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Objective @#To investigate the effects of N-cadherin silencing on the proliferation and migration of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and to provide experimental evidence for DPSCs-based dental pulp regeneration.@* Methods@# DPSCs were transfected with N-cadherin shRNA lentivirus, and the knockdown efficiency of N-cadherin at both the mRNA and protein levels was confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The experiment included a negative control group (shRNA -NC) and an N-cadherin shRNA silencing group. Cell proliferation was detected by the CCK-8 method. Cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry, and cell migration was detected using the Transwell method.@*Results@#N-cadherin shRNA significantly reduced the expression levels of N-cadherin mRNA and protein in DPSCs (P<0.001). The proliferation activity of the N-cadherin shRNA group was significantly greater than that of the shRNA-NC group on the 3rd and 4th days after cell inoculation and lower than that of the shRNA-NC group from the 6th to 8th days (P<0.05). On the 3rd day after cell inoculation, the proportion of cells in S phase and G2 phase in the N-cadherin shRNA group was greater than that in the shRNA-NC group (P<0.05). On the 6th day after cell inoculation, the proportion of cells in S phase and G2 phase in the N-cadherin shRNA group was lower than that in the shRNA-NC group (P<0.05), and the proportion of apoptotic cells in the N-cadherin shRNA group was greater than that in the shRNA-NC group (P<0.01). Low densities cells and high densities cells were inoculated into Transwell upper chamber for 20 h, the number of cells passing through the membrane pores of upper chamber in the N-cadherin shRNA group was greater than that in the shRNA-NC group (P<0.001).@*Conclusion@#Silencing N-cadherin expression can promote the early proliferation and migration of DPSCs.
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@#Vital pulp therapy aims to maintain healthy pulp tissue as much as possible to improve the long-term survival of teeth. It has limited indications and uncertain curative effects. The pathological changes in inflamed pulp are the histological basis for the determination of treatment strategies and the treatment outcome; however, pulp sensitivity testing cannot reflect the actual histological status of the pulp. With the development of basic and clinical research on vital pulp therapy, the innovation of modern diagnostic and therapeutic technology and capping material, vital pulp therapy can be used as a treatment of teeth on which it was previously thought pulpectomy was necessary. Based on the evidence-based literature, this paper analyzes and summarizes the pathological changes of pulpitis and clinical research on the treatment of pulpitis. Vital pulp therapy can be a treatment for mature teeth with carious exposure and symptoms of irreversible pulpitis if comprehensive applications, including laser Doppler flowmetry, tissue oxygen monitoring, magnetic resonance imaging and microscopy, are used to determine the degree of pulp retention and if infection control and the use of biocompatible capping material are emphasized. In the future, it will be necessary to improve the success rate of vital pulp therapy for the treatment of pulpitis through research on the mechanism of pulp repair and regeneration, the precise diagnosis of pulpitis, and the development of pulp capping materials.
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Objective@#To observe the permeability of four kinds of self-etching adhesives in aged glass-fiber-reinforced composite (GFRC).@*Methods@#After light polymerization following the manufacturers’ instructions, a total of 80 pieces of bisphenol-A-glycodal-methacrylate (Bis-GMA)+ polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based GFRC were randomly divided into two main groups: test group and control group, each group was then divided into four subgroups with 10 samples for each subgroup. While the test group was conducted to be aged through thermocycling at 5 ℃/55 ℃, the control group remained fresh. After the addition of a fluorescent dye (rhodamine-B-isothiocyanate), four self-etching adhesives AdperEasy One (AEO), S 3 BOND (S 3B), Tetric N-Bond Self-Etch (TNB), G-Bond (GB) were correspondently applied to the test and control groups and were light polymerized. Specimens were sectioned using hard tissue cutting and grinding system. Slices from each subgroup were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope, the depth of dye permeation (DDP) under the surface of GFRC in each group was measured and the Results were statistically analyzed.@*Results@#The DDP of AEO was the deepest (32.58 ± 6.06) μm, and that of TNB was the shallowest (6.19 ± 1.38)μm among the four self-etching adhesive subgroups in the control group. The order of each group was AEO > GB > S 3B > TNB. The DDP of the four subgroups in the test group was significantly shallower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The change in GB was the greatest (9.05 ± 2.35)μm/(28.93 ± 5.32)μm. In the test group, the DDP in AEO was the deepest (28.42 ± 5.32)μm, and the DDP in TNB was shallowest (1.93 ± 0.22)μm again. The order of each group was AEO > S 3B > GB > TNB. In the test group, while the layer of fluorescent dye of AEO and S 3 B could still be seen distinctly, that of TNB and GB was hard to recognize. @*The DDP of AEO was the deepest (32.58 ± 6.06) μm, and that of TNB was the shallowest (6.19 ± 1.38)μm among the four self-etching adhesive subgroups in the control group. The order of each group was AEO > GB > S 3B > TNB. The DDP of the four subgroups in the test group was significantly shallower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The change in GB was the greatest (9.05 ± 2.35)μm/(28.93 ± 5.32)μm. In the test group, the DDP in AEO was the deepest (28.42 ± 5.32)μm, and the DDP in TNB was shallowest (1.93 ± 0.22)μm again. The order of each group was AEO > S 3B > GB > TNB. In the test group, while the layer of fluorescent dye of AEO and S 3 B could still be seen distinctly, that of TNB and GB was hard to recognize. @#The self-etching adhesives of AEO and S 3 B still have good permeation effect in this kind of aged GFRC, which can help to establish a good bond between these aged GFRC and the subsequent repair of composite resin.
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Objective@#To observe the stress distribution according to a model of the bucco-occluso-lingual (BOL) inlay of mandibular first molar after restoration to provide a basis for the clinical treatment of cracked tooth with BOL inlay.@*Methods@#A three-dimensional finite element model of mandibular first molar was established by combining micro-CT scanning technology with Mimics, UG, Ansys and Midas-FEA software. Based on this model, a BOL inlay restoration model was established. The material parameter of inlay IPS e.max CAD was given, and a Von-mises stress distribution nephogram under the same loading condition was obtained. The results of the stress distribution in each model were compared.@*Results @#The stress of intact teeth is mainly concentrated in the central fissure of the occlusal surface at the crown. The stress of the cavity after BOL inlay restoration is mainly concentrated in the mesial and distal walls of the cavity, the axial-pulpal line angle and the gingival wall. The stress of the inlay is mainly distributed at the bottom of the inlay, axial wall and the gingival wall.@*Conclusion@#BOL inlay restoration change the stress distribution in the complete dental model, which relieves the stress concentration in the fossa and groove of the occlusal surface and can play an active role in the treatment of cracked tooth.
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@#Tooth defects due to dental caries, trauma, abrasion, etc., are extremely common and can be treated by direct or indirect restoration. Compared with resin directly filling the body, an inlay can better restore the occlusal contact relationship and the adjacent surface contact relationship and has good mechanical properties. In recent years, with the development of ceramic materials and bonding systems and the popularity of chairside CAD/CAM technology, the chairside CAD/CAM porcelain inlay restoration program has been well received by doctors and patients because of its accuracy, convenience, aesthetics, hardness and stability, and this program is widely used clinically. This review covers the research status of various aspects such as indications and contraindications for chairside CAD/CAM inlay restoration, pre-restoration preparation, tooth preparation, hole type, impression taking and design, porcelain block selection, bonding, polishing, postoperative doctor’s instructions, and common postoperative complications. It is expected to provide a reference for the clinical application of and research on chairside CAD/CAM inlay restoration technology.
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Objective@#To explore methods using modified tissue enzymatic separations for culturing primary hDPSCs in vitro and further identify the cells produced. @*Methods @#Primary hDPSCs were cultured using the modified tissue enzymatic separation method, and cells were identified by morphology, cell surface markers, and differentiation potential and evaluated using flow cytometry and growth curves.@*Results @#The hDPSCs were successfully isolated using the modified tissue enzymatic separation method. The morphology of these cells was similar to that of fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells, and the growth curve was "S" -type. The results of cell phenotype analysis indicated that the cells were positive for surface markers of mesenchymal stem cells, including CD29, CD44, and CD90, and negative for markers of hematopoietic stem cells, including CD34, CD45, and CD106. The cells were capable of differentiating into multiple cell types.@*Conclusion @# The modified tissue enzymatic separation method can successful be used to culture primary hDPSCs in vitro.
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Objective @# To investigate the short-term clinical effect of semiconductor laser exposure combined with total glucosides of paeony (TGP) capsules for the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (OLP).@*Methods@#Sixty-four patients with erosive oral lichen planus were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. Patients in the control group were treated with TGP capsules, while patients in the experimental group were treated with TGP capsules and semiconductor laser irradiation. The clinical effects were evaluated 3 months after treatment. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 17.0 software package.@*Results @#Three months after treatment, the effective rate in the experimental group was 90.6%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (59.4%, χ 2=5.62, P < 0.05). The physical condition and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores in the experimental group were 2.17 ± 1.49 and 1.25 ± 1.29, respectively. The physical condition and VAS scores in the control group were 3.55 ± 1.41 and 2.09 ± 1.24, respectively. The physical condition and VAS scores in both groups were significantly higher after treatment than before (P < 0.05). Three months after treatment, the physical condition score (t=3.805) and VAS score (t=2.655) in the experimental group were significant higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05).@*Conclusion@#Semiconductor laser irradiation combined with TGP capsules can improve the short-term clinical efficacy in the treatment of erosive OLP.
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@#Minimally invasive root canal therapy should be defined as a discipline which adhere to a concept of preserving the healthy tooth structure as much as possible during all the root canal therapy procedure. In the past 15 years, the concept of minimally invasive has spread and developed fast throughout the diagnosis and treatment of endodontics, which made the root canal therapy (RCT) procedure safer, more accurate and efficient. Minimally invasive endodontics rely on the development of various kinds of therapeutic devices and materials, including the 3D image auxiliary equipment, operation microscope, the NiTi instrument systems and the disinfection and obturation material. Minimally invasive endodontics is a therapeutic concept of the modern root canal therapy which redefined the standard of what a successful RCT is.
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Objective @#To investigate the current status of caries on permanent teeth in a population of 55-74-year-old in Guangdong Province, thus to provide scientific basis for the establishment of oral health care policies in Guangdong. @*Methods@#An equal-sized stratified multi-stage randomly sampling design was applied to obtain representative sample groups consisted of 288 Guangdong residents each, aged at either 55-64 or 65-74 years old, with a gender ratio of half to half. The caries on the crowns and roots of permanent teeth were assessed according to "The Guideline for the 4th National Oral Health Survey"; thereafter the prevalence and mean DFT (decayed and filled tooth) of permanent teeth were calculated. @*Results @#In the population of 55-64-year-old, the prevalence of crown caries was 77.08%, with a mean DFT of 2.94, and a filled rate of 21.87%; while the prevalence of root caries was 59.38%, with a mean DFT of 1.82, and a filled rate of 9.18%; and the prevalence of residual roots was 46.18%. In the population of 65-74-year-old, the prevalence of crown caries was 81.25%, with a mean DFT of 3.45, and a filled rate of 16.40%; while the prevalence of root caries was 63.19%, with a mean DFT of 2.34, and a filled rate of 9.18%; and the prevalence of residual roots was 50.35%. In the population of 55-64-year-old, the prevalence and the mean DFT of crown caries were higher in female when compared to male. And the mean DFT of root caries were higher in countryside when compared to the urban opponents. In the population of 65-74-year-old, the female had higher mean DFT score in crown caries than that in male. And the prevalence of caries of root and mean DFT of root caries were higher in countryside than that in the urban opponents.@*Conclusion@#There was a high level of crown and root caries in Guangdong adults, while the filling rate was low, most of the involved teeth were not filled.