RESUMEN
CT is an important imaging tool for the diagnosis of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), therefore, it′s necessary to strictly control the disinfection of CT workplace and equipment and biosafety to avoid the place from becoming a potential infection source and to reduce the risk of infection of patients and radiological staff. It is also necessary to reduce the CT scan dose to minimize the radiation hazards on patients under the premise of ensuring the CT image quality and diagnostic efficiency. Based on the survey that novel coronavirus residues after disinfection at some CT workplace in domestic and overseas and the application of low-dose CT scan in diagnosis of COVID-19, as well as the current situation of radiological protection management in emergency hospital, this paper summarizes and proposes suggestions on infection control and radiological protection for CT workplace to strengthen the defense line of COVID-19 prevention and control.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the genotoxicity of naproxen (NPX) impurities acetylnerolin (Ace). METHODS The genotoxicity of Ace was predicted by ADMET, Derek and Sarah with the quanti?tative structure-activity relationship (QSAR). The chromosomal aberration and bacterial reverse-muta?tion (Ames) tests were performed to verify the above results. In chromosomal aberration tests, CHL cells were incubated with Ace 10, 20 and 40 mg · L-1 for 4 h in the presence or absence of metabolic activation system solution (S9 mix). Methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) 20 mL · L-1 without S9 mix and cyclophosphamide (CP) 12 mg · L-1 with S9 mix served as positive control. The number of chromo?somes in each aberrant metaphase (including fissure, exchange, ring, break and polyploid) was counted and recorded, when the distortion rate less than 5％was considered negative and more than 10％was considered positive. In Ames test, the potential mutagenicity was evaluated using five strains of S. typhimurium ( TA97,TA98,TA100,TA102 and TA1535). They were treated with Ace 5, 25, 125 and 625μg per plate with or without S9 mix and incubated for 48-72 h. When without S9 mix, Dexon 50μg per plate served as positive control for TA97 and TA98, MMS 2.0μL per plate served as positive control for TA100 and TA102, and sodium azide 1.5μg per plate served as positive control for TA1535. When with S9 mix, 2-AF 100 μg per plate served as positive control for TA97, TA98 and TA100, 1, 8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (100μg per plate) served as positive control for TA102 and CP 50μg per plate served as positive control for TA1525. When the number of colonies was at least two-fold that of the negative control, the compound was considered mutagenic. RESULTS Although the Derek and Sarah software predicted that the NPX impurities were not genotoxic, ADMET data showed that Ace could induce chromosomal aberrations. The distortion rate of Ace 40 mg · L-1 was greater than 5％, but less than 10％. The distortion rate of Ace was less than 5％when<20 mg·L-1. Consistent with the results of ADMET, Ace might induce chromosomal aberrations. Ames test results showed that Ace did not signifi?cantly increase the number of bacteria (5-625μg per plate) compared with the negative control. Contrary to the ADMET results, Ace had no mutagenicity. CONCLUSION Ace has potential chromosomal muta?genicity. For life-long usage of NPX, the content of Ace should be reduced from 0.15％of conventional impurities to 0.015％.
RESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the effect of fast-track surgery on perioperative nursing care for patients with abdominal surgery. Methods Using FTS and perioperative nursing as keywords, relevant literature was retrieved from the CNKI, Wanfang Med, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases. Articles including patients who underwent abdominal surgery as the research subjects were screened and analyzed with RevMan 5.3. Results Seven articles were included, covering 288 experimental cases and 290 control cases. Patients with FTS nursing had a higher satisfaction with nursing(P<0.05), shorter postoperative hospital stay(Z=6.71,P<0.05), shorter postoperative anal exhaust time(Z=9.08,P<0.05), and lower incidence of postoperative incision infection(Z=2.65,P=0.05),Hospitalization costs were also reduced(Z=11.75,P<0.05). The incidence of complications, including postoperative abdominal infection, anastomotic fistula, intestinal obstruction, and lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, did not increase. Conclusions FTS nursing can improve the satisfaction of patients with abdominal surgery and reduce their hospitalization expenses and recovery time these results indicate that FTS is a safe and feasible nursing measure.