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Metastasis and resistance are main causes to affect the outcome of the current anticancer therapies. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone takes important role in the tumor metastasis and resistance. Targeting Hsp90 and downregulating its expression show promising in inhibiting tumor metastasis and resistance. In this study, a redox-responsive dual-drug nanocarrier was constructed for the effective delivery of a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug PTX, and a COA-modified 4-arm PEG polymer (4PSC) was synthesized. COA, an active component in oleanolic acid that exerts strong antitumor activity by downregulating Hsp90 expression, was used as a structural and functional element to endow 4PSC with redox responsiveness and Hsp90 inhibitory activity. Our results showed that 4PSC/PTX nanomicelles efficiently delivered PTX and COA to tumor locations without inducing systemic toxicity. By blocking the Hsp90 signaling pathway, 4PSC significantly enhanced the antitumor effect of PTX, inhibiting tumor proliferation and invasiveness as well as chemotherapy-induced resistance in vitro. Remarkable results were further confirmed in vivo with two preclinical tumor models. These findings demonstrate that the COA-modified 4PSC drug delivery nanosystem provides a potential platform for enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapies.
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Objective@#To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of injury cases admitted to department of emergency in sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District, Hangzhou City from 2015 to 2020, so as to provide insights into injury prevention and intervention in rural areas.@*Methods@# Data of injury cases were collected from the department of emergency of two sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District from 2015 to 2020, and the incidence of injury was standardized by the data from the China's seventh national population census in Fuyang District. The demographics, causes, severity and outcomes of injury were descriptively analyzed.@*Results@#Totally 84 360 injury cases were recorded in the department of emergency of two sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District from 2015 to 2020, and the annual average standardized incidence of injury was 15.85%. The injury cases included 48 330 men (57.29%) and 36 030 women (42.71%), and there were 10 653 cases at ages of <19 years (12.63%), 25 398 cases at ages of 19 to <46 years (30.11%), 39 951 cases at ages of 46 to <71 years (47.36%), and 8 359 cases at ages of 71 years and older (9.91%). Taking a private car (motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles) was the predominant way to seek medical care (75 246 cases, 89.20%). Blunt force injury and puncture wound/incision wound (23 668 cases, 28.06%), and fall injury (22 855 cases, 27.09%) were predominant causes of injury, and there were 45 961 cases with mild injury (54.48%), 28 043 cases with moderate injury (33.24%), and 356 cases with severe injury (0.42%). Returning home after hospital treatments was the predominant outcome of injury (74 401 cases, 88.19%). Mild injury was predominant among patients at ages of <19 years (81.48%), with a high rate of transfer to other hospitals (2.43%), and moderate to severe injury was predominant among patients at ages of 71 years and older (43.08% and 0.77%), with a high rate of hospital stay (18.71%) and a high mortality rate (0.14%).@*Conclusions@#Mild injury was predominant among patients admitted to the department of emergency of two sentinel hospitals in Fuyang District from 2015 to 2020, and blunt force injury, puncture wound/incision wound and fall injury were predominant causes of injury. There were age-specific epidemiological characteristics of injury cases.
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Objective To investigate the nursing professional values of different nursing groups and probe into the influencing factors.Methods By cluster and stratified sampling,a total of 583 participants including nursing students and registered nurses were investigated by Nursing Professional Values Scale.Results Nursing students and registered nurses hold a higher level of nursing professional values.Nursing professional value scores of nursing students were significantly higher than registered nurses.There was statistical difference between different nursing groups.Working years and monthly income were important influencing factors.Conclusions Nursing educators and administers could choose effective methods according to the condition to improve nursing professional values.