Blue Nevus Hidden within the Nevus of Ota / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

A 3-year-old boy presented with bluish patch and scattered blue spots on the left side of his face. After several sessions of laser treatment, the azury patch in the periorbital area became even darker. Histopathology showed many bipolar, pigment-laden dendritic cells scattered in the papillary and upper reticular dermis. Immunohistochemically, these cells were positive for S100, SOX-10, melan-A, P16, and HMB-45. The positive rate of Ki-67 was less than 5%. Finally, the lesion was diagnosed with nevus of Ota concurrent with common blue nevus. Therefore, for cases of the nevus of Ota with poor response to laser treatment, the possible coexisting diseases should be suspected.

Analysis of clinical treatment outcomes of ocular lesions in 28 cases of severe ocular rosacea / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate clinical treatment regimens for ocular lesions in patients with severe ocular rosacea.Methods:A total of 28 patients (34 eyes) with severe rosacea complicated by blepharokeratoconjunctivitis were collected from outpatient department of the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 1, 2019 to May 30, 2021. They were randomly divided into two groups: group A (13 cases, 16 eyes) topically treated with sodium hyaluronate 0.3% eye drops and levofloxacin 0.5% eye drops, and group B (15 cases, 18 eyes) topically treated with sodium hyaluronate 0.3% eye drops alone. Patients in both groups also received oral minocycline hydrochloride 100 mg every day for the first 2 weeks, and then 50 mg every day for the next 6 weeks. Meanwhile, all patients received same physical therapies such as meibomian gland massage, eyelid hot compresses and eyelid margin cleaning. LogMAR visual acuity, tear break-up time (BUT) , ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, and meibomian gland function grading examination results in the two groups were recorded before and 8 weeks after treatment. Paired t test was used to compare within-group differences in the parameters before and after treatment, and two-independent-sample t test to compare intergroup differences after treatment. Results:After 8-week treatment, both group A and group B showed significantly increased LogMAR visual acuity ( t = 3.10, 2.15, P = 0.007, 0.046, respectively) , improved BUT ( t = 3.44, 2.85, P = 0.003, 0.011, respectively) , but significantly decreased OSDI scores ( t = 7.12, 9.33, respectively, both P < 0.001) and meibomian gland function scores ( t = 13.73, 16.82, respectively, both P < 0.001) compared with those before treatment. After treatment, no significant differences were observed in the LogMAR visual acuity ( P = 0.721) , BUT ( P = 0.189) , OSDI scores ( P = 0.808) and meibomian gland function scores ( P = 0.191) between the two groups. No adverse drug reactions occurred during the treatment. During the follow-up period (8 months or shorter) , no recurrence of ocular lesions was observed. Conclusion:Without topical antibiotics, oral minocycline hydrochloride combined with topical sodium hyaluronate eye drops is still effective for the treatment and prevention of recurrence of ocular lesions in patients with severe ocular rosacea.

Effect of miRNA-193b-5p-mediated decreased expression of transcriptional regulator CITED2 on melanogenesis / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of miRNA (miR) -193b-5p on melanogenesis and its possible mechanisms.Methods:Human primary melanocytes were isolated from discarded normal foreskin tissues of healthy males after circumcision, and cultured in vitro. miR-NC mimics (miR-NC mimic group) and miR-193b-5p mimics (miR-193b-5p mimic group) were transfected into human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells, separately. After transfection, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the overexpression efficiency of miR-193b-5p at 48 hours, Western blot analysis to determine the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins tyrosinase (TYR) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells at 72 hours, and the melanin content in the above cells was determined by a sodium hydroxide solubilization method at 1 week. The target gene of miR-193b-5p was predicted by using Targetscan algorithms and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were performed to analyze changes in mRNA and protein expression of the target gene respectively after the overexpression of miR-193b-5p. Two-independent-samples t test was used for comparisons between two groups. Results:In human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells, the miR-193b-5p expression levels were significantly higher in the miR-193b-5p mimic groups than in the miR-NC mimic groups ( t = 65.57, 22.49, respectively, both P < 0.001) , and the melanin content was significantly lower in the miR-193b-5p mimic groups (0.091 ± 0.007, 0.130 ± 0.004, respectively) than in the miR-NC mimic groups (0.117 ± 0.002, 0.188 ± 0.032, t = 5.98, 3.24, P < 0.01, < 0.05, respectively) . Western blot analysis showed that the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins TYR and MITF in both human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells was significantly lower in the miR-193b-5p mimic groups than in the miR-NC mimic groups (all P < 0.01) . TargetScan analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed a binding site for miR-193b-5p in the 3′ untranslated region of the transcriptional regulator CITED2. After up-regulation of miR-193b-5p expression in human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells, the CITED2 mRNA and protein expression levels significantly decreased compared with the miR-NC mimic groups (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:miR-193b-5p overexpression can down-regulate the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins TYR and MITF, and then inhibit melanogenesis, which may be related to the targeted inhibition of CITED2 expression.

Effect of different incubation time of aminolevulinic acid on photodynamic inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of different incubation time of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on photodynamic inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms. Methods:Propionibacterium acnes biofilms were formed in 24-well plates with pre-placed cell slides and 96-well plates. The formation of the biofilm structure was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) , and the growth activity of the biofilm was assessed by the tetrazolium salt XTT assay. The in vitro successfully constructed biofilm models were divided into 6 groups: negative control group receiving neither ALA treatment nor LED radiation, ALA group incubated with ALA alone for 30 minutes, LED group receiving LED radiation alone, ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group incubated with ALA for 15, 30 and 60 minutes respectively followed by LED radiation. After the treatment, CLSM was performed to observe the biofilm structure, as well as to determine the dead/living bacteria ratio, and XTT assay to assess the growth activity of the biofilm. Differences among groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference- t test. Results:CLSM showed that the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm model was successfully constructed in vitro. The dead/living bacteria ratios were 0.90 ± 0.16, 1.75 ± 0.19, and 2.57 ± 0.32 in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group respectively, which were significantly higher than the dead/living bacteria ratio in the negative control group (0.31 ± 0.01; t= 55.56, 138.62, 74.64, respectively, all P<0.001) ; the biofilm viability value was significantly lower in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group (0.35 ± 0.02, 0.26 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.01, respectively) than in the negative control group (0.43 ± 0.00; t= 35.66, 2.64, 110.96, respectively, all P < 0.001) . CLSM showed that the structure of the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm was destroyed under the action of ALA-PDT, and the destruction was aggravated with the prolongation of incubation time of ALA. Conclusion:The prolongation of incubation time of ALA can enhance the inhibitory effect of ALA-PDT on Propionibacterium acnes biofilms.

Efficacy of TiRobot-assisted minimally invasive percutaneous screw fixation for pelvic fractures / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of TiRobot-assisted minimally invasive percutaneous screw fixation for pelvic fractures.Methods:The clinical data of 44 patients with pelvic fracture were retrospectively analyzed who had undergone TiRobot-assisted minimally invasive percutaneous screw fixation from May 2018 to April 2021 at Department of Orthopedic Traumatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University. There were 30 males and 14 females, aged from 11 to 78 years (average, 40.6 years). According to the Tile classification, there were 20 type C1 fractures, 23 type C2 fractures and one type C3 fracture. The time from injury to operation averaged 8.2 days (from 1 to 41 days). The minimally invasive percutaneous screw fixation was assisted by the orthopaedic TiRobot in all patients. Operation time, fluoroscopy time, reduction quality, complications and functional recovery at the final follow-up were recorded and analyzed.Results:A total of 96 screws were implanted in this cohort. The total fluoroscopy time ranged from 17 to 66 s, with an average of 17.8 s for each single screw. The operation time ranged from 50 to 355 min, averaging 179.7 min. According to the Matta criteria, the reduction quality was rated as excellent in 36 cases, as good in 5 and as fair in 3, yielding an excellent and good rate of 93.2%(41/44). All the 44 patients were followed up for 6 to 42 months (average, 20.4 months). The fracture healing time ranged from 2 to 6 months, averaging 3.3 months. The Majeed scores at the final follow-up ranged from 51 to 100 points (average, 83.7 points); there were 28 excellent, 8 good, 7 fair and one poor cases, giving an excellent to good rate of 81.8% (36/44). Follow-up found no such complications as iatrogenic neurovascular injury, incision infection, malunion, implant loosening or fracture re-displacement in all the 44 patients.Conclusion:TiRobot-assisted minimally invasive internal fixation can result in fine clinical efficacy for pelvic fractures, showing advantages of accuracy, minimal invasion and safety.

Laboratory testing techniques for monkeypox virus / 中华皮肤科杂志

Monkeypox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by monkeypox virus infection. Monkeypox has become a public health emergency of international concern, since it first spread widely in many regions outside Africa in 2022. Accurate and effective detection methods are particularly important for the diagnosis and screening of monkeypox virus infection. This review summarizes laboratory testing techniques for monkeypox virus in recent years, and compares principles and detection performance of microscopy, culture, nucleic acid testing and immunological methods.

Strengthening comprehensive surveillance of and public health response to monkeypox in China / 中华皮肤科杂志

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus, and human cases infected with the virus have been reported in more than 100 countries. To respond to the potential of case importation and consequent spread of the infection in the country, it is urgent for China to strengthen its comprehensive surveillance efforts consisting of case detection through country-entering check, symptom screening, and investigation among priority populations, and to implement comprehensive strategies to control the source of infection, interrupt the transmission and protect the people at risk.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Genomics / 中国医学科学院学报

Clinical genomics mainly studies the clinical application of genomics in diagnosis,treatment decision,and prognosis prediction.Artificial intelligence enables the processing of complex and massive data in genomics which are difficult to be dealt with traditional algorithms and techniques.At present,artificial intelligence is involved in many tasks of clinical genomics,such as variant calling and classification,imaging and genetic diagnosis,electronic health record-based genetic diagnosis,and prediction of drug effect and adverse reaction.This review elaborates the application of artificial intelligence in different aspects of clinical genomics.

Establishment and evaluation of an artificial intelligence model for the diagnosis of facial vitiligo / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To construct an artificial intelligence model for the diagnosis of facial vitiligo, so as to realize artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis of facial vitiligo.Methods:Based on digital single-lens reflex (SLR) camera images of vitiligo skin lesions and YOLO (You Only Look Once) v3 algorithm, a skin lesion detection model Vit3 was established, and its performance was evaluated by comparing its detection results and labeling results of dermatologists. On the basis of the Vit3 model, both optical and ultraviolet images of vitiligo and non-vitiligo skin lesions were taken by using an artificial intelligence-based facial skin image collector, and the gray values of vitiligo and non-vitiligo skin lesion areas on the ultraviolet images were measured by using an image processing technique. According to the gray-value threshold between vitiligo and non-vitiligo skin lesions, a facial vitiligo diagnosis model Vit4 was established. Cochran′s Q test was used to compare the diagnostic results of the Vit4 model and dermatologists, and the diagnostic performance of the Vit4 model was evaluated. Results:For 100 SLR camera images of vitiligo skin lesions (167 lesional sites) and 100 SLR camera images of normal skin, the diagnostic sensitivity of the Vit3 model was 92.81% (155/167) . For 97 pairs of facial skin images (including 50 vitiligo lesions, 30 pityriasis alba lesions, 7 amelanotic nevus leisons, and 10 normal skin tissues) , the diagnostic accuracy rate, sensitivity and specificity of the Vit4 model were 88.66% (86/97) , 88.00% (44/50) and 89.36% (42/47) respectively, and there was no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy rate between the Vit4 model and dermatologists (92.78%[90/97], χ2=2.323, P > 0.05) . Conclusion:The artificial intelligence model Vit4 was established for the diagnosis of facial vitiligo with favorable diagnostic performance, and could serve as an objective and convenient method for the auxiliary diagnosis of facial vitiligo.

Efficacy of two kinds of intense pulsed light for the treatment of rosacea / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of broad-band intense pulsed light (OPT-IPL) versus narrow-band intense pulsed light (DPL) in the treatment of rosacea-associated erythema and telangiectasia.Methods:Fifty-four rosacea patients who received treatment with intense pulsed light were collected from Laser Department, Hospital of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October 2016 to December 2019, and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Their age ranged from 19 to 56 years, and disease duration ranged from 0.2 to 10 years. Of the 54 patients, 22 were treated with OPT-IPL, and 32 were treated with DPL. All patients completed at least one session of treatment and follow-up. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by using clinician erythema assessment (CEA) and physician global assessment (PGA) scales, and adverse reactions were assessed. A generalized linear mixed model was used to analyze differences in CEA and PGA scores among different groups and treatment sessions.Results:In the OPT-IPL group, 22, 17 and 10 cases completed 1, 2 and 3 sessions of treatment respectively, with the energy fluence being 16.57±1.21 J/cm 2. In the DPL group, 32, 25 and 16 cases completed 1, 2 and 3 sessions of the treatment respectively, with the energy fluence of 9.76±0.61 J/cm 2. Before the start of treatment and after 1, 2 and 3 sessions of treatment, the CEA scores were 2.38±0.84, 2.29±0.75, 1.94±0.66 and 1.90±0.66 respectively in the OPT-IPL group, and 2.25±0.77, 2.16±0.77, 1.84±0.81 and 1.47±0.81 respectively in the DPL group. As far as the CEA score was concerned, there was no interaction between the groups and treatment sessions ( F=0.57, P=0.638) , and no significant difference between the OPT-IPL group and DPL group ( F=0.84, P=0.360) , but a significant difference was observed among different sessions of treatment ( F=17.90, P< 0.001) , and the CEA score gradually decreased along with the increase of treatment sessions compared with that before treatment (all P< 0.05) . After 1, 2 and 3 sessions of treatment, the PGA scores were 0.39±0.71, 0.82±0.92 and 0.55±0.80 respectively in the OPT-IPL group, and 0.61±0.77, 1.34±1.09 and 1.53±1.38 respectively in the DPL group. As far as the PGA score was concerned, there was no interaction between the groups and treatment sessions ( F=1.62, P=0.202) , and no significant difference between the OPT-IPL group and DPL group ( F=3.93, P=0.050) , but there was a significant difference among different sessions of treatment ( F=19.33, P< 0.001) . Compared with the PGA score after 1 session of treatment, the PGA score gradually increased along with the increase of treatment sessions (all P< 0.001) . After treatment, no adverse reactions, such as blisters and crusts, occurred in either of the 2 groups, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of pigmentation, erythema aggravation, papules or increase in papule count between the 2 groups (all P> 0.05) . Conclusion:The efficacy and safety of DPL are comparable to those of OPT-IPL in the treatment of rosacea-related erythema and telangiectasia, but lower energy fluence is required.

Construction of conjugated polymer-exoelectrogen hybrid bioelectrodes and applications in microbial fuel cells / 生物工程学报

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a bioelectrochemical device, that enables simultaneous wastewater treatment and energy generation. However, a few issues such as low output power, high ohmic internal resistance, and long start-up time greatly limit MFCs' applications. MFC anode is the carrier of microbial attachment, and plays a key role in the generation and transmission of electrons. High-quality bioelectrodes have developed into an effective way to improve MFC performance. Conjugated polymers have advantages of low cost, high conductivity, chemical stability and good biocompatibility. The use of conjugated polymers to modify bioelectrodes can achieve a large specific surface area and shorten the charge transfer path, thereby achieving efficient biological electrochemical performance. In addition, bacteria can be coated with nano-scale conjugated polymer and effectively transfer the electrons generated by cells to electrodes. This article reviews the recently reported applications of conjugated polymers in microbial fuel cells, focusing on the MFC anode materials modified by conjugated polymers. This review also systematically analyzes the advantages and limitations of conjugated polymers, and how these composite hybrid bioelectrodes solve practical issues such as low energy output, high inner resistance, and long starting time.

Clinical effect of minocycline in treating severe ocularrosacea / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of minocycline on severe ocular rosacea.Methods:Twenty-three patients with severe ocular rosacea were recruited and received 8 weeks treatment. Oral minocycline 100 mg was given daily for the first 2 weeks, and 50 mg daily minocycline daily for the next 6 weeks. The best corrected visual acuity and the eye and body skin conditions before and after treatment were recorded. The visual acuity and the degree of skin and body inflammation were compared before and after treatment to evaluate the efficacy.Results:After 2 weeks of minocycline treatment for severe rosacea eye type, 14 patients had improved eye conditions and dermatitis subsided, with an effective rate of 60.87%; 23 patients had an effective rate of 100% after 8 weeks of treatment. No adverse drug reactions were seen during treatment. The visual acuity before treatment was 0.20±0.09, and the visual acuity was 0.14±0.07 8 weeks after treatment. The patients were followed up for 18 months without recurrence.Conclusions:Minocycline is safe and effective in treating severe ocular rosacea and can control recurrence.

Prevalence and determinants of masked hypertension defined by home blood pressure monitoring in peritoneal dialysis patients / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of masked hypertension defined by home blood pressure monitoring in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and examine its determinants.Methods:The patients who performed PD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2013 were recruited. Baseline demographic, clinical and biochemical examination data were collected to analyze the prevalence and clinical characteristics in patients with masked hypertension defined by home blood pressure monitoring. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related risk factors of masked hypertension in PD patients with clinic normotension.Results:There were 1 425 patients (866 males) enrolled in this study, with age of (46.9±14.9) years and body mass index of (21.6±3.1) kg/m 2. The prevalence of masked hypertension in PD patients was 31.9%, and the prevalence of masked hypertension in patients with clinic normotension was 57.5%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher body mass index ( OR=1.057, 95% CI 1.001-1.116, P=0.047), incorporating diabetes mellitus ( OR=1.996, 95% CI 1.160-3.433, P=0.013), use of multiple antihypertensive drugs ( OR=1.336, 95% CI 1.122-1.590, P=0.001) and elevated office blood pressure ( OR=1.785, 95% CI 1.546-2.060, P<0.001) were independent risk factors of masked hypertension in PD patients with clinic normotension. Conclusions:The prevalence of masked hypertension is high in PD patients. Higher body mass index, incorporating diabetes mellitus, use of multiple antihypertensive drugs and elevated office blood pressure are independent risk factors for masked hypertension in PD patients with clinic normotension.

A comparison of efficacy and safety of picosecond alexandrite laser versus ultrapulsed fractional CO 2 laser for the treatment of facial atrophic acne scars / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of picosecond alexandrite laser and ultrapulsed fractional CO 2 laser for the treatment of facial atrophic acne scars in a prospective, split-face clinical trial. Methods:From October 2015 to October 2017, patients with facial symmetrical atrophic acne scars were enrolled from Department of Cosmetic Laser Surgery, Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. The left side of the face of the patients was treated with ultrapulsed fractional CO 2 laser, and the right side of the face was treated with a 755-nm picosecond alexandrite laser with a diffractive lens array. All patients received 3 sessions of laser treatment at a 2-month interval. The severity of scars was evaluated by 2 dermatologists before and after the treatment according to the ECCA grading scale (échelle d′évaluation clinique des cicatrices d′acné) , and clinical efficacy was self-assessed by the patients according to a 4-point scale. Pain scores and adverse reactions were recorded. Paired t test was used to compare ECCA scores and pain scores between the 2 sides of the face, as well as between pre- and post-treatment values, and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the 4-point scores between the 2 groups. Results:There was no significant difference in the ECCA score between the picosecond laser side and the fractional laser side before the treatment ( t = 1.06, P = 0.300) , while the ECCA score was significantly higher in the picosecond laser side than in the fractional laser side after 3 sessions of treatment (70.98 ± 21.48 vs. 58.04 ± 17.63, t = 3.76, P = 0.001) . Compared with the pre-treatment severity score of scars, the improvement in severity score was significantly less in the picosecond laser side than in the fractional laser side (2.21 ± 1.09 vs. 2.83 ± 1.11, z = 2.70, P = 0.007) . Compared with the fractional laser side, the picosecond laser side showed significantly lower pain scores (3.71 ± 0.62 vs. 6.23 ± 1.06, t = 11.93, P < 0.001) and less adverse reactions, which mainly manifested as transient erythema and edema. Conclusions:Both picosecond alexandrite laser and fractional CO 2 laser can effectively improve atrophic acne scars. Fractional CO 2 laser is more effective, but picosecond alexandrite laser has less adverse effects.

Effect of 5-aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamics Therapy on Biofilm of / 中国医学科学院学报

To investigate the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on () biofilm. biofilms were constructed on a cell slide and treated with ALA-PDT.According to different light doses,the biofilms were divided into six groups:ALA-PDT group [ALA-PDT1 (50 J/cm),ALA-PDT2 group (100 J/cm),ALA-PDT3 group (200 J/cm)],ALA-only group (ALA group),light-only group (LED),and a negative control group (ALA-PDT-group).The biofilm structure and the ratio of the dead bacteria/live bacteria were observed using a laser confocal microscope (CLSM).Biofilm viability was measured using the XTT assay. CLSM showed that the biofilm structures of ALA group and LED group were not significantly different from that of ALA-PDT-group,whereas the biofilm structure was more seriously damaged in ALA-PDT1 group,ALA-PDT2 group,and ALA-PDT3 group than in the ALA-PDT-group.The ratios of the dead/live bacteria in ALA-PDT-group,ALA group,LED group,ALA-PDT1 group,ALA-PDT2 group,and ALA-PDT3 group were 0.350±0.033, 0.305±0.046, 0.330±0.032, 1.525±0.439, 2.293±0.148 and 3.092±0.189,respectively.ALA group(=0.003, =1.000)and LED group(=-0.025, =1.000)did not significantly differ from the ALA-PDT-group.However,the ratio of dead/live bacteria in ALA-PDT-group was significantly lower than those in ALA-PDT1 group (=-0.162, <0.001),ALA-PDT2 group (=-0.254, <0.001),and ALA-PDT3 group (=-0.352, <0.001).The values of the XTT assay were were 0.462±0.028,0.465±0.044,0.437±0.047,0.301±0.040,0.207±0.001,and 0.110±0.007,respectively,in ALA-PDT-group,ALA group,LED group,ALA-PDT1 group,ALA-PDT2 group,and ALA-PDT3 group.Although the values of XTT assay in ALA(=-0.044, =1.000)and LED groups (=-0.020, =1.000)did not significantly differ from that in ALA-PDT-group,it was significantly higher in ALA-PDT-group than in ALA-PDT1 group (=1.175, <0.001),ALA-PDT2 group (=1.942, <0.001),and ALA-PDT3 group (=-0.352, =2.742, <0.001). ALA-PDT has an inhibitory effect on biofilm.ALA-PDT destroys biofilm structure and inhibits biofilm viability.

Safety and efficacy of picosecond Alexandrite laser with a diffractive lens array for treatment of facial photoaging / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 755 nm picosecond Alexandrite la-ser with a diffractive lens array in the treatment of facial photoaged skin .Methods Twenty-six pa-tients with facial photoaging were recruited and received 3 treatments at 4-week intervals .Laser energy was applied over the entire face at a fixed spot size of 6 mm ,with a fluence of 0 .71 J/cm2 and 5Hz . Blinded clinical assessment was performed by 2 independent dermatologists on a 5-point global pho-toaging scale (GPS) .Patients were also questioned on the extent of improvement of rhytides ,skin tightening ,and complexion with a 4-point global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) and satisfaction . Adverse events were also evaluated .Results Twenty-six patients completed the treatment .Compared with the baseline ,there was a significant improvement in facial photoaged skin after 3 treatments ,and these positive outcomes were maintained up to the 3-month follow-up ,according to the GPS and GAIS scores .Moderate pain and transient erythema were observed as the two main discomforts associated with the treatment .Most patients were satisfied with the treatment .Conclusions This 755 nm pico-second Alexandrite laser with a diffractive lens array optic is effective in the treatment offacial pho -toaged skin ,and the therapy also seems safe and well tolerated .

Status and Control of Radicidation of Tranditional Chinese Medicine / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the status and control suggestions of radicidation of tranditional Chinese medicine. METHODS： This paper focuses on the status, detection and regulation involved with radicidation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and provides suggestions on control of irradiated TCM. RESULTS： Irradiation sterilization method has many applications in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. Radicidation can kill microorganisms effectively and may affect the active ingredients in TCM meanwhile. Testing standards and regulatory regulations for traditional Chinese medicine irradiation are established and improved gradually. CONCLUSION： Irradiation is an efficient, low-cost and good applicability sterilization method which can improve the hygienic quality of medicines. Therefore, rational utilization of irradiation is conducive to guarantee both quality and safety of TCM, and will have a broader application prospect in the production of TCM.

Interpretation of the diagnostic part of Clinical Practice Guideline:Diagnosis and Treatment in Children with Allergic Rhinitis / 中国实用儿科杂志

Allergic rhinitis is a common and difficult chronic nasal disease in children,which may affect the quality of life of children,and even cause complications such as sinusitis,secretory otitis media,sleep apnean syndrome and so on.This article explains the diagnostic part in the Clinical Practice Guideline:Diagnosis and Treatment in Children with Allergic Rhinitis developed by Otolaryngology Professional Committee,Pediatrician Branch,Chinese Medical Doctor Association. Child allergic rhinitis should be diagnosed according to family history,allergic disease history,clinical manifestation and the consistent allergen detection.Infants can be diagnosed only according to family history,allergic disease history and clinical manifestations.

Investigation on Anti-atherosclerosis Mechanism of Tiaopi Huxin Prescription Based on Cav- 1/NF-κB Pathway / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of Tiaopi huxin prescription （TPHXP） on the atherosclerosis （AS） of ApoE－/－ mice， and to investigate its mechanism. METHODS： Forty male ApoE－/－ mice were divided into blank group， model group， simvastatin group （positive control， 5 mg/kg） and TPHXP low-dose and high-dose groups （50， 150 mg/kg）， with 8 mice in each group. Except that blank group was given common diet， other groups were given high-lipid diet to induce AS model. After modeling， administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， and blank group and model group were given constant volume of normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 12 weeks. After last medication， the serum levels of TC， TG， LDL-C and HDL-C were determined by spectrophotometry. The serum level of NO was detected by nitrate reduction method. The serum levels of IL-6 and VCAM-1 were determined by ELISA. After separating thoracic aorta， HE staining was used to observe the formation of plaque in the thoracic aorta of mice in each group， and the corrected plaque area was calculated. Western blotting was conducted to determine the expression of NF-κB p65， Cav-1 and eNOS. RESULTS： Compared with blank group， the serum levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， IL-6 and VCAM-1 were increased significantly in model group， while the levels of HDL-C and NO were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）. The plaque of thoracic aorta was obvious and the corrected plaque area were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. The relative expression of NF-κB p65 and Cav-1 were increased significantly， while the relative expression of eNOS was decreased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， the serum levels of TC， TG and LDL-C in administration groups， the serum levels of IL-6 and VCAM-1 in simvastatin group and TPHXP high-dose group were decreased significantly， while the serum levels of HDL-C and NO were increased significantly in administration groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. In administration groups， the plaques of thoracic aorta were reduced and the corrected plaque area was decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the relative expression of NF-κB p65 and Cav-1 were decreased significantly， while the relative expression of eNOS was increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： TPHXP can regulate the level of blood lipid， decrease the level of inflammatory factors and inhibit the formation of AS plaque， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting Cav-1/NF-κB pathway.

Comparison of outcomes after human leukocyte antigen-matched and haploidentical hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (SCT) is a well-established immunotherapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma (MM) with a potent and often sustained graft-vs.-myeloma effect. This multicenter investigation aimed to analyze the complications and survival of haploidentical SCT in patients with MM, and compare the main outcomes with matched-related donors (MRDs).@*Methods@#Haploidentical and MRD SCT was identified from a cohort of 97 patients with MM who received a myeloablative transplantation in 13 hospitals from May 2001 to December 2017. A matched-pair analysis was designed. For each haplo recipient, the recipients were randomly selected from the MRD group and were matched according to the following criteria: year of the hematopoietic SCT (±2 years), disease status at transplantation, and the length of follow-up.@*Results@#Seventy cases received MRD and 27 received haploidentical transplantation. The two groups showed no significant differences regarding age, gender, cytogenetic risk, and diagnostic stage. The cumulative incidences of non-relapse mortality (NRM) at 1 and 3 years based on donor type were 20.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.90–30.10%) and 24.2% (95% CI, 13.81–34.59%) for the MRD group and 16.80% (95% CI, 1.71–31.89%) and 28.70% (95% CI, 8.71–48.69%) for the haplo group, respectively. Cumulative incidence of NRM did not differ significantly between the two groups (χ2 = 0.031, P = 0.861). The cumulative incidences of progression-free survival (PFS) and 1 year and 3 years by type of donors were 59.8% (95% CI, 48.24–71.36%) and 45.4% (95% CI, 33.44–57.36%), and 65.6% (95% CI, 47.18–84.02%) and 26.8% (95% CI, 7.59–46. 01%) for MRD and haploidentical donor, respectively. Cumulative incidence of PFS did not differ significantly between the two groups (χ2 = 0.182, P = 0.670). In multivariate analyses, no statistically significant differences were observed between haploidentical and MRD for relapse, NRM, PFS, and overall survival. There were no statistically differences on main outcomes after haploidentical and MRD.@*Conclusion@#Haploidentical SCT could be performed safely and feasibly for patients with MM in need.