RESUMEN
Objective To assess the trichoscopic features of alopecia areata, and determine correlation between the findings and the severity of alopecia tool [SALT] score
Methods A cross-sectional study was done on 67 patients in Amrita Institute, Kochi, who were clinically diagnosed with alopecia areata of scalp. Patients were examined using Heine Delta 20 Plus dermoscope
Results Yellow dots were the most common finding on trichoscopy, seen in 86.6 percent of patients. Black dots were next most common finding, seen in 68.7 percent of patients, followed by broken hair [59.7 percent], vellus hair [49.3 percent] and tapering hairs [25.4 percent]. Grey hair was seen in 11.9 percent and coiled hair in 7.5 percent patients. There was a significant relationship between vellus hair and lower SALT score. This study did not find any significant association between the other trichoscopic features of alopecia areata and clinical type or SALT score
Conclusion Scalp lesions in alopecia areata show characteristic features on trichoscopy, such as yellow dots, black dots, broken hair, vellus hair and tapering hair. Trichoscopy is a quick, easy tool in the diagnosis of alopecia and it can be a non-invasive alternative to skin biopsy
RESUMEN
Background/objective: Pregnant women experience a myriad of physiological and metabolic changes that affect different organ systems in the body. Cutaneous and appendageal alterations that manifest during pregnancy are largely modulated by hormonal, immunologic, and metabolic factors. Detailed reports encompassing physiological changes and specific dermatoses of pregnancy and effects of various dermatoses on pregnant women are scanty in literature. This study was conducted to examine in detail both physiological changes and specific dermatoses. The cutaneous changes are divided into physiological changes, skin diseases aggravated by pregnancy, and specific dermatoses of pregnancy. The objectives were to study the various cutaneous changes of pregnancy and to know the proportion of these cutaneous manifestations in pregnant women
Methods: This study included 600 pregnant women attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a tertiary teaching hospital in Northern Kerala, India. Detailed history elicitation and complete physical and dermatological examination were performed. Skin biopsy was performed in relevant cases
Results: Cutaneous changes were seen in a majority of patients, of which physiological changes were the most common [99%]. The most common cutaneous manifestation was hyperpigmentation [526; 87.6%], followed by striae gravidarum [72.8%]. Other changes were vascular, including pedal edema [10%], pregnancy gingivitis [1.8%], and varicose veins [1%]. Infections were the common dermatological problem in this study group. The most common infections were vulvovaginal candidiasis [21%], Tinea versicolor [6%], scabies [2.8%], dermatophytosis [1.5%], and sexually transmitted infection [0.5%]. Specific dermatoses were seen in 12 cases [2%], with the most common being pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy [1.3%]