Mechanisms of self-control on health behavior change / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Self-control brings important effects on the process and maintenance of health behavior change in individuals, but its mechanism is unclear.Healthy behavior change could be divided into goal-oriented behavior initiation stage, combating habit rejection stage, and habit acquisition and maintenance stage.Established theories of health behavior change mainly focus on the conflict between the goal-directed behavior initiation phase and habitual behavior.It is also indicated that disgust is the key mechanism to restrain the implementation of goal-oriented behavior, but ignore the mechanisms in the action implementation and new behavior acquisition phases.In fact, goal-directed and habitual behaviors work together to ensure that individuals adapt efficiently to their environment.However, when goal-oriented behavior becomes habitual, old habit and new goal-oriented behavior begin to compete, causing conflicts and aversion.The core phase of self-control functioning is just in the confrontation with habit rejection phase.On the one hand, self-control directly assists individual goal-directed behavior habituation through conflict sense adaptation.On the other hand, intensive management and stimulus control indirectly assist goal-directed behavior habituation through the relief of conflict sense.Further exploration of the theory and clinical practice of self-control affecting healthy behavior change is needed in the future.

Association of temperament type and mother's emotional state with acute respiratory infection in children / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the correlation of temperament type and mother's emotional state with acute respiratory tract infections in children so as to provide evidence for comprehensive treatment of the infections.@*METHODS@#A total of 200 children aged between 3 and 6 were enrolled in this study from two kindergartens of Guangzhou and Hengyang. The mothers were invited to complete a questionnaire of the children's general information followed by assessment using children's temperament scale and the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale.@*RESULTS@#The total incidence of acute respiratory infection was significantly higher in children with a hard- to-raise temperament than the easy- to-raise children (P < 0.05); the incidences of acute rhinitis, acute pharyngitis, acute laryngitis and acute bronchitis were all significantly higher in the hard-to-raise children (P < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was identified between the total number of episodes of acute respiratory tract infection in children and their mothers' stress and anxiety levels (P < 0.01). Acute rhinitis and acute tracheitis in the children were both positively correlated with the mothers' stress scores (P < 0.05), while acute pharyngitis and acute laryngitis were positively correlated with the mothers' anxiety scores (P < 0.05), while acute bronchitis was positively correlated with the mothers' stress and anxiety scores (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis with the factors influencing the types of acute respiratory tract infections in children as the independent variables suggested that the easy-to-raise type of temperament was a protective factor against acute rhinitis in children (P < 0.05), while mothers' anxiety was a risk factor of acute laryngitis in children (P < 0.05); the mothers' stress was a risk factor for acute bronchitis in children (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acute respiratory tract infection in children is closely related to the temperament type of the children and the emotional state of the mothers, which are important therapeutic targets in comprehensive interventions of acute respiratory tract infection in children.

Preparation of active thiol metabolite of clopidogrel by isolated rat liver perfusion / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To estab lish the pre paration method of clopidogrel active thiol metabolite （CATM），and to provide reference for the synthesis of cis-CATM. METHODS CATM was prepared ，separated and purified with isolated rat liver perfusion and ChromCore 120 C18 preparative column ，using（S）-2-oxo-clopidogrel as substrate. The target compounds were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The retention time of the active configuration of CATM in the human body （cis-CATM）were compared to confirm the proportion of active configuration in the target product. RESULTS The conversion rate of the target product was 11.71％. The target products were identified as CATM by MS and 1H-NMR. Peak 2-peak 5 of CATM were four stereoisomers. The retention time of them were 21.3，22.3，26.5，27.3 min. The peak area ratios of them were 7.13％，7.23％，63.52％，14.97％，respectively. Based on that retention time of the active configuration of CATM in human body was 26.3 min，the active cis-stereoisomer in the target product CATM accounted for 63.52％. CONCLUSIONS This method is low-cost ，simple，and can prepare CATM with higher active configuration.

Risk factors for clopidogrel resistance / 国际脑血管病杂志

Clopidogrel is the most commonly used antiplatelet agent for acute coronary syndrome, ischemic stroke, and before and after percutaneous coronary intervention, and endovascular treatment of large vessel occlusive stroke, but there are individual differences in antiplatelet effect, that is, clopidogrel resistance (CR). CR is usually attributed to the decrease of the concentration of sulfhydryl metabolites in plasma, and there are many factors that cause the decrease of the concentration of sulfhydryl metabolites. This article reviews the research progress of CR-related risk factors, so that clinicians can assess the risk of CR and adopt individualized antiplatelet therapy to improve the clinical outcome of patients.

Research update on emotion ability development of hearing impaired children / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Emotion ability has substantial influence on individuals survival and development as well as mental health. Emotion ability development disorder has become a prominent performance of hearing impaired children, which has attracted the attention of researchers at home and abroad. From the four aspects of emotion recognition, emotion understanding, emotion expression and emotion regulation, this paper sorts out and comments on the previous studies, puts forward the intervention measures in the light of the concrete problems existing in the development, and proposes some suggestions for the curtent study limitations, in order to provide fundamental evidance for promotion of emotion ability of hearing impaired children.

Recovery of a patient with severe COVID-19 by acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine adjuvant to standard care / 中西医结合学报

There is currently no drug or therapy that can cure the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is highly contagious and can be life-threatening in severe cases. Therefore, seeking potential effective therapies is an urgent task. An older female at the Leishenshan Hospital in Wuhan, China, with a severe case of COVID-19 with significant shortness of breath and decrease in peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO

Effect of traditional Chinese medicine in improving human health by regulating bacterial quorum sensing system / 中国中药杂志

Quorum sensing(QS) is one of the research hotspots in the fields of microbiology and medicine in recent years. Quorum sensing is a cell communication regulatory system, which is used by bacterial flora to pass on information of population density by sensing specific signaling molecules to the environment. The QS system of bacteria can impact biological functions, such as bacterial growth, proliferation, biofilm formation, virulence factor production, antibiotic synthesis, and ultimately adapt the bacteria to environmental changes. At present, more and more active ingredients can regulate quorum sensing have been found in traditional Chinese medicines(TCM). TCM and their active ingredients can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and finally achieve the purpose of treating diseases. It embodies multi-pathway and multi-target characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine. This article first introduces molecular types and regulation mechanisms of quorum sensing signals between bacteria. On this basis, the human health-related bacterial quorum sensing is summarized, and the regulatory effect of TCM on bacterial quorum sensing system is discussed. Finally, it is noted that the material basis and mechanisms of TCM in improving human health through bacterial quorum sensing system are still unclear. Future research hotspots will focus on quorum sensing active substances, quorum sensing key nodes and relevant targets. In a word, this article provides reference for the treatment of relevant diseases.

Harmine inhibits COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells through PTEN/Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To further analyze the effects of PTEN/Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway in the harmine (HM)-mediated inhibition of COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells. Methods PTEN-siRNA, Akt-siR-NA, MDM2-siRNA were constructed and respectively transfected into SGC-7901 and MKN45 cells,and then added or not added HM for 24 h. The expression of PTEN, Akt and phosphorylated Akt ( p-Akt), MDM2 and phosphorylated MDM2 ( p-MDM2), as well as COX-2 expression was detected by Western blot. Results HM increased PTEN expression, but inhibited p-Akt,p-MDM2 and COX-2 expression in SGC-7901 and MKN45 cells. Knockdown of PTEN blocked HM-induced inhibition of Akt and MDM2 phosphorylation, as well as down-regulation of COX-2 expression. Knockdown of Akt and treatment with HM synergisti-cally inhibited p-MDM2 and COX-2 expression. Knockdown of MDM2 and treatment with HM synergis-tically inhibited COX-2 protein expression. Conclusions HM down-regulates the expression of COX-2 protein in gastric cancer cells via PTEN/Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway.

Relation among personality, self-control and procrastination in young people / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between personality traits and procrastination in young people and the mediating role of self-control.Methods:A total of 344 college students (191 males and 153 females) were assessed with the Mini-IPIP Scale (Mini-IPIP), Dual-Mode of Self-Control Scale (DMSC-S, including control system and impulse system) and General Procrastination Scale (GPS).Results:The GPS scores were negatively correlated with scores of agreeableness subscale and conscientiousness subscale (r=-0.13, -0.53, Ps＜0.05), and positively correlated with scores of neuroticism subscales (r=0.27, P＜0.01).The structural equation modeling supported the impulse system fully mediated the relationship between neuroticism and procrastination (η2=0.15, 95％CI=0.02-0.25), and those two systems partly mediated the relationship between conscientiousness and procrastination (η2=0.20, 0.20;95％CI=-0.38——0.05, -0.70——0.24).Conclusion:The relationship between youth personality and procrastination may be mediated by a dual system of self-control.Additionally, the degree to how self-control affects the relationship between big five personality trait and procrastination is different under the different types of personality.

Evaluating two methods of digital photography in retinopathy screening / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM:To evaluate the advantages of non - mydriatic fundus photography (NMFCS) and mydriatic fundus photography (MFCS) as eye - bottom screening and diagnosis methods in compared with gold standard fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA). ·METHODS: A total of 276 patients which involved in Chronic Diabetes Management Achieves within 4 streets of Pudong District Shanghai, were enrolled for diabetic retinopathy (DR) examination including NMFCS, MFCS and FFA. These DR examinations were proceeded after vision,slit-lamp and dioptroscopy tests,and reported by professionals. For those with suspicious fundus diseases, we would make appointments with specialist for further treatment. ·RESULTS: A total of 1104 colorful fundus images, and 1056 images (95.65%) could be used to analyze. There were 408 appreciable images, 116 basically appreciable images and 28 unusable images in 552 NMFCS images. In addition,there were 432 appreciable images,100 basically appreciable images and 20 unusable images in 552 MFCS images. There was no significant differences between NMFCS and MFCS (P>0.05). Compared with FFA with DRⅠ as the critical value, the specificity of digital photography for NMFCS was 95.71%, the sensitivity was 93.56%;however, MFCS are 95.43% and 98.02%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two screening methods (P>0.05). Compared with FFA with DR Ⅱ as the critical value, the specificity of digital photography for NMFCS was 95.35% and the sensitivity was 93. 44%; however, for MFCS were 95. 81% and 98.36%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two screening methods (P>0.05). ·CONCLUSION: Both NMFCS and MFCS could be used for the diagnosis and screening for eye diseases. NMFCS is easier and faster for digital photography, which is suitable for mass screening. MFCS is more likely to provide detailed information about the follow-up of the disease.

Investigation on the prevalence and awareness of DR in diabetic patients based on community chronic disease / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the prevalence and awareness of diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) among patients with diabetes mellitus in the Huamu Community of Shanghai.?METHODS: A total of 545 diabetic patients in the community's chronic disease file were enrolled in the Ophthalmologic Examination and DR Prevention Questionnaire. To know the prevalence rate of DR and to use chi-square test to check analysis the difference of prevalence rate. The descriptive statistical analysis of DR prevention and treatment knowledge was carried out in diabetes.?RESULTS: The prevalence of DR was 23. 5％. And the prevalence of non - proliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy was 20. 9％ and 2. 6％. The patients with diabetes in the Huamu Community lacked sufficient awareness of DR prevention and treatment methods.?CONCLUSION: Using the chronic disease file for eye tests in diabetes can help prevent DR from beginning in the community. Awareness of DR in diabetic patients also needs to be improved.

Current status of job burnout in clinical nurses in a grade A tertiary hospital and related influencing factors / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the current status of job burnout in clinical nurses in a grade A tertiary hospitalin Shaoxing,China and related influencing factors.@*Methods@#In October 2016, the Nursing Burnout Scale (NBS)was used for the investigation of 304 clinical nurses in a grade A tertiary hospital.The contents of the investigation included general data(including age,education background,working years,marital status, frequency of night shifts,professional title, and way of employment), characteristics of working environment,burnout, personality characteristics,coping strategy,and psychosomatic symptoms.SPSS 18.0 was used to conduct Pearson correlation analysis of the scores of each dimension of NBS. A multivariate regression analysis was performed with the demographic features of clinical nurses as the independent variable and the scores of each dimension of NBS as the dependent variable.@*Results@#Among the clinical nurses in this grade A tertiary hospital, the incidence rate of severe burnout was 74%.The Pearson correlation analysis showed that burnout,pessimistic personality,negative coping,and psychosomatic symptoms were positively correlated with working environment(r=0.530,0.316,0.116,and 0.502); pessimistic personality and psychosomatic symptoms were positively correlated with burnout(r=0.618 and 0.675); psychosomatic symptoms were positively correlated withpessimistic personality(r=0.540); negative coping was negatively correlated with pessimistic personality(r=-0.145).The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that department(Department of Internal Medicine or Department of Surgery,B=-0.364 and -0.428)and frequency of night shifts(<6 times/month and 6-10 times/month,B=0.199 and 0.256)were influencing factors for the score of working environment; department(Department of Internal Medicine or Department of Surgery, B=-0.350 and -0.360)was an influencing factor for the score of burnout; 1-3 working years(B=-0.238)was an influencing factor for the score of pessimistic personality; married state,1-3 working years,and department (Department of Internal Medicine or Department of Surgery)were influencing factors for the score of psychosomatic symptoms(B=0.263,-0.301,-0.322,and -0.391).@*Conclusion@#There is a high incidence rate of job burnout among clinical nurses in this grade A tertiary hospital,which is associated with burnout,working environment, pessimistic personality,and psychosomatic symptoms.Marital status,working years,department,and frequency of night shifts are major influencing factors for job burnout.

A preliminary study on the disappearance time of influenza virus antigen / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the antigen clearance time, time to symptom disappearance, and the association between them using immunofluorescence assay for dynamic monitoring of influenza virus antigen in children with influenza.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1 063 children suspected of influenza who visited the Hunan People's Hospital from March to April, 2016 were enrolled. The influenza A/B virus antigen detection kit (immunofluorescence assay) was used for influenza virus antigen detection. The children with positive results were given oseltamivir as the antiviral therapy and were asked to re-examine influenza virus antigen at 5, 5-7, and 7 days after onset.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of all children suspected of influenza, 560 (52.68%) had an influenza virus infection. A total of 215 children with influenza virus infection were followed up. The clearance rate of influenza virus antigen was 9.8% (21 cases) within 5 days after onset. The cumulative clearance rate of influenza virus antigen was 32.1% (69 cases) within 5-7 days, and 98.1% (211 cases) within 7-10 days after onset. Among these children, 6 children (2.8%) achieved the improvement in clinical symptoms within 3 days after onset. The cumulative rate of symptom improvement was 84.7% (182 cases) within 3-5 days after onset, and 100% achieved the improvement after 5 days of onset.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The time to improvement in symptoms after treatment is earlier than antigen clearance time. Almost all of the children achieve influenza virus antigen clearance 7-10 days after onset. Therefore, it is relatively safe for children to go back to school within 7-10 days after onset when symptoms disappear.</p>

Expression of interferon-λ1 in respiratory epithelial cells of children with RSV infection and its relationship with RSV load / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of IFN-λ1 in respiratory epithelial cells of children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and its relationship with RSV load.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the children who were hospitalized with respiratory tract infection from June 2015 to June 2016. A direct immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the antigens of seven common respiratory viruses (including RSV) in the nasopharyngeal swabs. A total of 120 children who were only RSV positive were selected as the RSV infection group. A total of 50 children who had negative results in the detection of all viral antigens were selected as the healthy control group. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine the RSV load and the expression of IFN-λ1 mRNA in the nasopharyngeal swabs of children in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of IFN-λ1 in the RSV infection group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P<0.05). The expression of IFN-λ1 was positively correlated with RSV load (r=0.56, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>RSV can induce the expression of IFN-λ1 in respiratory epithelial cells, suggesting that IFN-λ1 may play an important role in anti-RSV infection.</p>

The current situation of social adaptation and influencing factors in migrant children / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the current situation of migrant children' s social adaptation and ex?plore its influencing factors. Methods The study population was 1547 children aged 10?16 years recruited from Shijiazhuang city. Social adaptation was collected through social adaptation questionnaire,whereas self?control was measured by children' s self?control investigating questionnaire. The data were statistically ana?lyzed with the ANOVA and stepwise regression analysis. Results ①There was no significant difference on social adaptation scores between migrant children and urban children (3.71±0.65,3.70±0.69, P>0.05). ②Among migrant children,girls scored significantly higher than boys(3.80±0.59,3.63±0.69, P0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference on social adaptation between migrant children and urban children. Children' s self?control,parent?child rela?tionship and peer relationship have significant influence on social adaptation of migrant children .

The application effects of bear play in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis of Qi deficiency of spleen and stomach / 中华护理杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects of Wuqinxi bear play on TCM symptoms and health status in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis of Qi deficiency of spleen and stomach.Methods A total of 60 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology in our hospital were selected.Using random number table method,the patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group with 30 cases in each group.The intervention group adopted bear play for exercise,and the control group was treated with routine treatment and nursing.The scores of TCM symptoms and SF-36,and reports of endoscope were compared between two groups.Results The scores of TCM symptoms in the intervention group were decreased after 2 and 4 weeks' of intervention.The score of each factor in SF-36 was increased and results of endoscope report were improved after 12 weeks' intervention.The differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bear play can effectively alleviate symptoms of chronic atrophic gastritis of Qi deficiency of spleen and stomach,and improve patents' quality of life.

Relationship between physical and mental health and self-control of elderly people in nursing home / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between self-control ability and physical and mental health of the elderly people in nursing home.Methods 183 elderly people from three nursing homes were investigated using self control measurement method of dual system scale and World Health Survey.The individuals were divided into high control low impulsiveness group(n=51),high control high impulsiveness group(n=36),low control low impulsiveness group(n=27) and low control impulse group(n=69).Results The total score of physical and mental health for elderly people in nursing homes was.(1.76±0.46),while the scores of body health,mental health and overall self evaluation were (1.84± 0.56),(1.66± 0.42) and (2.93±0.72).The scores of physical health and mental health for elderly people in nursing homes of impulse and control system for elderly people in nursing homes were (2.98 ± 0.63) and (3.35 ± 0.59).The scores of physical health (r=0.15),mental health (r=0.29) and overall self evaluation (r=0.31) were positively correlated with impulse system,and negatively correlated with control system (r=-0.26,-0.33,-0.34,P＜0.05).The scores of physical health,mental health and overall self evaluation in four groups were significantly different (F=12.39,33.82,21.50,P＜0.01).Conclusion The physical and mental health of the elderly people in nursing home is correlated with self-control ability.

Clinical study of relationship between sleep apnea syndrome and metabolic syndrome of petrol field workers / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in petrol field workers.Methods A total of 100 cases of OSAS patients of petrol field workers were enrolled as the study objects from March 2013 to August 2015 in emergency and respiratory department in Daqing Longnan Hospital and were divided into three groups:simple snoring group (Group A,n =26),mild OSAS group (Group B,n =42),and severe OSAS group (Group C,n =32).The comparison of dietetic status score,sleep status score and the patients with MS among 3 groups were carried out.The relationship between OSAS and MS was analyzed by using univariate and multivariable Logistic regression analyses were used.Results In Group C,sleep status score (8.3 ± 1.2) and dietetic status score (7.6 ± 1.4) and the rates of MS (23/32) were higher than those in the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Univariate and multivariable Logistic regression analyses,showed OSAS was the risk factorofMS [r=11.211 (OR =9.412,95％ CI:5.992～15.202)].Conclusions Dietetic status and sleep status were obviously influenced by OSAS in petrol field workers.The incidence of MS were more common in petrol field workersevere with OSAS and OSAS was a risk factor of MS.

The relationship between children's self-control and parenting style / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the effect of parenting styles on the children' s self-control,and distinguish the influence between father and mother.Methods The present study selected 1 531 children (766 girls) between 3-10 years old.Data on parenting style were collected by parenting style questionnaire,while data on children' s self-control were measured by dual-system of self-control scale.Principal component analysis was conducted to examine common method bias.Results (1) No common method bias was found in this study.(2) Boys scored (31.66±5.95) on control system lower than girls (32.91±5.49),t=4.071,P＜ 0.01,but they had higher scores (43.19±8.32) on impulsive system than girls (41.96±8.32),t=2.226,P=0.027.(3)The associations of children's self-control scores with parents' spoiling,neglectful,authoritarian,inconsistent style were significant (r=-0.054～-0.174,P＜0.05),while it correlated positively with parents' democratic style (r=0.231,r=0.243,P＜0.05).The correlation between children's impulsive system scores and parents' spoiling,neglectful,authoritarian,inconsistent style were significantly positive (r=0.116-0.195,P＜0.05),while its associations with parents' democratic style were significant (r=-0.107,r=-0.108,P＜0.05).(4) As controlling children's age and sex,father democracy (β=0.120),inconsistency (β=-0.159),and mother democracy (β=0.188) were significantly correlated with children' s self-control (R 2adj =0.107,P＜0.05).Father despotism (β=0.070),inconsistency (β=0.136),mother's democracy (β=-0.063),despotism (β=0.099) and inconsistency (β=0.061) significantly predicted children's impulsive system (R 2adj =0.082,P＜0.05).Conclusion Each dimension of self-control and parenting style is high correlation.Father and mother's different rearing traits and the combination of different rearing traits contributed variously to children' s self-control system.

The relationship between time perspective and mental effort during the process of the change of bad habits / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the relationship between mental effort and personal time perspective during the process of individual changing bad habits.Methods 230 graduate students were collected to attend this longitudinal study of 21 days by experience sampling method.The data on mental effort and performance were obtained from the process of daily change of the bad behavior.Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) was applied to graduate students.The survey results were analyzed by hierarchical linear modeling (HLM).Results In 21 days,the mental effort of subjects showed very clear downward trend,the trend of the change was statistical significant (total score(5.63±2.62),t=-5.590,P＜0.01).Mental effort didn't have significant difference in five kinds of behavioral objectives (keeping early hours,exercising daily,dieting,reading daily,limiting screen time) (P＞0.05).The male obviously put more effort than the female during the study(t=2.743,P＜0.01).Both Present Hedonism and Futurism were inversely related to mental effort,which was statistical significant (t=-2.504,P＜0.05;t=2.39,P＜0.05).Both Present Fatalism and Futurism had the effects on the changing trend of the mental effort regulatory,which was statistical significant (t=-3.099,P＜0.01;t=-2.400,P＜0.05).Conclusion The mental effort of changing the behavior will gradually decline during the process of habit establishment.The mental effort of subjects who had present fatalism or futurism show a faster decline.