RESUMEN
【Objective】 To understand the occupational exposure of blood center staff during blood collection and supply, analyze the influencing factors, explore preventive measures and improve the self-protection awareness of staff, so as to further improve the prevention of such occupational exposure in blood centers. 【Methods】 Seventy-two occupational exposure cases, which occurred and registered in Beijing Red Cross Blood Center from January 2010 to December 2021, were reviewed by retrospective survery methods, and such cases were classified and analyzed statistically. The incidence of blood-borne occupational exposure was compared by genders, departments, occurrence locations, education level, occupation type, work link, causes of exposure and body parts, so as to analyze the influencing factors, and then propose corresponding prevention strategies. 【Results】 From 2010 to 2021, a total of 72 blood-borne occupational exposure cases occurred. When classified by gender, the exposure rate of women was more than twice that of men; by age, the exposure rate of 18~25 years old was the highest, reaching 7.84%, but 26~40 years old group contributed the most cases, accounting for 70.83% (51/72); by working years, the exposure rate of staff with working years less than 3 years was relatively high, but the staff with 4~10 working years contributed the most cases, accounting for 54.17% (39/72); by the education level, the the exposure rate of stall with bachelor degree and below was the highest(90.28%, 65/72); by the professional title level, the exposure rate of staff with primary and intermediate professional titles was relatively high (94.44% , 68/72); by departments, the exposure rate of Blood Donation Service was the highest (81.94%, 59/72), which was twice or even three times than that of other departments; by occupational type, nurses had the highest exposure rate, accounting for 87.5% (63/72); by body parts, hands were the most vulnerable body parts to occupational exposure; by location, the exposure rate on mobile vehicles is four times than that in indoor places; by the number of exposure times, the incidence of one exposure cases accounted for 72.22%(52/72)while multiple exposure was rare by work link, the exposure rate of the sampling link was significantly higher than that of the other links. 【Conclusion】 Blood-borne occupational exposure of staff in blood centers is closely related to gender, age, working years, professional title level, department, occupational type, occurrence place, and body part, and has nothing to do with the education level. More attention should be paid to middle-aged female nurses on the front line of blood donation service, staff with primary or intermediate titles and undergraduate degrees. Otherwise, training and protection should be enhanced, operation methods be standardized, the blood collection environment be improved, and the management, automation and intelligent level of blood collection be promoted.
RESUMEN
【Objective】 To investigate the high-risk groups and scenarios of adverse reactions to blood donation(ARBD) through statistical analysis of the incidence and distribution of ARBD in Beijing from 2017 to 2020, and discuss the preventive measures, so as to retain more regular blood donors with better service and blood donation experience. 【Methods】 The data of 1 047 036 voluntary blood donors during 2017 to 2020 were reviewed. The incidence of blood donation reactions was counted, and factors as gender, blood collection sites, blood group and number of blood donations were collected, the influencing factors of ARBD were analyzed to put forward targeted solutions. 【Results】 Among 1 047 036 blood donations in Beijing from 2017 to 2020, 2 163 (0.21%) developed ARBD. The incidence of ARBD in women was twice that in men, and was highest in age group 18 to 25 years old (47.8%, 1 034/2 163). In terms of blood donation sites, the incidence of ARBD was close under different blood donation environments, but ARBD occurred in mobile donation sites accounted for 65.51% (1 417/2 163). The incidence of ARBD in different blood types was basically the same, that of repeated blood donors was the lowest, and that of first-time blood donors accounted for 66.07% (1 429/2 163). The incidence of ARBD occurred within 30 minutes after blood donation was 43.64% (944/2 163), and it was dominated by systemic manifestations (Class B) (73.05%, 1 580 / 2 163). 【Conclusion】 Gender, age, blood donation sites, number of blood donations, occurrence time and ARBD categories were the influencing factors of ARBD. It is suggested to pay more attention to women, young and first-time blood donors, improve blood donation environment, and stay for 30 minutes after blood donation.