Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Tripterygium wilfordii Multiglycoside in Mouse Models of Psoriasis Keratinocytes / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the role of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglycoside (TGW) in the treatment of psoriatic dermatitis from a cellular immunological perspective.@*METHODS@#Mouse models of psoriatic dermatitis were established by imiquimod (IMQ). Twelve male BALB/c mice were assigned to IMQ or IMQ+TGW groups according to a random number table. Histopathological changes in vivo were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Ratios of immune cells and cytokines in mice, as well as PAM212 cell proliferation in vitro were assessed by flow cytometry. Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression was determined using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.@*RESULTS@#TGW significantly ameliorated the severity of IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse skin lesions and restrained the activation of CD45+ cells, neutrophils and T lymphocytes (all P<0.01). Moreover, TGW significantly attenuated keratinocytes (KCs) proliferation and downregulated the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor α, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Furthermore, it reduced the number of γ δ T17 cells in skin lesion of mice and draining lymph nodes (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#TGW improved psoriasis-like inflammation by inhibiting KCs proliferation, as well as the associated immune cells and cytokine expression. It inhibited IL-17 secretion from γ δ T cells, which improved the immune-inflammatory microenvironment of psoriasis.

Establishment and genotype identification of hepatic stellate cell-specific Grk2 gene knockout mouse model / 中国药理学通报

Aim To establish a stable hepatic stellate cell ( HSC ) -specific G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 ( GRK2 ) knockout mice and provide the important animal model for further studying the biological function of GRK2 in HSC. Methods The loxP-labeled Grk2 gene mouse (Grk2

Provincial distribution differences and influencing factors of self-assessed health among elderly population in China / 环境与职业医学

Background Regional differences in economic development, natural environment, health care level, and social structure may lead to differences in the provincial distribution of the health status of the elderly population. Objective To explore the provincial distribution characteristics, regional differences, and influencing factors of the self-assessed health of the elderly population, with the aim of providing a policy basis for improving the health of the elderly population and promoting healthy aging according to local conditions. Methods Using 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China as the basicstudy unit and based on the method of Wagstaff, the self-rated health data of the elderly population (aged 60 years and above) in each province from the 2010 and 2020 national censuses and the 2015 1% National Population Sample Survey were converted into ill-health scores as a measure of self-assessed health, and higher scores represented worse health status perception. Global Moran's I was used to evaluate spatial autocorrelation, range [−1, 1], with a value of 1 as a perfect clustered pattern. Local Moran's I was used to evaluate the tendency of local autocorrelation, and high-high aggregation/low-low aggregation indicated that both target province and its neighboring provinces showed higher/lower ill-health scores. Spatial econometric models were selected by Lagrange multiplier test and Hausman test to explore influencing factors of the self-assessed health of the elderly population. Results In 2010, 2015, and 2020, the national ill-health scores of the elderly population were 1.831, 1.873, and 1.547, respectively, and the corresponding Global Moran's I statistics were 0.347, 0.482, and 0.511, respectively (P<0.01), indicating that the ill-health scores of the elderly population showed a significant spatial positive autocorrelation, and the degree of spatial aggregation was increasing gradually. From 2010 to 2020, the high-high aggregation of ill-health scores among the elderly population was concentrated in the inland northwest, while the low-low aggregation was concentrated in the southeast coast, gradually showing a "southeast-central-northwest" stepped incremental pattern of differentiation. The Lagrange multiplier test and Hausman test suggested that the fixed-effects spatial lagged model was a better choice, and the regression model showed a spatial autocorrelation in the ill-health scores of the elderly population, with an autocorrelation coefficient of 0.3969 (P<0.001); the ill-health scores of the elderly population were negatively correlated with the natural logarithms of gross regional product per capita, and the number of beds in health care facilities per 1000 population, with regression coefficients of −0.8297 and −0.0454 (P<0.05) respectively, and positively correlated with the annual average concentration of PM2.5, illiteracy rate, and the number of health technicians per 1000 population, with regression coefficients of 0.0033, 0.0297, and 0.0765 (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion From 2010 to 2020, the overall self-assessed health level of China's elderly population showed an upward trend and a spatial positive autocorrelation, with better self-assessed health in the southeast coast and poorer ratings in the northwestern inland. Additionally, there was a gradual decline in self-assessed health of the elderly population from the southeast to the central regions and further to the northwest in terms of spatial distribution. Economic development level, environmental pollution, health resource allocation, and education level are important factors influencing the self-assessed health of the elderly population.

Role of activation of VGLUT2 neurons in vagal nodose ganglion in dexmedetomidine-caused bradycardia in mice / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the role of activation of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) neurons in vagal nodose ganglion in dexmedetomidine-caused bradycardia in mice.Methods:Ninety-six SPF healthy male VGLUT2-cre mice, aged 10 weeks, weighing 20-25 g, were divided into 6 groups ( n=16 each) by the random number table method: normal saline control group (NS group), dexmedetomidine group (Dex group), viral control + chemogenetic control + dexmedetomidine group (eGFP-NS+ Dex group), viral transfection + chemogenetic control + dexmedetomidine group (hM4Di-NS+ Dex group), viral control + chemogenetic inhibition + dexmedetomidine group (eGFP-CNO+ Dex group) and viral transfection + chemogenetic inhibition + dexmedetomidine group (hM4Di-CNO+ Dex group). Dexmedetomidine 100 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in Dex group. The equal volume of normal saline was intraperitoneally injected in NS group. AAV2/9-hSyn-DIO-hM4Di-eGFP was injected in the right nodose ganglion in hM4Di-NS+ Dex group and hM4Di-CNO+ Dex group, and AAV2/9-hSyn-DIO-eGFP was injected in the right nodose ganglion in eGFP-NS+ Dex group and eGFP-CNO+ Dex group, allowing the virus expression for 21 days. On the 22nd day after virus injection, clozapine-n-oxide (CNO) 5 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in hM4Di-CNO+ Dex group and eGFP-CNO+ Dex group, the equal volume of normal saline was intraperitoneally injected in hM4Di-NS+ Dex group and eGFP-NS+ Dex group, 1 h later the efficacy of CNO reached the peak, and then dexmedetomidine 100 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected. The respiratory rate, heart rate, SpO 2 and discharge frequency of the right vagal nodose ganglion were synchronously measured by multi-channel electrophysiology in vivo. The expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) and VGLUT2 and co-expression of pERK and VGLUT2 in the right vagal nodose ganglion were detected by immunofluorescence assay. Results:Compared with NS group, the percentage of heart rate variation and neuron firing frequency after administration were significantly increased, and pERK expression was up-regulated in the other five groups ( P<0.05). Compared with Dex group, the percentage of heart rate variation and neuron firing frequency after administration were significantly decreased, and pERK expression was down-regulated in hM4Di-CNO+ Dex group, and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in hM4Di-NS+ Dex group, eGFP-NS+ Dex group and eGFP-CNO+ Dex group ( P>0.05). Compared with hM4Di-CNO+ Dex group, the percentage of heart rate variation and neuron firing frequency after administration were significantly increased, and pERK expression was up-regulated in eGFP-CNO+ Dex group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of respiratory variation and SpO 2 among the six groups ( P>0.05). The expression of VGLUT2-positive neurons was abundant in nodose ganglia, and the co-expression rate of pERK and VGLUT2 was nearly 90%. The co-expression rate of pERK and VGLUT2 decreased to about 30% after inhibition of VGLUT2 neurons in ganglion. Conclusions:The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine causes bradycardia is associated with activation of VGLUT2 neurons in vagal nodose ganglia in mice.

An acute kidney injury risk prediction model for elderly patients with sepsis based on the intensive care medicine information database-Ⅳ / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To explore the risk factors of acute kidney injury(stage 3)developed within 48 hours in elderly patients with sepsis, and to use them to develop a risk prediction model and then evaluate and externally validate the model.Methods:Clinical data of all elderly patients(age≥ 60 years)with sepsis in the intensive care medicine information database(MIMIC-Ⅳ v1.0)were extracted.Independent risk factors were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.A risk prediction model was constructed, a nomogram was drawn, and the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)and the Hosmer-Lemeshow(H-L)test were used to evaluate the model's prediction accuracy and R-squared.Clinical data of elderly patients(age≥ 60 years)with sepsis admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second People's Hospital of Hefei from May 2019 to October 2021 were retrospectively collected and fed into the prediction model to conduct external validation.Results:A total of 1 977 elderly patients with sepsis were screened out from the MIMIC-IV database and included in the training set, of whom, 544 developed AKI-stage 3 within 48 hours.Univariate analysis was performed for factors that might be associated with acute kidney injury in elderly patients with sepsis.Compared with the normal group that did not progress to AKI stage 3, there were statistically significant differences in 28 indicators, such as the duration of ICU stay, intravenous fluid intake in 24 hours, and use of vasoactive drugs[5(3, 9)d vs.7(4, 12)d; 2.05(1.17, 3.27)ml·kg -1·h -1vs.2.37(1.47, 4.10)ml·kg -1·h -1; 761(53.11%) vs.375(68.93%), P<0.001]. Based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, a prediction model was finally constructed with 9 variables: albumin( OR=0.983, 95% CI: 0.966-0.999, P=0.040), aspartate transaminase( OR=1.000, 95% CI: 1.000-1.000, P<0.001), APTT( OR=1.005, 95% CI: 1.001-1.009, P=0.028), total bilirubin( OR=1.003, 95% CI: 1.001-1.004, P=0.001), serum creatinine( OR=1.005, 95% CI: 1.004~1.007, P<0.001), Charlson score( OR=1.117, 95% CI: 1.061-1.177, P<0.001), intravenous fluid intake in 24 hours( OR=1.101, 95% CI: 1.034-1.173, P=0.003), weight( OR=1.023, 95% CI: 1.018-1.029, P<0.001), and mechanical ventilation( OR=2.412, 95% CI: 1.843-3.157, P<0.001). Then a nomogram was generated.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)of the prediction model was 0.755(95% CI: 0.731-0.780), and the H-L test was conducted( χ2=10.89, P=0.208>0.05), indicating a good fit.Data from 102 elderly patients were included in the validation set, with 27 cases that had developed AKI-stage3 within 48 hours, and were fed into the prediction model, with an AUC of 0.778(95% CI: 0.676-0.880)and χ2=3.72 and P=0.882>0.05 from the H-L test, consistent with the results of the training set. Conclusions:The model has some predictive value for acute kidney injury in elderly patients with sepsis.

Analysis of LMP specific T cell immune response and clinical factors in stage III-IVa nasopharyngeal carcinoma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To explore the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent infection membrane protein (LMP) 1 or LMP2 specific T cell immune response and clinical significance in stage III-IVa nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), aiming to provide ideas and evidence for immunotherapy in NPC.Methods:Fifty-nine NPC patients admitted to the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from February 2018 to October 2020 for primary treatment were collected. Peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) were stimulated by LMP antigen. Intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry were applied to study the expression levels of IL-2, IL-13, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from CD4 + T and CD8 + T cells, and then analyzed in conjunction with clinical factors. Results:The positive rates of total PBMCs to LMP1 and LMP2 in NPC patients were different. The positive rate of LMP1 specific CD4 + T cells was statistically higher in stage T 3-T 4 NPC than that in stage T 1-T 2 (51.0% vs. 10.0%, P=0.042). There were also differences in the expression of cytokines between LMP1 and LMP2, CD4 +T cells and CD8 +T cells. Survival analysis showed the 2-year and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 91.5% and 88.2%, and the 2-year and 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 83.3% and 75.3%. Univariate analysis suggested that smoking history, male and LMP1 stimulated IL-13 positive expression in CD4 + T cells affected the disease progression ( P=0.026, 0.045 and 0.006); multivariate analysis showed LMP1 stimulated IL-13 positive expression in CD4 + T cells and smoking history were the independent prognostic factors affecting PFS ( P=0.017, 0.019). Conclusions:LMP1 and LMP2 generate specific T-cell immune response in PBMCs of NPC patients, with differential expression in two T-cell subsets. LMP1 and LMP2 specific T cell immune response is associated with primary tumor size and metastatic lymph node volume. LMP1 stimulated IL-13 positive expression in CD4 + T cells and smoking history affects the disease progression.

Relationship between arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide and prognosis of neurological function after cardiopulmonary resuscitation / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the relationship between arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide and neurological outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Methods:The clinical data of 116 patients who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation admitted to the Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Department of the Second People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2018 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the average arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide within 24 hours after admission, patients were divided into normal (35 mmHg ≤ PaCO 2 ≤ 55 mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa, n = 44), hypercapnia (PaCO 2 > 55 mmHg, n = 51), and hypocapnia (PaCO 2 < 35 mmHg, n = 21) groups. ICU stay, in-hospital mortality, and neurological outcome at discharge were compared among groups. A logistic regression analysis model was established. The relationship between PaCO 2 and neurological outcome was determined. Results:There were no significant differences in age, sex, cardiac arrest time, acute physiological and chronic health evaluation II score at admission, 1-hour mean arterial pressure, location of cardiac arrest, and initial heart rhythm among the three groups (all P > 0.05). ICU stay in the normal group [(7.23 ± 2.55) days] was significantly higher than that in the hypercapnia [(12.21 ± 4.12) days] and hypocapnia [(11.78 ± 4.72) days] groups ( t = 6.48, 4.59, both P < 0.01). In-hospital mortality in the normal group was 38.6% (17/44), which was significantly lower than 60.8% (31/51) in the hypercapnia group and 66.7% (14/21) in the hypocapnia group ( χ2 = 4.63, 4.47, both P < 0.05). The good neurological outcome rate in the normal group was 55.6% (15/44), which was significantly higher than 25.0% (5/51) in the hypercapnia group and 28.6% (2/21) in the hypocapnia group ( χ2 = 8.38, 5.14, both P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cardiac arrest time, 1-hour mean arterial pressure, acute physiological and chronic health evaluation II score, and PaCO 2 are important factors for neurological outcomes of resuscitated patients at discharge (all P < 0.01). Conclusion:Within 24 hours after cardiopulmonary resuscitation, maintaining a normal PaCO 2 level can help improve the neurological outcome of patients at discharge.

Exploration and practice of the blended teaching model based on BOPPPS classroom reconstruction in Diagnostic Radiology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the blended teaching model for diagnostic radiology based on BOPPPS classroom reconstruction, i.e., bridge-in, objective, pre-assessment, participatory-learning, post-assessment, and summary.Methods:The undergraduate students in the classes of 2017 and 2018 in Department of Medical Imaging were selected as research subjects. The students in the class of 2018 were established as observation group and received the innovative blended teaching model based on BOPPPS classroom reconstruction, and those in the class of 2017 were established as control group and received teaching with traditional theoretical lectures. At the end of the course, 80 students were randomly selected from the observation group and the control group for performance analysis and teaching evaluation. SPSS 26.0 was used to perform the t-test. Results:The observation group had a total score of (82.66±6.18), while the control group had a total score of (76.47±5.42), and compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly higher scores of homework score, course discussion, and final examination ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly higher scores of "understanding of the basic knowledge of imaging", "improvement of comprehensive diagnostic thinking ability", "stimulating the interest in learning and expanding horizons", and "cultivating clinical competence" in the self-evaluation survey ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The blended teaching model based on BOPPPS classroom reconstruction is suitable for the teaching of radiology diagnostics. It not only enriches teaching means and methods and enhances classroom participation and interaction, but also expands teaching space and teaching content.

Application of vacuum sealing drainage technique in high-risk incision of bone and soft tissue tumors / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and application value of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in high-risk incision after bone and soft tissue tumor surgery.Methods:From January 2020 to September 2022, 22 patients with high-risk incisions after bone and soft tissue tumor resection in Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University were treated with VSD. The postoperative negative pressure was set at 0.025 MPa (188 mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), and the VSD device was removed on the 7th day after operation. After removal, the wound healing and the incidence of related complications were observed.Results:After removing the VSD, 20 patients with high-risk incisions reached the standard of grade A healing, the rate of grade A healing was 90.91%, and 2 patients had incision wound necrosis, and the incision healed were improved after dressing change. The patients were followed up for 6 - 12 months, with an average time of 10 months. The wound healing of all patients reached the standard of grade A healing, and no long-term complications occurred.Conclusions:VSD technique has good clinical effect and can be applied to various high-risk incisions after bone and soft tissue tumor surgery, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of incision complications.

Disease spectrum analysis of 1 520 cases with lysosomal storage disorders / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To analyze the disease spectrum of lysosomal storage disorders(LSDs) and explore the prevalent distributions of different LSD types in one center in Shanghai.Methods:A retrospective analysis was made.A total of 5 476 suspected LSD patients, including 3 415 males and 2 061 females, with a median age of 4 years(1 day to 72 years), were collected from Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from August 2008 to May 2022.The activity of different lysosomal enzymes was detected by fluorescent and biochemical methods.Results:A total of 1 520 patients were diagnosed with LSDs, including 972 males and 548 females, with a median age of 4 years(1 day to 59 years), involving 19 different subtypes.Mucopolysaccharidosis(MPS) was the most common type among LSDs, with a frequency of 45.46%(691/1 520), followed by sphingolipidoses [33.88%(515/1 520)] and glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ [16.05%(244/1 520)] successively.MPS Ⅱ was the most common type in MPS, with a frequency of 45.73%(316/691), followed by MPS ⅣA [22.87%(158/691)]. Niemann-Pick A/B, Gaucher, and Krabbe diseases were common in Sphingolipidoses patients, with frequencies of 37.09%(191/515), 34.37%(177/515), and 10.29%(53/515), respectively.Conclusions:LSDs are common genetic metabolic diseases, especially MPS and sphingolipidoses.Newborn screening for LSDs should be carried out timely so that the patients can be treated early and their prognosis can be improved.

Thoughts of syndrome differentiation and treatment of precancerous lesions of chronic atrophic gastritis based on the theory on hidden pathogen / 国际中医中药杂志

Precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC) is a pathological change accompanied by intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia on the basis of chronic atrophic gastritis. It is also an important stage of "inflammation-cancer transformation" on gastric mucosa. Paying attention to the intervention of PLGC has important value and significance for the secondary prevention of gastric cancer. PLGC has the characteristics of occult onset, toxin damaging collaterals, and long course of disease, which is highly consistent to the pathogenesis characteristics of incubative pathogenic factors. Based on the relevance of incubative pathogenic factors and PLGC, treatment of PLGC from the perspective of incubative pathogenic factors should be mainly strengthening the spleen and stomach, and combined with the methods of regulating qi and dissipating dampness, and removing blood stasis and detoxification. It should also pay attention to the prognosis.Paying attention to the body-mind treatment can reduce the re-occurrence , so as to provide a new way of thinking for treating PLGC from incubative pathogenic factors.

Analysis of the molecular mechanism of Indigo Naturalis in the treatment of ulcerative colitis based on GEO Chip and network pharmacology / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:The mechanism of Indigo Naturalis in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) was predicted by GEO chip combined with network pharmacology, and preliminarily verified by molecular docking. Methods:The main active components and targets of Indigo Naturalis were obtained by searching TCMSP, SymMap database, SwissTargetPrediction and Pharmmapper. The UC disease targets were obtained from DrugBank database, OMIM database, TTD database, Disgenet database and GEO gene chips. Venn diagram was used to show drug-disease common targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of intersection targets was analyzed by String platform, and Cytoscape 3.8.2 software was used to construct the PPI network of components and disease targets. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed on the core targets. AutoDock Vina 1.2.1 was used for molecular docking, and the results were visualized by Discovery studio Visualizer. Results:A total of 10 active components and 184 compound targets of IN-UC, of which 42 were core targets, were enriched and analyzed by GO and KEGG. The therapeutic effect of Indigo Naturalis on UC may involve activation of various process, such as reactive oxygen species metabolism, heme binding, protein phosphatase binding, secretory granule exocytosis, cytoplasmic vesicles, cell focal adhesion and cell substrate connection, and regulates PI3K/Akt signal pathway, human cytomegalovirus infection signal pathway, EB virus infection signal pathway HF1 signaling pathway and insulin resistance signaling pathway to treat UC. Conlusion:Indigo Naturalis has the characteristics of multi-component, multi target and multi pathway in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Through PTGS2, CAT and other core targets, it can regulate PI3K/Akt signal pathway, human giant cell signal pathway, HIF-1 signal pathway to play a therapeutic role.

Association Between Daily Executive Function and Core Symptoms， Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Symptoms in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo explore the association between daily executive function and core symptoms， the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） in children with autism spectrum disorder （ASD）， and the moderating effect of theory of mind and other cognitive abilities on this association. MethodsChildren aged 6-12 years with ASD were recruited， and 86 children were identified according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Wechsler Intelligence Test for Children， Fourth Edition （WISC-Ⅳ）， Strange Story Test （SST） and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function （BRIEF） were used to evaluate children's cognitive ability. Swanson Nolan and Pelham-Version Ⅳ Scale （SNAP-Ⅳ）， Social Responsiveness Scale （SRS）， and Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revise （RBS-R） were used to assess the severity of ADHD symptoms， social impairment， and repetitive stereotyped behavior. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between daily executive function and ADHD symptoms， social impairment， repetitive stereotyped behaviors. ResultsAfter controlling for the score of strange stories， verbal comprehension index （VCI） and other factors， the full scale score and each index of BRIEF were positively correlated with full scale score of SNAP （b = 0.619-0.741， b’ = 0.637-0.755）， SRS （b = 0.928-1.200， b’ = 0.417-0.513） and RBS-R （b = 0.326-0.525， b’ = 0.339-0.520） in children with ASD （P< 0.05）， and the SNAP total score was more strongly correlated with the full scale BRIEF score and each index score （b’ = 0.637-0.755，P< 0.01）. In addition to daily executive function， strange stories score （b = -2.218- -1.839） and age （b = 3.181-4.037） were also the important factors affecting the social function of children with ASD （P< 0.01）. There were no moderating effects of strange stories score and age on the association between BRIEF score and full scale score of SNAP， SRS， and RBS-R（P> 0.05）. ConclusionThe deficits of daily executive function in school-aged ASD children are significantly associated with core symptoms and ADHD symptoms， and the association is independent of other cognitive domains， such as theory of mind and verbal comprehension intelligence quotient.

Discrepancy between behavioral-indicated and perceived candidacy for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in Chengdu, China / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the discrepancy between behavioral-indicated candidacy and perceived candidacy (behavioral-perceived gap) and its associated factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men (MSM), so as to identify the focus population of PrEP interventions and to design and implement targeted interventions.@*METHODS@#We recruited a sample of 622 HIV-negative MSM who were regular clients of a community-based organization located in Chengdu, China, from November to December 2021. A cross-sectional questionnaire was used to collect the participants' information on social demographics, PrEP-related knowledge and cognitions, and risk behaviors. In this study, behaviorally eligible for PrEP was defined as performing at least one type of high-risk behavior in the past six months, including inconsistent condom use, sex with an HIV-positive partner, confirmed sexual transmitted infections (STI) diagnosis, substance use, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) experience. Logistic regression models were fitted, and multivariate analyses were adjusted for social demographics.@*RESULTS@#Among the 622 eligible participants, 52.6% (327/622) were classified as behaviorally eligible for PrEP. Only 37.9% (124/327) of the participants perceived themselves as appropriate candidates for PrEP and 62.1% (203/207) had discrepancy between behavioral-indicated and perceived candidacy. 85.9% (281/327) had heard of PrEP, and 14.2% (40/281) accessed PrEP information through health care providers. Of the 327 participants eligible for behavior-indicated PrEP use, about half (47.1%) knew how to obtain PrEP medication and 33.0% had a professional PrEP counseling experience. The majority (93.3%) had no or few friends using PrEP. 54.1% scored eight or above in PrEP knowledge level. 66.7% reported having two or more sexual partners in the past six months. After adjusting for age and recruitment channel, we found six factors that were associated with perceived candidacy for PrEP, including PEP use [adjusted odds ratio (ORA)=2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-3.63], PrEP availability (ORA=1.69; 95%CI: 1.06-2.68), a greater number of PrEP-using friends (ORA=4.92; 95%CI: 1.77-13.65), PrEP know-ledge (ORA=2.21; 95%CI: 1.38-3.56), multiple sexual partnership (ORA=1.77; 95%CI: 1.07-2.94), and perceiving a higher risk of HIV infection (ORA=4.02; 95%CI: 1.73-9.32). Substance use during sex and PrEP information channel were not statistically associated with this beha-vioral-perceived gap.@*CONCLUSION@#We observed a high discrepancy between behavioral-indicated and perceived candidacy for PrEP among Chengdu MSM in China. Future PrEP implementation efforts should be made in skills training in assessing HIV infection risk, increasing PrEP knowledge, providing professional PrEP counselling, and fostering PrEP support environment.

Effect of acupotomy on the fat infiltration degree of lumbar multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupotomy on the fat infiltration degree of lumbar multifidus muscle (LMM) in patients with lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED).@*METHODS@#A total of 104 patients with lumbar disc herniation treated with PTED were randomly divided into an observation group (52 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (52 cases, 4 cases dropped off). Patients of both groups received rehabilitation training of two weeks 48 h after PTED treatment. The observation group was treated with acupotomy (L3-L5 Jiaji [EX-B 2]) once within 24 h after PTED. In the two groups, the fat infiltration cross sectional area (CSA) of LMM was compared before and 6 months after PTED, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) score were observed before and 1, 6 months after PTED. The correlation between fat infiltration CSA of LMM in each segment and VAS score was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Six months after PTED, the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in L4/L5 and the total L3-S1 segments of the observation group was lower than that before PTED (P<0.05), and the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in L4/L5 of the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.01). One month after PTED, the ODI and VAS scores of the two groups were lower than those before PTED (P<0.01), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). Six months after PTED, the ODI and VAS scores of the two groups were lower than those before PTED and 1 month after PTED (P<0.01), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in the total L3-S1 segments and VAS scores in the two groups before PTED (r = 0.64, P<0.01). Six months after PTED, there was no correlation between the fat infiltration CSA of LMM in each segment and VAS scores in the two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupotomy can improve the fat infiltration degree of LMM, pain symptoms and activities of daily living in patients with lumbar disc herniation after PTED.

Progress in research of quantification of biological age / 中华流行病学杂志

Biological age has been proved to be better than chronological age to measure the real difference of aging among individuals, but no consensus has been reached in the quantification of biological age in the field of aging research. In this paper, we summarize some commonly used quantification methods of biological age and discuss the its future development.

Association between response to repeated negative HIV testing and risk sexual behaviors in men who have sex with men in Chengdu / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the association between the response to repeated negative HIV testing and the risk sexual behaviors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Chengdu. Methods: A total of 610 MSM were recruited by convenience sampling method through Chengdu Tongle Health Consultation Service Centre from March to May 2022. Data were collected from the MSM through questionnaire survey, including the demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors in the past 6 months, the response to rerpeated negative HIV testing. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the association between the response to repeated negative HIV testing and risk sexual behavior. Results: A total of 579 (94.9%) participants participated in the questionnaire survey and 354 (61.1%) subjects were included in the study.For the negative HIV testing, some MSM believed that they had taken effective protection measures (17.03±2.20), some believed that they were lucky (7.50±1.87) and some believed that they were at low risk (8.87±3.62). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that protected sexual behavior was negatively associated with group sex (aOR=0.80, 95%CI: 0.67-0.95), lucky was positively associated with casual sex (aOR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.06-1.35), inconsistent condom use (aOR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.06-1.37), group sex (aOR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.00-1.60), and multiple sexual partners (aOR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.09-1.42) and low risk perception was positively associated with multiple sexual partners only (aOR=1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.15). Conclusions: There were high levels of recognition of protected sexual behavior and lucky dimensions in response to repeated negative HIV testing and well risk perception in MSM in Chengdu. In HIV testing and counseling services, intervention and risk warning should be strengthened in MSM who believed that they are lucky to improve their awareness of safe sex and reduce the negative effects of fluke mind.

Molecular genetic characteristics of a family which coinheritance of rare-88 C>G (HBB:c.-138 C>G) β-thalassemia mutation with α-thalassemia and review of the literature / 中华预防医学杂志

The molecular genetic characteristics of a family with rare -88 C>G (HBB: c.-138 C>G) β-thalassemia gene mutation were studied using cohort study. The cohort study was conducted from June to August 2022 by Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Sanya Women and Children's Hospital Managed by Shanghai Children's Medical Center. The phenotype and genotype were analyzed by hematological cytoanalyzer, automatic electrophoretic analysis system, and next-generation sequencing (NGS). And then, Sanger sequencing was used to verify the rare gene results. The results showed that the proband, her father, her uncle and her younger male cousin had discrete microcytosis (MCV 70.1 fl, 71.9 fl, 73.1 fl and 76.6 fl, respectively) and hypochromia (MCH 21.5 pg,22.0 pg,22.6 pg and 23.5 pg, respectively), elevated hemoglobin A2 level (5.3%, 5.4%, 5.4% and 5.5%, respectively), slightly elevated or normal fetal hemoglobin (Hb F), but no anemia. The proband was identified to have co-inherited ɑ-thalassemia (Hb Westmead gene heterozygous mutation, ɑwsɑ/ɑɑ) and β-thalassemia with a rare -88 C>G (HBB: c.-138 C>G) heterozygous mutation (β-88 C>G/βN). Her mother had the same α-thalassemia as the proband. Her father, her uncle and her younger male cousin had the same rare -88 C>G heterozygous mutations as the proband. While her grandmother and younger brother were not carrier of thalassemia. In conclusion, 4 cases of rare -88 C>G(HBB:c.-138 C>G) heterozygous mutation had been detected in a Chinese family. Carriers of this beta-thalassemia are clinically asymptomatic. This study enriches the knowledge of the thalassemia mutation spectrum in Chinese people and provides valuable information for genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis, and prevention of thalassemia, providing a scientific basis for improving the quality of birth population and preventing birth defects.

Intervention of physcion-8-O-β-D-monoglucoside on acute liver injury induced by CCl 4 in mice by regulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in the treatment of physicion-8-O-β-D-monoglu-coside(PMG) on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetracloride(CCl 4) in mice . Methods Mice were randomly assigned into control group, model group, PMG low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups and Bifendate groups. After the continuous intervention with PMG for three days, CCl 4oil solution was intraperitoneally injected to establish acute liver injury mouse models, and samples were collected sixteen hours later. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue. Hoechst 33342 staining was used to detect the number of apoptotic hepatocytes. Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of caspase-3, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, p-Akt, IκB, p-IκB total protein and the nuclear protein NF-κB p65 in mouse liver tissue. The proportion of Th17 cells in mouse liver tissue was detected by FACS. Results After three days of PMG treatment, the pathological injury of liver tissue was relieved, the apoptosis of liver cells and the protein levels of caspase-3(P<0.01) were induced compared with model group.PMG could significantly decrease the nuclear expression of NF-κB p65 in the liver of mice with acute liver injury(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT and IκB significantly decreased by PMG(P<0.05 or P <0.01). Otherwise, the proportion of Th17 cells in liver tissue was significantly reduced after PMG treatment(P<0.01). Conclusion PMG can alleviate CCl4 - induced acute liver injury through PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Development of a Serum-Free Culture Method for Endothelial Cells of the Stria Vascularis and Their Pro-Inflammatory Secretome Changes Induced by Oxidative Stress

Objectives@#. Reactive oxygen species in the stria vascularis (SV) of the cochlea may be involved in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss. However, the effects of oxidative stress on SV endothelial cells (SV-ECs) remain largely unknown, and no feasible in vitro cell culture model exists for the functional study of SV-ECs. @*Methods@#. We isolated primary SV-ECs from the SV of neonatal mice. The apoptosis-reducing effects of fibronectin in SV-ECs cultured with serum-free medium were determined using β-galactosidase staining and flow cytometry. SV-ECs incubated in serum-free medium were treated with various H2O2 concentrations to evaluate the effects of H2O2 on their viability. The secretome of SV-ECs treated with or without H2O2 (100 μM or 500 μM) was analyzed using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The function of the SV-EC secretome was evaluated by a macrophage assay. @*Results@#. We successfully isolated and characterized the SV-ECs. Treatment with H2O2 at concentrations up to 500 μM for 2 hours and further incubation with serum-free medium in plates precoated with fibronectin showed no significant effect on apoptosis. Compared to the control SV-ECs, the amount of differential proteins in the secretome of SV-ECs stimulated with 500 μM H2O2 was much higher than in those treated with 100 μM H2O2. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analyses suggested that the proteins differentially expressed in SV-ECs treated with 500 μM H2O2 were involved in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways and cellular processes. The secretome of H2O2-stimulated SV-ECs exhibited significant pro-inflammatory effects on macrophages. @*Conclusion@#. We successfully established an in vitro serum-free culture method, identified the differential proteins released by oxidative stress-induced ECs and their functions, and revealed the pro-inflammatory effects of the secretome of H2O2-stimulated SV-ECs. Therefore, SV-ECs might elicit immunoregulatory effects on bystander cells in the microenvironment of oxidative stress-induced cochlea, especially cochlear macrophages.