Cultura de seguridad en profesionales del quirófano en una institución de atención materno infantil / Safety Culture in Operating Room Professionals from a Mother and Child Care Institution

Introducción: En los profesionales de la salud existe la necesidad de liderar la seguridad del paciente como política pública, la cual es un criterio de calidad al evaluar la cultura de seguridad en las instituciones de salud y de cada servicio que ofrece. Objetivo: Valorar las dimensiones de la cultura de seguridad del paciente. Métodos: Estudio de tipo analítico y transversal en área de quirófanos de la clínica Materno Infantil San Luis, desde abril a julio del 2018. Se captaron las respuestas de la cultura de seguridad en 45 profesionales de salud a través del cuestionario Hospital Survey on Patient Safety, versión en español. El análisis estadístico presenta proporciones, medidas de tendencia central, dispersión y rango intercuartílico. Para identificar las diferencias entre los grupos se utilizaron las pruebas: Exacta de Fisher, Anova y Kruskal Wallis. Los análisis se realizaron en el programa STATA 12 (StataCorp College Station, TX, EE. UU.). Resultados: Existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos de profesionales en cuanto al sexo (p = 0,002), formación académica (p = 0,042) y trabajar en otra institución (p = 0,022). El 50 por ciento de los profesionales encuestados calificaron la seguridad del paciente en su servicio con una nota entre 8 y 9. Conclusiones: En la valoración de la cultura de seguridad se logró identificar como fortaleza las dimensiones de aprendizaje organizacional/mejora continua, trabajo en equipo dentro de la unidad/servicio y apoyo de la gerencia del hospital en la seguridad del paciente(AU)

Introduction: There is a need for health professionals to lead patient safety as a public policy, which is a quality criterion to evaluate the safety culture in health institutions and in each service they offer. Objective: To assess the dimensions of culture about patient safety. Methods: Analytical and cross-sectional study carried in the operating room area of ​​San Luis Maternal and Child Clinic, from April to July 2018. The responses about safety culture were taken from 45 health professionals through the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety questionnaire, Spanish version. The statistical analysis presents proportions, measures of central tendency, dispersion and interquartile range. To identify the differences between the groups, the following tests were used: exact Fisher's test, Anova test, and Kruskal Wallis test. The analyzes were performed in the STATA 12 program (StataCorp College Station, TX, USA). Results: There are statistically significant differences between the groups of professionals regarding sex (p=0.002), academic training (p=0.042) and work in another institution (p=0.022). 50 percent of the respondents rated patient safety in their service with a score between 8 and 9. Conclusions: In assessing safety culture, some dimensions were identified as strengths, such as organizational learning/continuous improvement, teamwork within the unit/service, and support of the hospital management to patient safety(AU)

The epidemiology of cutaneour leishmaniasis / The epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis

An epidemiologic survey was conducted in an area of sutrolical rainforest in Northwest Ecuador with followin objectives; (1) to determine the prevalencie of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), (2) to identify the leishmania species cusing human disease, (3) to investigate the major CL clinical manifestations, (4) to study cellular and humoral inmune response indicators, and (5) to identify risk factors associated with the disease, Half of the 466 subjects had laboratory and clinical evidencie of either current (14 for cent) or piror disease (33 for cent). Subjects with c urrent disease had an average of 2.6+-1.9 lesions with a mean size of 8.4 +-19.4 cms. The parasite species isolated from subject lesions were: Leismania guyanesis (63 for cent. L. panamensis (33 for cent) and L. brazilensis (4 for cent). Subjects with CL exhibited the highest serum IgG an IgM concentrations (p<0.0001). Lesion number (t=2.9, p=0.007) and size (t=3.8, p=0.0004) was predictive or serum IgG levels. The Montenegro skin test induration size was correlated positively with ulcer number (t=2.2, p=0.038). Age<5 yrs (AOR=1.5, 95 for cent C.I.=0.48-2.35), adult male gender (AOR=2.8.95 for centC.I.=1.1-7.8), and wood and/or cane exterior house walls (AOR=1.8,95 for cent CI=1.4-2.5) were associated with an increased for CL. In contrast, electric home lighting was associated with decreased risk (AOR=0.7, 95 for cent CI=0.4-2.3). The results suggest that it may be possible to modify a portion of the risk for CL by making changes in the housing evironment which may help to reduce the amount of contact with the vector...