RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) and antimicrobial use in a psychiatric hospital.Methods The annual cross-sectional survey on HAI among all hospitalized psychiatric patients from 0:00 to 24:00 of June 20, 2012-2015 were conducted, HAI during 4 years were analyzed.Results A total of 2 584 hospitalized patients were surveyed, 47 patients had 48 episodes of HAI, the prevalence rate and case prevalence rate of HAI were 1.82% and 1.86% respectively;prevalence rates in 2012-2015 were 2.09%, 1.56%, 1.48%, and 2.11% respectively(x2=1.23, P=0.75).The top three departments of high prevalence rates were male section of medical rescue department(3.80%), male section of acute intervention department(3.31%), and department of geriatric psychiatry(2.78%).The top three infection sites were upper respiratory tract (31.91%), lower respiratory tract (29.79%), and gastrointestinal tract(14.89%);28 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, the top three pathogens were Escherichia coli (28.58%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.86%), and Staphylococcus aureus (14.29%);antimicrobial use rates in 2012-2015 were 10.91%, 5.78%, 5.41%, and 5.06% respectively, which decreased year by year(x2=23.13,P<0.01).Conclusion Prevalence rates of HAI in four consecutive years maintained a low level in this hospital, antimicrobial usage rates decreased year by year.