RESUMEN
Acute ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease with high incidence， high mortality and disability， and high recurrence rate， which seriously endangers patients’ health. Thrombolytic drugs play a key role in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke by activating plasminogen， rapidly dissolving thrombi， reducing platelet aggregation， and achieving successful recanalization. In this study， we reviewed the principle of action of thrombolytic drugs， their classification and use on the basis of current research progress at home and abroad. The results show that the safety and efficacy of thrombolytic drugs have improved significantly from the first generation of thrombolytic drugs， streptokinase， which is not fibrin-specific， to the third generation of thrombolytic drugs， tenecteplase， which not only retain the characteristics of directly activating plasminogen， but also enhance the specificity of fibrin and prolong the half-life. With the development of research， small-molecular compounds with the inhibition of plasminogen activator， or the modification of thrombolytic drugs with strong anti-plasminogen activator inhibition activity in vivo， or the search for new small-molecular substances with thrombolytic effect from microorganisms and natural plants， have become the focus of research on new thrombolytic drugs. The new thrombolytic drugs are likely to replace the current thrombolytic drugs because of greater thrombolytic efficacy and fewer side effects.