Percepción del ambiente educacional de postgrado en residentes de especialidades médicas de universidades chilenas / Perception of the educational environment in residents of medical specialties in Chilean universities

BACKGROUND: The Learning Environment (LE) influences the performance of students, learning, social life, mental health, and the future of work. Aim: To assess the learning environment (LE) among medical residents of 64 specialties. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two validated instruments "Postgraduate Hospital Education Environment Measure" (PHEEM) and "Ambulatory Care Learning Educational Environment" (ACLEEM), and open questions were answered online by 1259 residents from 15 universities. A descriptive and analytical statistical analysis and semantic deductive-inductive analyses of open questions were performed. Results: LE was positive rather than negative (PHEEM of 100.5 points (79-116) and ACLEEM of 138.5 points (120-157)). An age over 32 years, male sex, studying in a private university, being in first year of residence and being in a non-surgical specialty were associated with a better PHEEM score (p < 0.05). For ACLEEM, the first year of specialty, a non-surgical specialty and studying in a private university were associated with better scores (p < 0.05). Two programs had excellent LE (Pathological Anatomy and Ophthalmology) and no specialty had a very poor performance or many problems. Aspects of teaching, clinical activities, and teachers were strengths reported by students. Aspects to improve were teaching, protected times and clinical activities. CONCLUSIONS: LE among medical specialties had more positive than negative features, but with areas that should be improved.

Gestión de una oficina de educación médica: evidencia de 10 años y planteamientos de nuevos desafíos para el siglo XXI / Retrospective analysis of the work of a medical education office

BACKGROUND: Training of health care students at universities is a great challenge for Medical Education Offices. Our office made clear and explained the teaching-learning process from the perspective of teachers, programs, and students. AIM: To report a ten years' analysis of a Medical Education Office (MEO) work, describing the different processes and systematized decisions aimed to improve the quality of the programs and learning results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 10 years retrospective analysis of the Medical Education Office processes directed to Medicine, Nursing, Physical Therapy, and Nutrition careers of a Faculty of Medicine. Flunks between 2013 and 2017 were compared. Results: A progressive reduction in flunks was observed in the four careers. Specifically, the proportion of flunks in Nutrition decreased from 30 to 9%. When comparing flunks using a Chi-square test of homogeneity in the four careers, a significant decrease in four of six courses was observed. This led to a sustained increase in number of students who completed their career and obtained their title. Specifically, in Medicine there was a 7.5-fold increase in these figures. The Diploma course trained 90% of the teachers in charge of courses of the four careers. The master's degree generated research that allowed to increase the productivity in health sciences education. CONCLUSIONS: The Office of Medical Education created knowledge and management models for the education of health sciences students, enhancing the quality of training and learning processes.