Conducta suicida, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y calidad de vida en adolescentes chilenos / Suicidal behavior, psychoactive substances use and quality of life in chilean adolescents

BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior is a public health problem, and adolescents are one of the main risk groups. Aim: To analyze the association among suicidal behavior, consumption of psychoactive substances, and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in adolescents attending schools in Valparaiso, Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five hundred-fifty adolescents enrolled in a public school participated in the study. HRQoL was evaluated through KIDSCREEN-27, while suicidal behavior and the consumption of psychoactive substances were measured with the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). RESULTS: The prevalence of suicidal behavior was higher in women and in those who used tobacco or marijuana in the last month. Respondents with a bad perception of physical well-being reported a higher frequency of suicidal ideation than those with a good perception (Odds ratio (OR): 2.24; 95% confidence: 1.49-3.36). Likewise the frequency of suicidal ideation was higher in those with a bad perception of psychological well-being (OR: 3.87; 95%CI: 2.09-7.71), and a bad perception of autonomy and relation with parents (OR:2.46; 95%CI: 1.34-4.54). Suicide planning was also associated with dimensions of autonomy and relation with parents (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.23-4.38) and dimensions of friends and social support (OR: 1.86; 95%CI:1.05-3.28). Suicide attempt was associated with the dimensions of friendship and social support (OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.02-3.28) and school environment (OR: 1,92; 95%CI: 1,23-3,01). Conclusions: Suicide ideation is associated with worse physical and psychological well-being. Suicide planning and suicide attempt is associated with a worse perception about the relation with parents or friends, social support, and school environment.

Hábitos alimentarios, obesidad y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes chilenos / Association between eating habits and health related quality of life among school age adolescents

Background: Adolescence is considered a nutritionally vulnerable period of life, since their eating habits are influenced by factors that can promote the consumption of non-nutritious food. Aim: To analyze the relation between eating habits, obesity, and the perception of Health-Related Quality of Life in school-aged adolescents. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 550 adolescents aged 16 ± 1 years (60% women) attending a public education institution in Valparaíso, Chile. The Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) for eating habits and the KIDSCREEN-27 survey for health-related quality of life were self-administered online. The answers were anonymous. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the variables, which was adjusted for age and sex. Results: Ten percent of men and 6% of women were obese. Those with an inadequate consumption of fruits had a worst perception of their physical well-being, autonomy and relationship with their parents. Psychological well-being and school environment were perceived worst among those that did not consume breakfast. Obese respondents also reported a poorest physical health. Conclusions: Inadequate eating habits and obesity have a negative effect of health-related quality of life among adolescents.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y consumo de alcohol en personas sin hogar / Health-Related Quality Of Life and Alcohol Consumption among Homeless People

Introducción: Las personas sin hogar aumentaron en Chile. El consumo riesgoso de alcohol es una conducta que podría afectar negativamente su calidad de vida. Objetivos: Comparar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) de personas sin hogar usuarios de un centro diurno de Valparaíso con población chilena de referencia; y comparar la CVRS de personas sin hogar con y sin consumo riesgoso de alcohol. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con 53 personas sin hogar usuarios de un centro de acogida diurno en Valparaíso, Chile 2015-2016. Se aplicó un cuestionario que consultó sobre variables sociodemográficas, CVRS (SF-12) y consumo de alcohol (AUDIT). El análisis estadístico se realizó con STATA versión 12. Resultados: De los participantes 54,71 por ciento presentó consumo riesgoso de alcohol. El tamaño del efecto de las diferencias entre las medias de las puntuaciones de las personas sin hogar vs. población de referencia chilena es grande para siete dimensiones de CVRS, siendo mayores en función física (r = 1,89), rol emocional (r = 2,12) y salud mental (r = 1,85) . No hubo diferencias entre la CVRS de las personas sin hogar con consumo riesgoso de alcohol comparado con los que declaran consumo de bajo riesgo. Discusión: Los resultados coinciden con estudios que dan cuenta que la CVRS de la población objetivo es peor que en la población general y que en personas con enfermedades crónicas. Conclusiones: Habitar en la calle afecta todas las dimensiones de la CVRS. Las dimensiones de la CVRS no se encuentran afectadas por el consumo riesgoso de alcohol(AU)

Introduction: The amount of homeless people has increased in Chile. The risky alcohol consumption is a behavior that could negatively affect their quality of life. Objectives: To compare the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of homeless people users of a Valparaíso day center with the Chilean reference population and compare the HRQOL of homeless people with and without risky alcohol consumption. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted on 53 homeless users of a day center shelter in Valparaíso, Chile from 2015 to 2016. A questionnaire was applied for sociodemographic variables, HRQOL (SF-12) and alcohol consumption (AUDIT). The statistical analysis was performed with STATA version 12. Results: 54.71 percent of the participants presented risky alcohol consumption. The effect size of the differences between the means of the scores of the homeless vs. The effect size of the differences between the mean scores of homeless people compared to the Chilean reference population is large for seven HRQoL dimensions, which is greater in physical function (r = 1.89), emotional role ( r = 2.12) and mental health (r = 1.85). HRQoL for homeless people was no different concerning risky alcohol consumption compared to those who declared low risk consumption. Discussion: The results coincide with a study that shows that the HRQOL of the target population is worse than in the general population and that in people with chronic diseases. Conclusions: Living on the streets affects all the dimensions of the HRQOL. Dimensions of HRQOL are not affected by risky alcohol consumption(AU)

Uso de sustancias psicoactivas y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes escolarizados / Psychoactive substances use and health-related quality of life among school age adolescents

Background The use of psychoactive substances among adolescents is a major social and public health concern. Aim To analyze association of substance abuse and multiple drug use with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents attending a high school in Valparaiso, Chile. Material and Methods Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of adolescents attending high school. HRQOL was assessed using KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire and substance use was measured using the Global school-based student health survey. Participants had to complete online, self-administered, anonymous questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to calculate Odd ratios. Results A total of 550 adolescents aged 16 ± 1 years old completed the questionnaires. Thirty nine percent consumed alcohol during the last month, 31% smoked, 33% used marijuana and 33% admitted the use of multiple drugs. High-risk alcohol consumption was associated with a lower perception of psychological well-being, self-perception and school environment. This last dimension was affected in those who admitted marijuana use during the last month. Multiple drug use (three substances) was associated with a lower perception of physical and psychological well-being, self-perception, relationship with parents, family life and school environment. Conclusions High-risk alcohol consumption and multiple drug use (three substances) have a negative impact on the HRQOL of school age adolescents.