Relationship between father s emotional symptoms and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between father s emotional symptoms with offspring s emotional and behavioral problems, so as to provide reference for the prevention and intervention of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children.@*Methods@#Using the method of multi stage sampling, two kindergartens from each of the two counties, two districts and two development zones were selected from Hefei during February to April 2023. A total of 3 672 children aged 3 to 6 years old and their fathers were selected from 12 kindergartens. Fathers filled out the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and mothers filled out the Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ). Multivariate Logistic regression model was established to analyze the relationship between father s emotional symptoms and preschool children s emotional and behavioral problems.@*Results@#The detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children was 18.65%, and the detection rates of stress, anxiety and depression in fathers were 4.82%, 10.05% and 6.64%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed when fathers had negative emotions of stress, anxiety and depression, the detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems in their offspring was higher than children with father without negative emotion group ( OR =1.77-2.13, P <0.01). Father s stress symptoms were associated with increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems in boys, while father s anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems in boys and girls ( OR =1.45-2.69, P <0.05). Father s stress symptoms were associated with increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems in the first child, while father s anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems in the first child, second child and above ( OR =1.81-2.49, P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#Father s negative emotional symptoms are important factors affecting preschool children s emotional and behavioral problems. Early detection and targeted intervention of father s negative emotional symptoms are beneficial to the prevention and control of preschool children s emotional and behavioral problems.

Serum lymphocytes and cytokines: diagnostic value and influence on the immune status in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis / Linfócitos e citocinas séricas: valor diagnóstico e influência no estado imunológico de pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the absolute number of serum T lymphocytes and cytokine levels and the characteristics of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and to assess their effect on the immune status of these patients and their diagnostic and predictive value for tuberculosis. Methods: We included 1,069 patients with active tuberculosis, 51 patients with latent tuberculosis infection, and 600 health individuals. Absolute serum T-lymphocyte counts and cytokine levels were quantified. Results: T lymphocytes were significantly reduced in patients with active tuberculosis when compared with healthy individuals. The immune function of patients gradually decreased with age and was stronger in female patients than in males. Th1 cells expressed higher levels of cytokines than did Th2 cells. Logistic regression analysis showed that reduced CD3+ T, CD8+ T, and NK cell counts, as well as reduced IL-4 and IFN-g expression, were independent influencing factors for active tuberculosis. ROC analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity of absolute CD3+ T and CD8+ T lymphocyte counts and combined factors were significantly higher than were those of IL-4 and IFN-g for diagnosing active tuberculosis. Conclusions: Serum T-lymphocyte counts and cytokine levels can assess the immune status of tuberculosis patients; they are also useful biomarkers for predicting and diagnosing tuberculosis.

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar o número absoluto de linfócitos T séricos e os níveis de citocinas séricas, bem como as características, de pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar ativa e avaliar o efeito desses no estado imunológico desses pacientes e seu valor diagnóstico e preditivo para tuberculose. Métodos: Foram incluídos 1.069 pacientes com tuberculose ativa, 51 pacientes com tuberculose latente e 600 indivíduos saudáveis. Foram realizadas a contagem absoluta de linfócitos T séricos e a quantificação de citocinas séricas. Resultados: Os linfócitos T estavam significativamente reduzidos nos pacientes com tuberculose ativa em comparação com os indivíduos saudáveis. A função imunológica dos pacientes diminuiu gradativamente com a idade e mostrou-se mais forte nas mulheres do que nos homens. As células Th1 expressaram maiores níveis de citocinas do que as células Th2. A análise de regressão logística mostrou que contagens reduzidas de células T CD3+, T CD8+ e NK e expressão reduzida de IL-4 e IFN-g foram fatores de influência independentes para tuberculose ativa. A análise ROC mostrou que a sensibilidade e especificidade dos valores absolutos de linfócitos T CD3+ e T CD8+ e de fatores combinados foram significativamente maiores do que as da IL-4 e do IFN-g para o diagnóstico da tuberculose ativa. Conclusões: A contagem de linfócitos T séricos e os níveis de citocinas séricas podem avaliar o estado imunológico de pacientes com tuberculose; também são biomarcadores úteis na predição e diagnóstico da tuberculose.

Relationships between maternal adverse childhood experiences and autistic behaviors in preschool children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the prevalence of maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the association with autistic behavior of preschool children, to provide a basis for the effective prevention of autism occurrence in preschool children.@*Methods@#Through stratified cluster sampling, 3 655 preschool children in Hefei City were selected and surveyed regarding general information. Maternal ACEs and childhood autistic behaviors were assessed using the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire and the Clancy Autism Behaviour Scale, respectively. Multiple Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between maternal ACEs and child autistic behaviors.@*Results@#The prevalence of autistic behavior was 6.10%, with significantly higher in boys (7.22%) than girls(4.86%)( χ 2=8.85, P <0.01). After adjustment for the confounding factors, the detection rate of autistic behaviors was higher in children of mother with ACEs than those of mother without( OR=2.77, 95%CI=1.92-3.99, P <0.05). Maternal ACEs were associated with an increased risk of autistic behaviors both in preschool boys and girls (boys: OR=2.90, 95%CI =1.81-4.64; girls: OR=2.56, 95%CI =1.43-4.61, all P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Maternal ACEs are associated with increased risk of autistic behaviors among preschool children. More attention should be paid to the intergenerational effects of maternal ACEs to reduce risk of autism among preschool children.

Correlation between nutritional status and dietary behavior of college students in a medical college in Guangzhou / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To evaluate the nutritional status, food intake, eating behavior and physical activity level of college students in a medical college in Guangzhou, and to explore its association with dietary behavior.@*Methods@#A total of 263 students selected using stratified random sampling method from a medical college in Guangzhou were investigated by questionnaire from October to December in 2019. Chi square test and Wilcoxon test were used to analyze group differences. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze associated factors with thinness, overweight and obesity.@*Results@#The rate of thinness was 25.5%, and the rate of overweight and obesity was 11.8%. The intake of cereals, fruits, eggs, livestock, fried foods and carbonated drinks varied significantly by gender (U=3 278.00，5 224.50，5 981.00，6 663.00，5 460.00，3 873.00，P＜0.05). There was significant difference in total physical activity level in different grades (U=4 239.50，P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that egg intake was negatively correlated with emaciation (OR=0.20, P＜0.01). Picky eating and partial eating were positively correlated with emaciation (OR=2.96, P＜0.01). Eating fast was positively correlated with overweight and obesity (OR=5.35, P＜0.05).@*Conclusion@#The detection rate of malnutrition among college students in this college is relatively high, and dietary behavior is associated with thinness, overweight and obesity.

In vivo and in vitro study of co-expression of LMP1 and Cripto-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma / Estudo in vivo e in vitro da coexpressão de LMP1 e Cripto-1 em carcinoma nasofaríngeo

Abstract Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, an epithelial-derived malignant tumor which because of its anatomical location and atypical early symptoms, when diagnosed invasion and metastasis often have occurred. This requires a better understanding of the development mechanism, identifying diagnostic markers, and developing new treatment strategies. Objective: To study the relationship of LMP1 and Cripto-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: The expression of LMP1 and Cripto-1 in specimens obtained from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients (n = 42) and nasopharyngitis patients (n = 22) were examined. The expression of LMP1 and Cripto-1 in LMP1-negative and LMP1-positive (CNE1-LMP1) cells were also examined. Results: The expression of LMP1 and Cripto-1 was significantly higher in nasopharyngeal carcinoma than in nasopharyngitis (p < 0.05). Their expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma with metastasis were significantly higher than that without metastasis (p < 0.05), which was correlated with TNM staging (p < 0.05). High Cripto-1 expression and high proliferation rate were seen in CNE1-LMP1 cells. Conclusions: The expression of LMP1 and Cripto-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma is positively related. Their co-expression might contribute to the proliferation and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Resumo Introdução: O carcinoma nasofaríngeo é um tumor maligno derivado do epitélio de localização anatômica recôndita e sintomas iniciais atípicos; quando diagnosticado, frequentemente invasão e metástases já ocorreram. Isso requer uma melhor compreensão do seu mecanismo de desenvolvimento, identificação dos marcadores diagnósticos e desenvolvimento de novas estratégias de tratamento. Objetivo: Estudar a relação de LMP1 e Cripto-1 no carcinoma nasofaríngeo. Método: A expressão de LMP1 e Cripto-1 em espécimes obtidos de pacientes com carcinoma de nasofaringe (n = 42) e pacientes com nasofaringite (n = 22) foi analisada. A expressão de LMP1 e Cripto-1 em células LMP1-negativas e LMP1-positivas (CNE1-LMP1) também foi analisada. Resultados: A expressão de LMP1 e Cripto-1 foi significantemente maior na presença de carcinoma nasofaríngeo do que na nasofaringite (p < 0,05). Sua expressão em carcinomas com metástase foi significantemente maior do que em casos sem metástase (p < 0,05), o que se correlacionou com o estadiamento TNM (p < 0,05). Uma alta expressão de Cripto-1 e alta taxa de proliferação foram observadas nas células CNE1-LMP1. Conclusões: A expressão de LMP1 e Cripto-1 é positivamente relacionada com carcinoma nasofaríngeo. Sua coexpressão pode ser atribuída à proliferação e metástase do tumor.

Tumor shrinkage rate as a potential marker for the prediction of long-term outcome in advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Context: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) play an indispensable role in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), leading to a survival major breakthrough, but there remains no uniform standard for predicting the efficacy of TKI therapy. Aims: We retrospectively reviewed the use of EGFR-TKIs for advanced NSCLC between January 2009 and December 2017 in a hospital, which 169 patients who treated with first-line TKIs were enrolled. Subjects and Methods: Multiple clinical factors, including histology, age, and sex, were analyzed. We calculated the tumor shrinkage rate (TSR) by measuring the longest diameters of the main mass by computed tomography (CT) before TKI therapy and the first CT after TKI therapy. We evaluated overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after first-line TKI therapy, and we assessed factors predicting survival using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: Eligible patients were sorted into higher (n = 83) and lower (n = 86) TSR groups according to the mean TSR of 0.49%. The 83 patients with a higher TSR had longer PFS and OS than those in the 86 patients with a lower TSR (14.83 vs. 8.40 months, P < 0.001, and 31.03 vs. 20.10 months, P < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analyses revealed that TSR was an independent predictor of PFS and OS (PFS hazard ratio [HR]: 0.506, P < 0.001, and OS HR: 0.291, P < 0.001). Conclusions: These cumulative data support that TSR may be an early predictor of the treatment efficacy in NSCLC with EGFR mutations treated with first-line TKIs

Relationship between childhood abuse experience and non-suicidal self-injury in middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the relationship between childhood abuse experience and non-suicidal self-injury in middle school students, and gender differences of the relationship.@*Methods@#Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 14 500 middle school students from Shenzhen, Zhengzhou, Nanchang and Guiyang as participants. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on demographic indicators, childhood abuse experiences and non-suicidal self-injury, etc. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between childhood abuse experience and non-suicidal self-injury, and gender differences.@*Results@#The prevalence of NSSI was 9.5%,while it was higher among male students (10.7%) than female students(8.3%) (χ2=22.77，P<0.01). The rate of NSSI was higher with the increasing exposure of childhood abuse. High levels of multiple forms of childhood abuse had independent effects on NSSI among total samples after controlling for confounding factors (P<0.01). In middle school students with high levels of sexual abuse, emotional neglect and childhood abuse, females versus males had higher risk to have NSSI (P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Childhood abuse experiences were associated with increased risk of NSSI among middle school students, especially among girls. Groups at highest risk of NSSI in relation to certain types of childhood abuse should be targeted with interventions accordingly.

Progress in storage and clinical application of dental stem cells / 口腔疾病防治

@#Derived from the neural crest, dental stem cells (DSCs) are a population of cells with the characteristics of mesenchymal stem-ness, which under certain appropriate conditions can differentiate into multiple cells such as osteocytes, chondrocytes, hepatocyte and neuronal-like cells. DSCs are consist of odontogenic stem cells mainly include dental pulp stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, stem cells from deciduous teeth, stem cells from apical papilla, as well as dental follicle progenitor cells. DSCs have been widely used in the field of regenerative medicine research and preclinical research, including nervous system diseases, oral diseases, immune diseases, heart and lung diseases, etc. This review will focus on the storage of DSCs and current translational and clinical studies regarding DSCs in tissue regeneration.

Application of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in pulp regeneration / 口腔疾病防治

@#Electrospinning technology is currently the only technology capable of directly and continuously preparing polymer nanofibers. It can prepare a variety of nanofibers with different characteristics by using high voltage electrostatic field. These electrospun nanofibers have an inherently high porosity, high surface-to-volume ratio and good mechanical properties, allowing the engineering of scaffolds with a nanoscale topography and high porosity similar to that of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate cell attachment, migration, proliferation, differentiation and functional expression. Thus, electrospun nanofibers have been widely applied in tissue engineering for different purposes such as bone, cartilage, neural, vascular, and skin regeneration and are being developed for pulp regeneration. This review briefly describes the preparation process and biological characteristics of electrospun nanofibers; furthermore, the most recent and state-of-the-art work on electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, primarily their composition and structure in pulp tissue engineering, is introduced.

Phytoene Synthase Gene ( PSY ) from Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas Lam) Enhances Tolerance to Abiotic Stress

ABSTRACT Phytoene synthase (PSY) is the rate-limiting enzyme for carotenoid biosynthesis. To date, several studies focused on PSY genes in the context of abiotic stress responses. In this study, two phytoene synthase encoding genes, IbPSY1 and IbPSY2, were identified from a published transcriptome and bioinformatic analysis showed that they shared conserved domains with phytoene synthases from other plants. The IbPSY1 gene was cloned and carefully characterized. Digital gene expression profiling (DGE) showed that the highest transcription level of IbPSY1 was in young leaves, and the lowest level was in stems. In vivo expression levels of IbPSY1 under abiotic stress were observed to be highest in stems at day 11. Over-expression of IbPSY1 in Escherichia coli and yeast cells endowed the cells with better growth under salt and drought stress than the control cells. This study demonstrated that IbPSY1 not only played an important role in vivo, but also in E. coli and yeast to improve tolerance to salinity and drought stress. Thus, IbPSY1 may be aid in the development of transgenic plants with enhanced stress tolerance.

Clinical evaluation of retention strength of two different adhesive systems on glass fiber-reinforced posts / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To evaluate the clinical effect of two different resin cements on the glass fiber-reinforced posts.@*Methods @# One hundred and thirty-six teeth were randomly divided into two groups, with sixty-eight in each. Group A used Multilink N self-etch system and group B used RelyX Unicem self-adhesive system to bond fiber posts. Follow-up examinations took place at 6, 12 and 24 months after the placement. @*Results @#The success ratios of two groups were all 97% above and there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). @*Conclusion@#Multilink N self-etch system and RelyX Unicem self-adhesive system all have good effect on glass fiber-reinforced posts bonding.

Effects of L1-ORF2 fragments on green fluorescent protein gene expression

The retrotransposon known as long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) is 6 kb long, although most L1s in mammalian and other eukaryotic cells are truncated. L1 contains two open reading frames, ORF1 and ORF2, that code for an RNA-binding protein and a protein with endonuclease and reverse transcriptase activities, respectively. In this work, we examined the effects of full length L1-ORF2 and ORF2 fragments on green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) expression when inserted into the pEGFP-C1 vector downstream of GFP. All of the ORF2 fragments in sense orientation inhibited GFP expression more than when in antisense orientation, which suggests that small ORF2 fragments contribute to the distinct inhibitory effects of this ORF on gene expression. These results provide the first evidence that different 280-bp fragments have distinct effects on the termination of gene transcription, and that when inserted in the antisense direction, fragment 280-9 (the 3' end fragment of ORF2) induces premature termination of transcription that is consistent with the effect of ORF2.