Donor site selection and clinical evaluation / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the principles of donor site selection for defects of the hypopharynx and/or cervical-esophagus based on a novel defect classification system and treatment outcome of this series.@*METHOD@#Thirty-nine patients underwent reconstruction of their defects of the hypopharynx and/or cervical-esophagus from January 2007 to June 2012 were retrospectively studied. 23 hypopharngeal and/or cervical-esophageal defects were circumferential or near circumferential (group A), 16 were partial(group B). 22 patients had compromised neck vascular status, while the other 17 patients had normal neck vascular status. Selection of the donor sites was based on extent of the defects and neck vascular status. Donor sites for reconstruction of the defects of group A included anterolateral thigh flap (n = 8), gastric pull-up (n = 6), radial forearm flap (n = 3), jejunum flap (n = 3), and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (n = 3). For goup B, Infrahyoid myocutaceous flaps, radial forearm flaps, and pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps were used in 8, 3, and 5 cases, respectively. Flap survival, surgical complications, function outcome, and tumor control were observed.@*RESULT@#Overall complication rate was 12.8% (5/39) in this series. In group A, three flap necroses occurred in jejunum flap (n = 1), anterolateral thigh flap (n = 1), and pectoralis major flap (n = 1). All these flap necroses occurred in the compromised neck vascular status group. One case of pharyngeal fistula without flap necrosis occurred in Group B. All except 2 patients restored oral intake postoperatively; 16 patients with laryngeal preservation had good phonation postoperatively. 2-year and 3-year survival of this series were 72.1% and 65.2%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Selection of an appropriate donor site for reconstruction of the defects of hypopharynx and /or cervical-esophagus should be based on the extent of the defects, neck vascular status, and clinical features of the flap. Individualized donor site selection for hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal defects reconstruction can result in good clinical outcome.

Isokinetic Assessment of Lower Extremities in Elite Fencers / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess isokinetic strength of lower extremities and find out weak muscles in Chinese elite fencers. Methods Bilateral peak torque of flexors and extensors of hip, knee and ankle in 26 national fencers,aged 23.1±2.36 yrs,were tested isokinetically at speeds of 60 and 240 deg/sec. Results (1)Hip: compared with 60 deg/sec,peak torques of bilateral extensors significantly decreased at 240 deg/sec (P0.05); At two velocities, flexor peak torques in leading leg of men fencers were significantly higher than trailing one(P0.05);Flexor/extensor torque ratio was lower than normal at two velocities in all fencers. (2)Knee: strength of flexors and extensors in 60 deg/ sec and extensor in 240 deg/sec of men fencers were significantly different between leading and trailing legs (P0.05); ankle flexor/extensor ratio were lower than normal at two velocities in all fencers. Conclusion (1)Bilateral asymmetry in isokinetic muscle strength exists in men fencers,but not obvious in women fencers. (2)Weak muscles for fencers were hip extensor,knee flexor,especially in leading knee and ankle extensor.

Change in Bone Mineral Density in Girls during Puberty and Analysis of The Correlated Influence Factors / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective To analyze the bone mineral density(BMD)and the correlated influence factors ingirls. Methods BMD and partial physical development variables of 714 girls, aged 9 to 16, were examined in Guangdong and Guangxi province and a questionnaire was administered to all subjects to determine their milk intake, physical activity, menarche, and regularity of menstruation. Results BMD in girls increased by 4.4% at age of 9～12, increased by 6.0% at age of 12～14, and increased by 2.5% at age of 14～16. Compared with girls having less than six-hour outdoor exercise, those having more than six-hour outdoor exercise revealed higher BMD levels (P200ml/day) might be effective for promoting BMD of girls during puberty.