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Objective The contents of 11 nucleosides and base components in 10 batches of samples from 5 provinces(cities)including Chongqing,Yunnan and Shaanxi were determined,and the differences in nucleosides and base components in Fritillaria taipaiensis were compared by chemometric analysis,and the quality was comprehensively evaluated,so as to provide a reference for the cultivation of excellent varieties and the selection of medicinal materials.Methods Nucleoside and base components were extracted from Fritillaria taipaiensis by ultrasonication in aqueous solutions,and the content of each component was determined by HPLC-DAD method.The origin was classified by principal component analysis(PCA)and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA).Partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)was used to determine the differentiated index components in Fritillaria taipaiensis.Then the differences in the contents of the index components among samples from different origins were compared.Results It was found that 11 nucleoside and base components differed significantly among different origins of Fritillaria taipaiensis.Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that all samples could be clustered into 4 categories.Five characteristic components,including uracil,cytosine,uridine,inosine,and adenosine,were identified by PLS-DA.The nucleosides and bases in samples from Chongqing and Hubei were relatively high,and the quality of the samples was comparatively superior.Conclusion This method is simple,reproducible,accurate and reliable.It has screened out the index nucleoside and base components in the identification of Fritillaria taipaiensis of different origins,which can be used to initially elucidate the differences of samples between different origins.Additionally,it can better reflect the quality of Fritillaria taipaiensis,and can provide reference for the selection of procurement origin and the quality control for Fritillaria taipaiensis.
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Based on the method of regulating qi and resolving toxins， this paper discussed the core pathogenesis of “inflammation-cancer” transformation of ulcerative colitis. It is believed that the disorder of qi movement， endogenous pathogenic factors of “heat， stasis and dampness” are cemented in the large intestine， and the pathogenic factors are too excessive to be solved， which will become toxic after a long time and lead to cancerous changes. Clinical prevention and treatment applies the method of regulating qi and resolving toxins， and the method of regulating qi was proposed as clearing internal qi， regulating blood qi and strengthening spleen qi， so as to clear heat， dissipate blood stasis and dissolve dampness； different methods of regulating qi and resolving toxins were flexibly combined according to the pathogenic characteristics of different stages of toxicity， in order to interrupt the process of “inflammation-cancer” transformation of ulcerative colitis.
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Objective:To study the antibacterial properties and in vivo and vitro biocompatibility of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings, and to evaluate their wound healing promoting effect through clinical application.Methods:We evaluated the comprehensive antibacterial performance of dressings in vitro using plate counting method; After co culturing the extract of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings with epidermal cells (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (NIH-3T3), their in-vitro biocompatibility was determined through the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) test; Further, Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing was applied to the wound surface of diabetes mice to test the biocompatibility of the material in vivo; Through a prospective randomized controlled trial, 50 burn and trauma patients admitted to the Burn and Plastic Surgery Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were selected and divided into an observation group of 25 patients and a control group of 25 patients. The observation group was treated with Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing, and the control group was treated with silver nanoparticle antibacterial dressing. The wound healing time and wound treatment effect of the two groups were compared.Results:The Cu 2+ release concentration of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was 1.3 μ g/ml, which had the effect of promoting the proliferation of HaCaT and NIH-3T3 cells (all P<0.05). The antibacterial rate of Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing against pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus reached 100%. The wound healing rate [(87.39±1.83)%] of diabetes mice treated with Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing was significantly higher than that of the control group [(58.66±3.54)%, P<0.05]. The inflammatory response of the wound tissue was relatively mild and the wound margin matrix was intact. The wound healing time of 25 patients treated with Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressing [(23.52±10.02)d] was shorter than that of the control group [(40.84±21.22)d] ( t=17.159, P<0.001), and the overall treatment response rate of patients (96%) was significantly higher than that of the control group patients (64%) (χ 2=8.472, P=0.015). Conclusions:Cu-Fe-Zn alloy microfilament dressings have good antibacterial properties and biocompatibility, and have significant therapeutic effects on promoting wound healing. They not only effectively promote wound healing but also exert anti infection effects, and are expected to be a new type of wound repair dressing.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous vertebral-disc plasty (PVDP) in the treatment of very severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (vsOVCF).Methods:A total of 26 patients with vsOVCF were treated by PVDP at Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University from November 2019 to August 2021. They were 8 males and 18 females with an age of (77.9±5.2) years. Fracture sites: T11 in 9 cases, T12 in 13 cases, L1 in 7 cases, and L2 in 2 cases. The loss of vertebral height exceeded 2/3 of its original height. The curative effects were evaluated by comparing the visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and local kyphosis angle (LKA) at preoperation, 1 day postoperation and the last follow-up.Results:This cohort was followed up for 12(10, 15) months. No obvious neurological damage or other serious complications occurred. The VAS scores [(2.9±0.7) and (2.2±0.7) points] and ODIs [28.0%±4.8% and 16.9%±4.0%] at 1 day postoperation and the final follow-up were significantly lower than the preoperative values respectively [(6.7±0.8) points and 66.7%±6.0%], and the values at the last follow-up were significantly lower than those at 1 day postoperation ( P<0.05). The LKAs at 1 day postoperation and the last follow-up (18.1°±4.1° and 19.5°±4.4°) were significantly smaller than that before operation (32.0°±5.2°) ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between 1 day postoperation and the last follow-up in LKA ( P>0.05). Conclusion:PVDP is an effective surgical treatment of vsOVCF, because it can relieve pain and improve local kyphosis with satisfactory clinical outcomes.
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Objective:To establish an antimony cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method for determination of iodine in water (referred to as the new method).Methods:Using the fading reaction principle of iodine catalyzed kinetics of antimony cerium to determine the iodine content in water. Methodological evaluations were conducted on the linear relationship, quantitative detection limit, precision, and accuracy (determination of national water iodine first level standard substances GBW09113f, GBW09114f, and addition recovery experiments) of the new method within the range of 0 to 100 μg/L iodine mass concentration. And the method was compared with the determination results of water iodine by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry recommended by the national iodine reference laboratory (NRL).Results:Within the range of 0 - 100 μg/L iodine mass concentration, the curve correlation coefficient of the new method was greater, and | r| > 0.999 0, and the quantitative detection limit was 0.15 μg/L (the sampling volume was 1 ml), the relative standard deviation of the detection precision of water samples with low, medium and high iodine mass concentrations were less than 2%. The new method had determined the average values of national water iodine first level standard substances GBW09113f and GBW09114f were 8.32 and 54.54 μg/L, respectively, all within the standard value range. The recovery range of standard addition was 92.6% - 99.2%, and the total average recovery was 96.4%. Compared with the NRL recommended method, the difference was not statistically significant ( t = 0.99, P > 0.05). Conclusion:The new method does not require the use of highly toxic substance arsenic trioxide, has high reaction sensitivity and accuracy, and is suitable for the promotion and use of water iodine detection.
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Objective:To study the application of ammonium cerium sulfate spectrophotometry for determination of iodide in water.Methods:Ammonium cerium sulfate spectrophotometry was used to determine the iodine content of tap water and source water in the range of 0 - 20 and 0 - 200 μg/L iodine concentration. The effect of the method was verified in terms of linear range, detection limit, precision and accuracy.Results:In the range of 0 - 20 and 0 - 200 μg/L iodine concentration, the absolute values of linear correlation coefficients were > 0.999 0; the detection limits were 0.18 and 1.02 μg/L, respectively; the coefficient of variation of low, medium and high iodine concentrations in tap water and source water was less than 5%. In the range of 0 - 20 μg/L iodine concentration, the spiked recovery rates of tap water and source water were 90.33% - 110.46% and 92.21% - 102.82%, respectively; in the range of 0 - 200 μg/L iodine concentration, the spiked recovery rates of tap water and source water were 90.14% - 102.62% and 91.36% - 106.18%, respectively. The national first level standard materials GBW09113g and GBW09114g were tested, and the results of water iodine determination were within the given range of the standard materials.Conclusion:Ammonium cerium sulfate spectrophotometry has a wide linear range, high accuracy, and good precision, making it suitable for widespread application in grassroots areas.
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ObjectiveTo verify the efficacy of steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide in regulating the intestinal flora of young dysbiosis-induced diarrhea rats based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. MethodThe young SD rats were randomly divided into blank group，model group，positive drug group （bifid triple viable capsules），and high-dose and low-dose steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide groups，six in each group. The dysbiosis-induced diarrhea rat model was established，and the blank group and the model group were given normal saline by gavage （each 10 mL·kg-1），and the high-dose and low-dose steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide groups were administered with corresponding drugs （500 mg·kg-1 and 250 mg·kg-1， respectively） ，once a day for seven consecutive days. The loose stool rate，loose stool grade，diarrhea index，small intestine propulsion rate and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining were used as indexes to investigate the effect of steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide on improving diarrhea symptoms in young rats. The feces of rats were collected for 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. ResultCompared with the model group， the positive drug group and the high-dose and low-dose steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide groups had alleviated symptoms， down-regulated loose stool rate and diarrhea index （P<0.01） and decreased small intestine advancement rate （P<0.05）. HE staining showed that after the treatment with steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide，the inflammatory cell infiltration of the colon tissue was improved and the intestinal gland recovered to the normal condition，which indicated that steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide could significantly ameliorate the diarrhea in young rats. The sequencing results revealed that steamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide had a moderating effect on the abundance of the intestinal flora of young dysbiosis-induced diarrhea rats，elevating the flora richness and diversity indexes. Specifically， the abundance of Bacteroidota was increased while that of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria was decreased. ConclusionSteamed Allii Sativi Bulbus polysaccharide can be used to treat dysbiosis-induced diarrhea in young rats by regulating the abundance of intestinal microbiota.
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OBJECTIVE To study the quality grade stand ard of the premature Forsythia suspensa . METHODS A total of 138 batches of premature F. suspensa were collected from the main producing areas of F. suspensa in China. According to 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia ，the contents of impurities ，moisture，ethanol-soluble extract ，volatile oil ，forsythin and forsythoside A in the premature F. suspense were determined ，and the qualified samples were screened. AHP-PCA mixed weighting method was used to give comprehensive weight to the indicators （except for the limit of impurity ）. The comprehensive score of the samples was calculated. The suggestions on the quality grade division of premature F. suspensa were put forward according to cluster analysis of K-mean value. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The contents of impurities ，moisture，ethanol-soluble extract ，volatile oil ，forsythin and forsythoside A in the premature F. suspense were 0-7.80％，1.60％-8.18％，13.13％-61.60％，0.21％-3.47％，0.02％-2.15％ and 0.79％-14.04％，respectively；average contents of them were 1.24％，4.97％，34.88％，2.01％，0.42％，6.86％，respectively. Totally 47 batches of 138 batches were qualified in all indexes. It is suggested that the quality grade of the premature F. suspense can be divided into three grades ：in first grade of F. suspense ，the contents of volatile oil ，forsythin，forsythoside A ， ethanol-soluble extract and moisture were ≥2.40％，≥0.59％，≥8.34％，≥38.66％ and ≤4.99％，respectively；in second grade of F. suspense ，the contents of above indicators were ≥2.26％，≥0.41％，≥7.47％，≥32.58％ and ≤5.33％，respectively；in third grade of F. suspense ，the contents of above indicators were ≥2.15％，≥0.32％，≥4.60％，≥31.52％ and≤7.23％，respectively.
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OBJECTIVE To explore the difference in th e mechanis m of baicalein and wogonin inhibiting the energy metabolism of hepatoma cells. METHODS Human hepatoma HepG 2 cells were divided into blank control group （without medicine），different dose groups of baicalein and wogonin （1.25，2.5，5，10 and 20 μmol/L）. The effects of baicalein and wogonin on the viability of HepG 2 cells were detected by MTT assay. HepG 2 cells were divided into blank control group （without medicine），baicalein group and wogonin group. After administration ，the concentration of ATP in cell was detected by enhanced ATP kit. The levels of cell glycolysis and mitochondrial energy metabolism were evaluated by glycolysis and mitochondrial pressure test kit ；the affinity of baicalein and wogonin with key enzymes of energy metabolism was predicted by molecular docking ，and the key enzymes of energy metabolism with high affinity were screened ；the expression of key enzymes of energy metabolism was detected by Western blot. RESULTS Within the dose range of 2.5-20 μmol/L，the half inhibitory concentrations of baicalein and wogonin were 12.84 and 24.09 μmol/L；baicalein 1.25 μmol/L and wogonin 2.5 μmol/L had no effect on cell viability ，so it was selected as the dosage for subsequent experiments. Compared with blank control group ，the concentration of ATP in HepG 2 cells decreased significantly in baicalein group and wogonin group （P＜0.05）；the inhibitory effects on basic acidification rate of HepG 2 cells in wogonin group were significantly stronger than those of baicalein group （P＜0.05），but there was no significant difference between them on the basic oxygen consumption rate （P＞0.05）；baicalein had strong binding to pyruvate kinase M 2 and mitochondrial enzyme complexes Ⅰ（CⅠ），C Ⅱ and C Ⅳ，while wogonin only had strong binding to pyruvate kinase M 2； wogonin could significantly down-regulate the protein expressions of hexokinase ，phosphofructokinase，pyruvate kinase M 2，CⅠ， C Ⅱ and C Ⅳ（P＜0.05），but there was no statistical significance in the effect of baicalein on the regulation of these enzymes （P＞ 0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Both baicalein and wogonin can inhibit the energy metabolism of hepatoma HepG 2 cells，but the mechanism is different ：the effect of baicalein is related to the activity of key enzymes ，while the effect of wogonin is related to the inhibition of the expression of key enzymes of energy metabolism.
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Objective:To establish a hydride generation atomic fluorescence method using ammonium persulfate as the digestion reagent for determination of arsenic in urine (hereinafter referred to as this method).Methods:The collected urine samples with ammonium persulfate were heated and digested on the tubular electric heating automatic control constant temperature digester (60 holes), with 5% hydrochloric acid solution as reaction medium and current carrier and 1.5% potassium borohydride solution as reducing agent. Arsenic content was determined with a four-channel atomic fluorescence spectrometer. The arsenic standard solution of 0 - 10 μg/L was prepared to determine the standard curve of this method, and the method was evaluated from the detection limit, linear range, correlation coefficient, precision, standard addition recovery experiment, and urine arsenic quality control sample detection. The standard method "Determination of Arsenic in Urine by Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry" (WS/T 474-2015, referred to as the standard method) was used for comparison experiments.Results:When the sampling volume was 1 ml, the detection limit of this method (digest with 1 ml 1.5 mol/L ammonium persulfate) was 0.03 μg/L. In the range of arsenic content from 0 - 10 μg/L, the linear relationship between arsenic content and fluorescence intensity was good, and the correlation coefficients ( r) were all 0.999 9. The relative standard deviations( RSD) of the three replicates of urine samples with different concentrations were 1.00%, 0.89% and 0.49%, respectively. Urine arsenic quality control samples were tested, and the test results were all within the range of public values; the overall average recovery was 102.29%, and the recovery range was 92.10% - 108.15%. Compared with the standard method in the determination results of 20 urine samples, the difference was not statistically significant ( t = - 0.40, P > 0.05). Conclusions:The hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry using ammonium persulfate as digestion reagent for the determination of arsenic in urine has the advantages of low detection limit, good precision, high accuracy, small amount of sampling and digestion reagent, simple operation, and less harmful gas generation in sample pretreatment. It is suitable for rapid determination of arsenic in urine in large quantities.
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Pruni Semen,the seed of several unique Prunus plants,is a traditional purgative herbal material.To determine the authentic sources of Pruni Semen,46 samples from four species were collected and analyzed.Ten compounds including multiflorin A(Mul A),a notable purative compound,were isolated and identified by chemical separation and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Seventy-six communal components were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with linear ion trap-quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry,and acetyl flavonoid glycosides were recognized as characteristic constituents.The flavonoids were distributed in the seed coat and cyanogenic glycosides in the kernel.Based on this,methods for identifying Pruni Semen from different sources were established using chemical fingerprinting,quantitative analysis of the eight principal compounds,hierarchical cluster analysis,principal component analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.The results showed that the samples were divided into two categories:one is the small seeds from Prunus humilis(Ph)and Prunus japonica(Pj),and the other is the big seeds from Prunus pedunculata(Pp)and Prunus triloba(Pt).The average content of Mul A was 3.02.6.93,0.40,and 0.29 mg/g,while the average content of amygdalin was 18.5,17.7,31.5,and 30.9 mg/g in Ph,Pj,Pp,and Pt,respectively.All the above information suggests that small seeds might be superior sources of Pruni Semen.This is the first comprehensive report on the identification of chemical components in Pruni Semen from different species.
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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a class of cells with self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenic potential in tumors. It is currently believed that the resistance of CSCs to chemotherapy and radiotherapy is an important cause of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Researchers have found that related factors in many signaling pathways endow CSCs with the ability to adapt to changes in the microenvironment, including inflammatory factors, hypoxia, low pH, and a lack of nutrients. In recent years, the mechanism of CSCs' resistance to therapy has been studied, mainly including the drug efflux mediated by the ATP-binding cassette transporter, the effect of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) activity on tumor stem cells, the enhancement of DNA damage repair and degradation of reactive oxygen species, autophagy, activation of development-related pathways, stimulation of the microenvironment, and EMT. The targeting strategies for CSCs include targeting signaling pathway inhibitors, targeting multidrug resistance, DNA damage repair, ALDH, targeting the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy, etc. In this review, the research progress in CSCs treatment resistance and related treatment strategies was reviewed.
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Breast cancer, as a heterogeneous disease, has different molecular subtypes. The most common molecular subtype is hormone receptor positive (HR +). Endocrine therapy is the predominant treatment for this subtype. The main treatment modality for HR +/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 -) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is novel targeted agents combined with endocrine therapy. In this review, researches in endocrine clinical treatment of HR +/HER2 - MBC was reviewed to provide a new targeted therapy, including CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy, the debate between CDK4/6 inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy and chemotherapy, new directions of CDK4/6 inhibitor combination, exploration of multiple treatment strategies after CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy progresses, histone deacetylase inhibitor combined with endocrine therapy, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway targeting drugs in combination with endocrine therapy, polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for gBRCA1/2 mutated breast cancer, novel targeted drugs, and multi-target/multi-combination therapy model.
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@#Polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles were prepared as a carrier, and bavachinin (BVA) was efficiently loaded by physical adsorption.The erythrocyte membrane was further utilized to modify and construct the erythrocyte membrane biomimetic nanoparticles (RBC-BP), the residence time in the body was extended and the in vivo analytical method was established to investigate their pharmacokinetics in mice.Polydopamine nanoparticles loaded with BVA (BP) were prepared by solvent replacement method, and the influencing factors of PDA loaded with BVA were investigated with the adsorption rate as the evaluation index.The erythrocyte membrane was extracted and separated, and RBC-BP was prepared by incubation coextrusion method. The effects of pH value on membrane coating and the extrusion times on the particle size and uniformity of RBC-BP were investigated.The particle size, potential, morphology, and cumulative release rate of RBC-BP were systematically characterized, and their pharmacokinetics in mice were preliminarily explored.The results showed that the adsorption rate of BP was as high as (92.08 ± 0.17) % and the drug loading rate was (42.05 ± 2.95) % at the PDA to BVA ratio of 1∶0.5, the solution pH value of 7, the incubation time of 6 h, and the incubation temperature of 20 °C, and that the erythrocyte membrane could be successfully oriented and coated on the surface of BP by the action of electric charge at the pH value of 4. The in vitro studies showed that RBC-BP has the apparent core-shell structure with the particle size of (308.63 ± 6.56) nm and good stability, and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed that RBC-BP can significantly extend the circulation time of nanoparticles in vivo.
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Objective:To understand the knowledge and behavior changes of pregnant women on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) prevention and treatment in iodine deficiency areas in Anhui Province before and after the implementation of the intervention measures, and to provide a scientific basis for pregnant women's iodine nutrition improvement.Methods:From March to December 2018, from Lujiang County, an iodine deficiency area in Anhui Province, Lucheng and Nihe towns were selected as the survey sites. Relying on the township health centers, pregnant women in early pregnancy (≤12 weeks) were selected as the survey subjects, and long-term follow-up was conducted. The edible salt samples of pregnant women in early pregnancy were collected and salt iodine content was detected by direct titration method. The urine samples of pregnant women in the morning in early, middle (13 - 28 weeks) and late pregnancies (≥29 weeks) were collected, urinary iodine content was determined by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry. Baseline questionnaire survey was conducted for pregnant women in early pregnancy, mainly including basic information, IDD prevention and treatment knowledge (pregnant women prone to iodine deficiency, the harm of iodine deficiency in pregnant women, suitable iodine supplement methods for pregnant women and foods with high iodine content), and the consumption frequency of iodine-rich foods. After the baseline survey, the knowledge publicity on IDD prevention and treatment was carried out in townships, and iodine-rich foods such as kelp and laver were recommended to supplement iodine. The intervention activities lasted for 6 months, and retrospective questionnaire survey was conducted on pregnant women in late pregnancy.Results:A total of 128 edible salt samples were collected from the families of pregnant women in early pregnancy, and the median salt iodine was 21.5 mg/kg. The iodized salt coverage rate was 99.2% (127/128), the qualified rate of iodized salt was 98.4% (125/127), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 97.7% (125/128). A total of 129, 95 and 70 urine samples were collected from pregnant women in early, middle and late pregnancies, the medians urinary iodine were 179.0, 185.5 and 189.7 μg/L, respectively, all of which were at the appropriate iodine level. The total awareness rates of IDD prevention and treatment before and after intervention were 22.4% (28/125) and 64.6% (82/127), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 45.538, P < 0.01). Compared with the awareness rates before the intervention, the awareness rates of the harm of iodine deficiency in pregnant women, suitable iodine supplement methods for pregnant women and foods with high iodine content were all higher after the intervention ( P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the frequency of eating kelp, laver and other iodine-rich foods among pregnant women in early, middle and late pregnancies (χ 2 = 163.170, 102.373, P < 0.01). Before the intervention, 57 (45.2%) pregnant women had not eaten kelp, which decreased to 1 (0.8%) pregnant woman after the intervention. Before the intervention, 72 (57.1%) pregnant women had not eaten laver and other iodine-rich foods, which decreased to 7 (5.5%) pregnant women after the intervention. Conclusions:After the intervention, the awareness rate of IDD prevention and treatment knowledge and the frequency and proportion of iodine-rich foods consumption among pregnant women in iodine deficiency areas in Anhui Province have increased significantly. It is recommended to carry out publicity and education on IDD prevention and treatment knowledge in early pregnancy.
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Objective:To observe the protective effects of Clostridium butyricum and butyrate on pancreas, liver and intestinal mucosa in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP), and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods:Forty Sprage-dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, ANP group，Clostridium butyricum treated group(CB group) and butyrate treated group(SB group), with 10 rats in each group by random number method. The ANP rat models were prepared by retrograde injection of sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct. Rats in CB and SB group were given intragastic administration of Clostridium butyricum 1×10 9 CFU or sodium butyrate (100 mg/kg) in 10 days once a day before modeling. Serum amylase (SAMY), lypase, ALT, AST, TBil, tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α), IL-6 and HMGB1were measured after 24 h. Protein from intestinal mucosa was extracted and Western Blotting was used to measure expression of tight-junction proteins ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin. Pancreas and liver tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and scored by pathology. Results:The levels of amylase [(9365.1±716.5), (5947.3±512.0), (6517.7±269.6)U/L], lipase[(8343.7±1041.4), (6600.4±899.7), (6754.4±1046.4)U/L], AST[(560.5±72.7), (432.0±76.2), (429.8±40.5)U/L], ALT[(499.9±65.2), (385.7±46.0), (395.8±45.8)U/L], TBil[(134.2±56.2), (74.3±65.2), (81.3±35.3)U/L], TNF-α[(162.0±14.4), (100.4±6.3), (119.2±12.5)ng/L], IL-6[(161.4±26.0), (104.8±15.2), (105.5±12.7)ng/L], HMGB1[(100.1±6.7), (58.0±7.7), (63.4±7.2)ng/L] in ANP group, CB group and SB group were detected; and the pathological scores of pancreas[(11.2±1.08)，(9.45±1.06), (9.04±0.89)] and liver[(2.89±0.73), (2.09±0.49), (2.12±0.52)] in ANP group，CB group and SB group were higher than those in control group[(100.6±5.20)U/L, (966.5±301.9)U/L，(30.2±6.3)U/L, (27.6±5.9)U/L, (2.4±0.6)U/L, (29.5±4.8)ng/L，(36.9±7.6)ng/L，(35.5±5.7)ng/L，(1.18±0.05)，(0.56±0.09)]. However, those indexes in CB group and SB group were lower than those in ANP group, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The expression of ZO-1 in control group, ANP group, CB group and SB group was 1.83, 0.79, 1.25 and 1.16. The expression of claudin-1 in control group, ANP group, CB group and SB group was 0.58, 0.13, 0.43 and 0.37. The expression of occludin in control group, ANP group, CB group and SB group was 1.06, 0.38, 0.82 and 0.79. The expression of TJ proteins in ANP group was significantly lower than that in other groups and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Clostridium butyricum and metabolites butyrate can alleviate the inflammatory response in ANP rats with liver injury, maintain the function of intestinal mucosal barrier and prevent the liver injury.
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OBJECTIVE：To establish the method for the content de termination of 17 quality markers in Dahuang zhechong pills（DHZCP）. METHODS ：HPLC method was adopted to determine the contents of 17 quality markers in 10 batches of DHZCP ， such as allantoin ，hypoxanthine，salidroside，hydroxypaeoniflorin，glycyrrhizin，isoglycyrrhizin，baicalin，p-methoxyphenylacetic acid，wogonin，cinnamic acid ，apigenin，naringin，norwogonin，aloe emodin ，rhein，chrysin，emodin. The determination was performed on Kromasil 100-5-C18（250 mm × 4.6 mm，5 μm）column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ phosphoric acid solution-acetonitrile （gradient elution ） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃ ，the detection wavelength was 210 nm and the sample size was 20 μ L. RESULTS：The linear range of above 17 quality markers were 5.74-183.53，6.51-208.24，4.30-137.65，4.60-147.06，4.12-131.76，4.25-135.88，6.31-201.76，4.60-147.06，1.94-62.06，4.47- 142.94，0.69-22.06，2.29-73.24，2.33-74.41，1.42-45.29，6.65-212.94，1.11-35.44 and 1.47-47.06 μg/mL，respectively（all R2≥ 0.999 0）. RSDs of precision ，repeatability，stability and durability tests were all less than 2％（n＝6）；average recovery of 17 quality markers ranged from 96.31％ to 101.73％，and the RSDs were less than 3％（n＝6）. CONCLUSIONS ：The method is simple， rapid，speific，specise，reproducible，stable，accurate and durable ，and can be used for improving the quality standard of DHZCP.
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A strong animal survival instinct is to approach objects and situations that are of benefit and to avoid risk. In humans, a large proportion of mental disorders are accompanied by impairments in risk avoidance. One of the most important genes involved in mental disorders is disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (DISC1), and animal models in which this gene has some level of dysfunction show emotion-related impairments. However, it is not known whether DISC1 mouse models have an impairment in avoiding potential risks. In the present study, we used DISC1-N terminal truncation (DISC1-N
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A strong animal survival instinct is to approach objects and situations that are of benefit and to avoid risk. In humans, a large proportion of mental disorders are accompanied by impairments in risk avoidance. One of the most important genes involved in mental disorders is disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1 (DISC1), and animal models in which this gene has some level of dysfunction show emotion-related impairments. However, it is not known whether DISC1 mouse models have an impairment in avoiding potential risks. In the present study, we used DISC1-N terminal truncation (DISC1-N
Asunto(s)
Animales , Ratones , Interneuronas/metabolismo , Ratones Transgénicos , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/metabolismo , Neuronas/metabolismo , Núcleo Accumbens/metabolismo , Parvalbúminas/metabolismoRESUMEN
We report a critically ill pregnant woman in the third trimester with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19 who presented to Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan in February 2020. The 32-year-old patient was admitted at 35 +2 gestational weeks with a 4-day history of a sore throat and a fever for three hours. The patient had been to Xiaogan City, Hubei Province, and the symptoms occurred during a period of self-isolation after back home. The condition of the patient deteriorated rapidly, with left-sided chest and back pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, progressing to respiratory failure and septic shock 7 hours after her admission. In view of her critical condition and a history of two previous cesarean sections, an emergency cesarean section was performed. Blood gas analysis of the mother before the operation suggested respiratory failure, respiratory acidosis, and metabolic acidosis. During the operation, a baby boy was born. The Apgar score of the boy, birth weight of 2 700 g, was one at 1, 5, and 10 minutes despite the resuscitation efforts. The neonate died after withdrawing treatment. The patient was treated with tracheal intubation ventilator and other supportive treatments after the operation. The result of the new coronavirus nucleic acid test, taken on admission, but which was reported after delivery, was positive. The patient was transferred to the designated hospital for further treatment and was recovering with the withdrawal of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and ventilation at 26 and 36 days after surgery, respectively.