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Objective:To investigate the application value of 3D printing technology in precise surgery of complex skull base tumors.Methods:Thirty patients with complex skull base tumors who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from May 2016 to May 2019 were chosen in our study; they were divided into 3D printing group and control group according to whether 3D printing technology was used or not. In the 14 patients from 3D printing group, patients accepted surgery with the guide of 3D printing technology before and during surgery. In the 16 patients from control group, surgery was performed with the guide of routine preoperative MR images. The surgical duration, intraoperative hemorrhage volume and tumor total resection rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The patients in the 3D printing group had significantly shortened average surgical duration, significantly decreased average intraoperative hemorrhage volume, and significantly higher proportion of patients with total resection as compared with those in the control group ([7.2±2.6] h vs. [9.4±2.2] h, [377.1±318.3] mL vs. [975.0±856.2] mL, 12/14 vs. 7/16, P<0.05). Conclusion:In surgical resection of complex skull base tumors, 3D printing technology can help to improve surgical efficiency and tumor total resection rate, and reduce intraoperative hemorrhage volume.
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Objective To explore the clinical effect of double M-shaped cartilage used in nasal tip cosmetic plasty.Methods From December 2016 to May 2017,nasal fip plasty was performed in 39 patients in Hangzhou Huashan Luyeme Medical Cosmetology Hospital.With the Goodman's incision in the columella and nasal vestibule,a big piece of autologous nasal septal cartilage was removed and transplanted to the front of nasal septum.Ear cartilage was trimmed into two strips and sutured with nasal septum cartilage graft.Meanwhile,the sandwich cartilage graft was inserted between the lower lateral cartilages to form the first "M" shape stent when fixing part of it on the nasal septum.Then the ear cartilage was turned over and fixed with lateral crus of the lower lateral cartilages to form the second "M" shape stent.Willow-shaped prosthesis was placed into the nasal dorsum.Results A total of 39 cases of nasal tip surgery were performed,including 1 male and 38 females.Ages ranged from 21 to 48 years in this group.The follow-up period was from 1 month to 5 months.36 patients were satisfied with the efficacy while 2 patients were suffered from the deviation of nasal tip,one patient was suffered from nasal septum deviation.Conclusions The application of double M-shaped cartilage in nasal tip cosmetic plasty is one of ideal rhinoplasty approaches with less wound,simple procedure and good clinical effects.
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Objective@#To observe the effects of Na+ /H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) inhibitor on intestinal injury of rats with burn sepsis, and to explore the possible mechanism preliminarily.@*Methods@#Ninety SD rats were divided into control group, pure sepsis group, and NHE1 inhibitor group according to the random number table, with 30 rats in each group. Full-thickness scald (hereinafter referred to as burn) model with 20% total body surface area were reproduced on the back of rats in pure sepsis and NHE1 inhibitor groups, and then 50 μL liquid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (2×105 colony forming unit/mL) were injected into the center of wounds on the back. Rats in NHE1 inhibitor group were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 mmol/L NHE1 inhibitor cariporide (0.4 mg/kg) rapidly after the successful establishment of burn sepsis model, while rats in pure sepsis group were injected with the same volume of normal saline. Except for not being made burn wounds nor receiving bacterination, rats in control group were treated the same as those in pure sepsis group. Rats with burn sepsis in each group were laparotomized and injected with 200 mL fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran in the concentration of 0.1 mol/L in terminal ileum at 12 hours post injury, and their left ventricular blood and terminal ileum were collected 30 minutes later. The serum content of FITC-dextran was detected with fluorescence spectrophotometer (n=10); the morphology of intestinal tissue was observed with HE staining (n=10); the content of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in serum and intestinal tissue was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n=20); the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in serum and intestinal tissue was detected with colorimetric method (n=20); the protein expression of nuclear factor-kappa B-p65 (NF-κB-p65) and phosphorylation levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway related proteins p38MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) were determined by Western blotting (n=4). The same samples of rats in control group were collected for related detection at the same time point as above. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and SNK test.@*Results@#(1) The serum content of FITC-dextran of rats in pure sepsis group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01), while the serum content of FITC-dextran of rats in NHE1 inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in pure sepsis group (P<0.01). Compared with that in control group, infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells, ulcer and necrosis of intestinal mucosa of rats in pure sepsis group were observed. The injury condition of intestine of rats in NHE1 inhibitor group was better than that in pure sepsis group. (2) The serum content of IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO of rats in pure sepsis group was (387±42) and (164.7±10.1) ng/mL, and (7.5±1.5) U/mL, respectively, significantly higher than that in control group [(75±17) and (13.1±6.5) ng/mL, and (2.3±0.7) U/mL, respectively, with P values below 0.01]. The serum content of IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO of rats in NHE1 inhibitor group was (176±37) and (64.9±9.3) ng/mL, and (5.9±0.8) U/mL, respectively, which was significantly lower than that in pure sepsis group (with P values below 0.01). (3) The content of IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO in intestinal tissue of rats in pure sepsis group was (190±13) and (172.8±29.7) ng/mL, and (8.7±1.5) U/mL, respectively, significantly higher than that in control group [respectively (20±3) and (11.9±2.3) ng/mL, and (2.9±0.3) U/mL, with P values below 0.01]. The content of IL-6, TNF-α, and MPO of intestinal tissue of rats in NHE1 inhibitor group was (35±6) and (45.2±6.1) ng/mL, and (5.3±0.6) U/mL, respectively, significantly lower than that in pure sepsis group (with P values below 0.01). (4) The protein expression of NF-κB-p65 and phosphorylation levels of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 in intestinal tissue of rats in pure sepsis group were significantly higher than those in control group (with P values below 0.01); the protein expression of NF-κB-p65 and the phosphorylation level of p38MAPK in intestinal tissue of rats in NHE1 inhibitor group were significantly lower than those in pure sepsis group (with P values below 0.01); phosphorylation levels of JNK1/2 in intestinal tissue of rats in the three groups were similar (with P values above 0.05).@*Conclusions@#The inhibition of NHE1 can significantly alleviate the intestinal injury, and the mechanisms may be attributed to the regulation of NF-κB and p38MAPK signal pathway, resulting in inhibition of the inflammatory response of intestinal tract.
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Age-related cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are the leading causes of visual loss in elder persons,and sometimes the two diseases are co-existing in those patients.Earlier studies have suggested that cataract surgery could promote the process of AMD.However,the latest research of this diseases and the advanced treatment strategy have leading the remarkable change of this field.This article reviews the morbidity and the relation of cataract surgery and progression of AMD,and how to reduce the development of AMD after cataract surgery.
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Background and purpose:Differentiation of tumor tissue is an important factor on determining the prognosis of gastric cancer. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels and clinical signiifcance of gender determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) gene and octamer binding factor 4 (OCT4) gene in gastric cancer tissues varying different differentiation degrees. Methods: Sixty cases with gastric cancer were recruited in this study. The gastric cancer tissues and corresponding normal mucosa of the 60 cases were obtained. The mRNA and protein level of SOX2, OCT4 gene are evaluated by the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The relationship between the expression levels of SOX2, OCT4 gene and clinical pathological parameters were also analyzed in this study. Results:The expression of SOX2 in both mRNA and protein levels had no signiifcant difference between the well-differentiated gastric cancer tissues and normal gastric mucosa (mRNA levels:t=0.1033, P>0.05;protein levels:t=0.116, P>0.05). However, both the mRNA and protein expression of SOX2 in patients with well-differentiated gastric cancer tissues were signiifcant higher than not only in patients with moderately differentiated gastric carcinoma (mRNA levels: t=12.48, P0.05;protein levels:t=1.064, P>0.05). Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the positive rate of SOX2 in patients with well-differentiated gastric cancer tissues (10/21) were higher than in patients with not only moderately differentiated gastric carcinoma (7/20) but also poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma (2/19, P0.05). Nevertheless, the expression of SOX2, OCT4 were positive or negative correlated with the pathological staging, the degree of inifltration and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusion:Decreased SOX2 expression and increased expression level of OCT4 can promote the formation, development and invasion of gastric cancer and they may become biomarkers or the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation in gastric carcinoma.
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ObjectiveTo study the inhibiting effects on the invasion and metastasis of melanoma by CXCR4 gene silence in nude mice.MethodsThe CXCR4 specific recombinant plasmid vector was constructed and transfected into the cultured MV3 cell line with lipofectamine.The models of subcutaneous melanoma in nude mice were established with MV3 cells.The nude mouse model of lung metastasis was established by injection of MV3 cells into the tail vein.The animals were sacrificed at 8weeks after the melanoma cells injection.CXCR4-shRNA plasmid vectors were discontinuously injected directly into the established tumor and vein.The changes of weight and size of the tumors and the mice body weight during the therapy were calculated respectively.Histological observation was performed to evaluate the presence and number of metastatic tumors.ResultsThe subcutaneous melanoma tumors in nude mice were established successfully.The growth of tumors in the CXCR4-shRNA injected nude mice was inhibitted obviously through tumor growth curve. There were significant differences between negative shRNA control nude mice and blank control nude mice (P＜0.01).Melanoma cells with CXCR4 shRNA permanent transfection had a much lower lung and brain and liver metastatic potential in nude mice than control cells and mock control cells in vivo.ConclusionsCXCR4 gene silencing mediated by shRNA significantly suppresses the growth of MV3 cell in vitro.Silencing of CXCR4 mediated by shRNA can also effectively decrease the metastatic potential of lung and liver and brain.
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The penis is an important genitourinary organ, whose deficiency not only causes physiological dysfunction but inflicts mental and psychological traumas to the patient. Ideal phalloplasty should address the following requirements: (1) It should give a good shape; (2) It should ensure appropriate size and sexual intercourse; (3) It should make the phallus sensitive to both touching and sexual desire; (4) The donor site morbidity should be inconspicuous. To satisfy the above-mentioned requirements, doctors both at home and abroad have made increasing efforts for the improvement of phalloplasty. Recent progress in phalloplasty is reviewed in this article.
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Humanos , Masculino , Pene , Cirugía General , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , MétodosRESUMEN
Objective:To establish an experimental phalloplasty model with sensory restoration in rabbits and to explore a new surgical technique to improve the postoperative sensory function in phallic reconstruction. Methods: Adult male New Zealand white rabbit was used. Penile reconstruction was performed with superficial epigastric faciovascular pedicle flap. Free saphenous nerve graft was dissected, embedded in the flap, and end-to-end anastomosed to dorsal nerve of penis. Postoperatively, H-E staining and CGRP immunohistochemical staining were applied to observe the morphology of the regenerated nerves in the reconstructed penis at different stages. Results:Only a few CGRP-positive fibers scattered in deep corium in the reconstructed penis 1 month after surgery, while the quantity of CGRP nerve fibers increased markedly and the CGRP-positive fibers appeared in both superficial corium and papillae corii after 3 months. Six months postoperatively, the positive nerve fibers were also observed around the cutaneous accessories and in the epidermis-corium boundary layer. Conclusion: This rabbit model demonstrates the possibility of a new method for phalloplasty with sensory recovery, which may redound to clinical application.