nature of monitoring and analysis of the economic operation of public hospitals.Methods:Literature research,expert consultation and hierarchical analysis were adopted.Results:A comprehensive evaluation model of public hospitals'economic operation covering 5 dimensions and 25 indexes,including structural optimization,controllable risk,efficiency enhancement,smooth operation and sustain-able development,has been constructed;empirical analyses of the overall index,sub-indexes and monthly indexes have been carried out on the data of some of the tertiary hospitals in Shanghai,which have verified the validity of the above index model in enhancing the monitoring,analysis and evaluation of the hospitals'economic operation,and revealed the role of the above index model in the changes of the economic conditions of the hospitals and the factors.Conclusion:Constructing a comprehensive evaluation index can effectively complement management such as comprehensive assessment and evaluation of public hospitals and traditional financial descriptive analysis.

How can collaborative governance improve the participation rate of Huimin Insurance:A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis based on 50 cases / 中国卫生政策研究

This study takes 50 municipal level Huimin Insurance products launched in 2022 as the study object.Based on the theory of collaborative governance,a collaborative system framework of"Collaborative subject-Collaborative object-Collaborative environment"is constructed,extracting six variables:economic development level,residents'insurance awareness,government support level,internet platform participation,product price level,and product benefit level.Through the Qualitative Comparative Analysis(QCA)method,this paper empirically analyzes the influencing factors and configuration paths of Huimin Insurance participation rate,in order to explore the critical path for Huimin Insurance to achieve high participation rate and sustainable development.We find that government support is a necessary condition for a high participation rate.Finally,through conditional configuration analysis,it can be found that there are three paths:Government support-Product driven,Government support-Environment driven,and Comprehensive linkage-Collaborative system that can improve the participation rate of Huimin Insurance.Our findings can provide countermeasures and suggestions for improving the participation rate of Huimin Insurance.

Co-occurrence trend and association study of Internet addiction and depressive symptoms among students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of Internet addiction and depression of students, and to analyze the co-occurrence and trend, so as to provide a theoretical basis for prevention and controlling measures of Internet addiction and depression.@*Methods@#A total of 6 317,7 152,81 808,71 180 and 89 932 students aged 10 to 24 years from 12 leagues (103 banners) in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected by stratified random cluster sampling in September each year from 2017 to 2021. The Internet Addiction Scale and the Central for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was used to measure Internet addiction and depression. And the annual inspection rate, group difference and annual change trend in students were calculated. Multivariate linear regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to estimate the linear and non linear associations between Internet addiction and depression in students.@*Results@#The Internet addiction proportion in students gradually decreased from 4.1% in 2017 to 2.1% in 2020, but increased to 3.9% in 2021. And the depressive symptoms proportion increased from 20.9% in 2017 to 28.0% in 2020 and 27.0% in 2021. The detection rate of Internet addiction and depression comorbidities remained at 1.8% to 2.5 %. The Internet addiction proportion in boys was higher than that in girls( χ 2=42.82， P <0.05). The depressive symptoms prevalence in girls was higher than that in boys( χ 2= 553.90， P <0.05). Taking reversal in prevalence of Internet addiction in urban and rural areas was observed in 2019. The detection rates of depressive symptoms and comorbidity were higher in urban areas than these in suburban counties on the whole, and the difference showed a trend of decreasing or even equalizing year by year. Internet addiction was positively correlated with depressive symptoms score ( B=1.67, 95%CI =1.64-1.71), the proportion of depressive symptoms ( OR=1.39, 95%CI =1.38-1.41) and the proportion of major depressive symptoms ( OR=1.35, 95%CI =1.33-1.36) among students in 2021 ( P <0.05). An N-shaped curve was found in the significant nonlinear associations between internet addiction and depression across sex, region and school stage.@*Conclusion@#Internet addiction and depression in students show significant linear and non-linear associations, which are consistent in different sexes, regions and school stages. Therefore, relevant measures should be made and implemented in each region, especially in suburb areas, so as to prevent the increasingly development of adolescents and children s Internet addiction and depression.