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Objective To investigate the correlation between postmenopausal estrogen levels and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Two hundred cases of postmenopausal type 2 diabetes admitted to the Eighth Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected as the subjects and divided into the retinopathy group (93 cases) and the normal retina group (107 cases) according to the resuhs of fundus angiography.The general data of the two groups were compared,and the blood glucose index,blood lipid index and estrogen level were measured and compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of the patients with retinopathy.Results (1) The disease duration of patients in the retinopathy group was longer than that in the normal retina group ((14.67 ±3.48) years vs.(10.20±2.85) years;t=9.983,P＜0.05).The fasting blood glucose (FBG),glycosylated hemoglobin of patients in the retinopathy group were higher than those in the normal retina group (FBG:(8.01 ± 1.21) mmol/L vs.(6.93 ± 1.20) mmol/L,FBG:(8.32 ± 1.56) mmol/L vs.(7.39 ± 1.43) mmol/L;t =6.324,4.397,P＜0.05).The total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) of patients in the retinopathy group were higher than those in the normal retina group [TC:(4.93±0.87) mmol/ Lvs.(4.23± 0.69) mmol/L,TG:(1.91 ± 0.42) mmol/L vs.(1.63 ± 0.32) mmol/L,LDL-C:(2.61 ± 0.90) mmol/L vs.(1.78±0.53) mmol/L;t =6.340,5.340,8.067,P＜0.05],while high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was lower than that in the normal retina group ((1.23±0.37) mmol/L vs.(1.76±0.45) mmol/L;t =9.014,P ＜0.05).The E2 level in the retinopathy group was lower than that in the normal retina group ((23.91 + 8.51) ng/L vs.(32.18 + 9.80) ng/L;t=6.325,P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes,FBG,HbAlc,TC,TG and LDL-C were risk factors of retinopathy (OR (95％ CI) =1.049 (1.011 ～ 1.056),1.071(1.061 ～ 1.093),1.092(0.984～ 1.275),1.099(1.661 ～ 1.993),1.863(1.661 ～ 1.993),1.652 (1.461 ～ 1.893),P＜ 0.05),while HDL-C and E2 were protective factors of retinopathy (OR (95 ％ CI) =0.172(0.061 ～ 0.293),0.955 (0.861 ～ 1.093),P＜0.0S).Conclusion Estrogen level is related to retinopathy in postmenopausal diabetic patients.It may be a protective factor for diabetic retinopathy.
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Objective To investigate the effect of different adjuvants and challengemethods on asthma mice′s lung inflammation . Methods BALB/c mice were sensitized with ovalbumin in aluminium hydroxide or alum adjuvant .After 7 days challenges ,choose the proper adjuvant with intranasal or atomized to prepare mice asthma model .Count and classify the white blood cells (WBC) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) ,observe the peribronchial and perivascular inflammation .Results Compare the WBC and eos-nophils in BALF ,the alum group are higher than aluminum hydroxide group(P0 .05) .10 days after the last challenge ,the inflammation fade sharply ,and the corresponding result occured in the lung inflammation .Conclusion In establishing asthma model ,alum is better than aluminum hydroxide ,atomization is better than intranasal .Inflammation will fade after stop atomization a period of time .