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BackgroundThe schizophrenia is majorly treated with drug and through physical therapy. However， both treatments would lead to adverse reactions， which could affect therapy adherence and treatment efficacy. Previous studies have shown that aerobic exercise can help alleviate cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease and depressive disorder. At present， little research has been done on such alleviation in schizophrenia patients. ObjectiveTo explore the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in male patients with chronic schizophrenia， so as to provide references for relevant treatments. MethodsA total of 76 male patients with chronic schizophrenia hospitalized in the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu between December 2022 and April 2023 were selected as the study subjects and， in accordance with random number table， divided into study group （n=36） and control group （n=40）. Both groups received conventional drug treatment. On this basis， the study group received a 60-minute aerobic exercise 5 times a week for 8 weeks as intervention. Before and after intervention， assessment of cognitive function was performed by using MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery （MCCB） and Stroop Color Word Test （SCWT）. ResultAfter intervention， compared with the control group， the study group spent less time on finishing the Trail Making Test and scored higher in both the spatial span test and maze test （Z=-2.070， -2.306， -2.375， P<0.05）. Repeated measure ANOVA results showed that the time main effect of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test score was statistically significant in the two groups after intervention （F=39.067， P<0.05）. So was the interaction effect between the time and group of the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test and Verbal Fluency Test scores （F=10.092， 9.252， P<0.05）. After intervention， the scores of the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test and Verbal Fluency Test in the study group were higher than those in the control group （t=6.689， 4.249， P<0.05）. As for the study group itself， the scores were higher than those before intervention （t=23.746， 23.842， P<0.05）. After intervention， the numbers of correct reading in color test and word test in the study group were more than those in the control group （Z=-2.358， -2.771， P<0.05）. The interaction effect between the time and group of the reaction time in color test， word test and color word interference test were statistically significant in both groups （F=23.383， 19.888， 19.662， P<0.05）. After intervention， the reaction time in color test and color word interference test of the study group was shorter than those of the control group （t=4.895， 6.163， P<0.05）. As for the study group itself， the reaction time were shorter than before intervention （t=54.318， 42.425， 42.141， P<0.01）. ConclusionAerobic exercise may help alleviate the cognitive problems in male patients with chronic schizophrenia in terms of information processing speed， working memory， reasoning/problem solving ability， word learning and memorizing， visual learning and memorizing， and executive function. ［Funded by Wuhu Science and Technology Plan Project （number， 2021jc2-3）］
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This paper discusses the value and significance of medical-industrial integration in the teaching reform of "food hygiene" in Nutrition and Food Hygiene. Meanwhile, the study focuses on the educational concept of medical-industrial integration practice in our university, referring to integrating food science into the teaching innovation plan of "food hygiene", and using the understanding and application from food science discipline on food hygiene even the entire industry chain, taking the "strong" of "food science" to supplement the "short" of "nutrition and food hygiene", which fulfills the improvement of the curriculum system, optimization of allocation of "double-qualified" teachers, and modification of teaching methods. The combination of the traditional teaching methods and modern educational technologies such as virtual reality can lead to the training goal of matching theory with application and cultivating compound high-quality talents with the post competencies in this field in the new era.
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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO)/NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic, recurrent, antibody-mediated, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The binding of NMO-IgG with astrocytic aquaporin-4 (AQP4) functions directly in the pathogenesis of >60% of NMOSD patients, and causes astrocyte loss, secondary inflammatory infiltration, demyelination, and neuron death, potentially leading to paralysis and blindness. Current treatment options, including immunosuppressive agents, plasma exchange, and B-cell depletion, are based on small retrospective case series and open-label studies. It is noteworthy that monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy is a better option for autoimmune diseases due to its high efficacy and tolerability. Although the pathophysiological mechanisms of NMOSD remain unknown, increasingly, therapeutic studies have focused on mAbs, which target B cell depletion, complement and inflammation cascade inactivation, blood-brain-barrier protection, and blockade of NMO-IgG-AQP4 binding. Here, we review the targets, characteristics, mechanisms of action, development, and potential efficacy of mAb trials in NMOSD, including preclinical and experimental investigations.
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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO)/NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic, recurrent, antibody-mediated, inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The binding of NMO-IgG with astrocytic aquaporin-4 (AQP4) functions directly in the pathogenesis of >60% of NMOSD patients, and causes astrocyte loss, secondary inflammatory infiltration, demyelination, and neuron death, potentially leading to paralysis and blindness. Current treatment options, including immunosuppressive agents, plasma exchange, and B-cell depletion, are based on small retrospective case series and open-label studies. It is noteworthy that monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy is a better option for autoimmune diseases due to its high efficacy and tolerability. Although the pathophysiological mechanisms of NMOSD remain unknown, increasingly, therapeutic studies have focused on mAbs, which target B cell depletion, complement and inflammation cascade inactivation, blood-brain-barrier protection, and blockade of NMO-IgG-AQP4 binding. Here, we review the targets, characteristics, mechanisms of action, development, and potential efficacy of mAb trials in NMOSD, including preclinical and experimental investigations.
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Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) contributes to the neuroprotection by neural stem cells (NSCs) after ischemic stroke. Our aim was to explore whether LIF-transfected NSCs (LIF-NSCs) can ameliorate brain injury and promote neuroprotection in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. To accomplish this goal, we transfected NSCs with a lentivirus carrying the LIF gene to stably overexpress LIF. The LIF-NSCs reduced caspase 3 activation under conditions of oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro. Transient cerebral ischemia was induced in rats by 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), and LIF-NSCs were intravenously injected at 6 h post-ischemia. LIF-NSC treatment reduced the infarction volume and improved neurological recovery. Moreover, LIF-NSCs improved glial cell regeneration and ameliorated white matter injury in the MCAo rats. The NSCs acted as carriers and increased the expression of LIF in the lesions to protect against cerebral infarction, suggesting that LIF-NSCs could be a potential treatment for cerebral infarction.
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To study the changes of serum miR-128 in patients with first-visit Parkinson’s disease (PD) before and after treatment, and the correlation between serum miR-128 and unified PD rating scale (UPDRS) scores and inflammatory factors in patients with PD. It is helpful to explore the diagnostic value and pathogenesis of miR-128 in PD. Methods Serum miR-128 levels were measured in 54 patients with first-visit PD ( first-visit PD group) before and after treatment, and were compared with 50 cases of healthy controls (healthy control group). The UPDRS scale was evaluated and the serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were measured, and the results were analyzed. Results The level of serum miR-128 in first-visit PD group was significantly lower than that in healthy control group (t = 8. 87, P< 0.01 ). After two months of treatment, the level of serum miR-128 in first-visit PD group was significantly higher than that before treatment (t= -5.13, P<0.01), and the UPDRS score was significantly lower than that before treatment (t=9.67, P<0.01). There was a negative correlation between serum miR-128 level and UPDRS score, IL-1β and TNF-α levels in first-visit PD group, respectively ( r= -0.763, r= -0.656, r= -0.674; all P<0.01). The area under the working characteristic curve of serum miR128 was 0.882 (95% CI:0.776-0. 952, P<0.01 ). The sensitivity of diagnosis of PD was 72. 0% , and the specificity was 88. 9%. Conclusion Among the first first-visit PD patients, the level of serum miR-128 is abnormal, and it can be used as a better index of peripheral blood for evaluating the condition and auxiliary diagnosis of PD, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depression.
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Objective To explore the correlation between verbal memory and working memory in patients with alcohol dependence (AD).Methods A total of 40 patients with AD and 40 health controls were included in this study.N-back task was used to evaluate the verbal working memory.20 sets of phrases were used to evaluate long-term verbal memory.Results Correct number of verbal memory in AD group ((5.15±0.92)times) was lower than that of HC group ((7.35±3.07) times) after one-week baseline test,and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.344,P＜ 0.01).Compared with HC group ((1 436.37±192.50) ms,(1.08±0.89) times,(4.00±0.85) times,respectively),AD group((1 535.40± 192.50) ms,(1.90± 1.57)times,(2.60± 1.39)times) showed significantly impaired reply reaction time of 2-back,error number of 1-back and 2-back (t=-2.112,P=0.038;t=-2.899,P=0.005;t=-5.433,P＜0.01).The error number of 2-back task in AD group was negative correlated with verbal memory after one-week baseline test (r=-0.427,P=0.006).Conclusion The verbal memory is impaired in AD patients.Long-term verbal memory damage have a certain correlation with working memory.
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Objective To explore the mechanisms underlying supraliminal and subliminal N-back task in the children with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods Thirty-five ADHD children and thirty-three matched normal controls were enrolled.Working memory was measured with the different reaction time of N-back task.Results The error number of the subliminal 2-back task in ADHD group ((4.49± 1.20) times) was worse than that of the healthy controls ((3.79±-1.14) times), and the difference was significant(t=-2.459, P=0.017).In ADHD group,the error number of 1-back task and reaction time of 2-back task in subliminal task ((4.77±1.09) times, (1 447.49±271.35) ms) were worse than those of supraliminal task ((3.09± 1.63) times, (1 315.48±229.63) ms), and the difference was significant between the two tasks (t=4.755, P=0.000;t=-2.281, P=0.029).But there were no significant findings in healthy controls(P＞0.05).Conclusion The present study suggests that the working memory is impaired in ADHD children.
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Objective To explore the relationship between plasma homocysteine(Hcy),folic acid,VB12 level and deep venous thrombosis(DVT).Method With case-control study design,fifty DVT patients were included in this study as case group,and 50 healthy subjects selected from the same area as control group.Epidemiological survey were made,and 4ml fasting venous blood was collected for all subjects.Radio-immunoassay and fluorescence polarization immunoassay(FPIA) were used to measure blood serum folic acid,VB12 and plasma Hcy levels respectively.The correlation between Hcy level and DVT was analyzed.Results Plasma Hcy level of subjects in case group was higher than that in control group,There was significant difference of HHcy and low serum folic acid between case and control,and the OR(95%CI) was 3.74(1.21-11.59)and 0.17(0.05-0.53) respectively.There existed correlation among Hcy level,folic acid and VB12 levels.Partial correlation analysis showed the same results between Hcy level and folic acid level,VB12 level and folic acid level,while there existed negative correlation between Hcy level and VB12 level.Conclusion HHcy and low blood folic acid level increased DVT risk.Low blood levels of folic acid and VB12 increase the risk of HHcy.
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Objective: To probe into the relation of nutritional status with serum lipids levels in children. Methods: The levels of serum lipids, dietary intakes and physical indices were investigated for 316 children aged 7～11 years in Beijing Chao Yang District. Results: 36.21% of energy was from fat. Of 60.1% children the daily intakes of cholesterol were equal to or more than 300 mg. The intakes of cholesterol were positively associated with TC and apoB levels. Energy percentage from carbohydrate was also positively related with HDL C level. On the other hand, the levels of TC, HDL C and apoAI in cholesterol high intake group were more than control group. The TC, TG, LDL C, apoB and Lp(a) levels in overweight/obese children were more than normal and underweight children, and the lipids levels increased with overweight degree. In boys the waist hip ratios were positively associated with TC, TG, LDL C and apoB levels, negatively with HDL C level. Conclusion: Overweight/obesity (especially abdominal obesity) and unreasonable diet were related closely with dyslipidemia in children. It could be used in early diagnosis for high risk children of dyslipidemia.