Epidemiological Study of Ground-waterborne Norovirus GI.3-associated Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Gyeonggi Province of South Korea in May 2011

In May 2011, five consecutive gastroenteritis outbreaks were reported at schools in Gyeonggi-do. Epidemiological inspection revealed that one food manufacture company provided 'Kimchi', a traditional Korean side-dish, to these five schools for catering services. Fecal specimens were collected from students and food-handlers to determine causative viral agents. Norovirus genogroup GI was detected from 58 samples out of total 239 specimens by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR, whereas norovirus GII was found only from one sample. Epidemiological studies also revealed that the Kimchi was processed using groundwater in the food manufacture company. Four groundwater samples were collected from the company and around the area. Norovirus GI was detected from three samples. To determine the norovirus genotypes of positive specimens from clinical and groundwater samples, sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were performed. The genogroup GI from 58 clinical and three groundwater samples and the GII from one food-handler were identified as norovirus GI.3 and GII.18, respectively. Sequence alignment analysis with norovirus GI.3 isolates revealed that identity between clinical and groundwater samples was over than 99.1% in nucleotide level. In conclusion, norovirus GI.3-contaminated groundwater caused the gastroenteritis outbreaks of five schools, through Kimchi. This molecular epidemiological study was an important report in Korea that clearly identified all transmission routes of norovirus GI.3.

A Case of A cute Fevrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis / 대한피부과학회지

A 36-year-old man has suffered from multiple, well defined, variable sized, and elevated papulonodular patches with oozing, scale, and crust on the face. He also presented multiple folliculitis-like eruptions on upper chest, back, and both limbs. He had no leukocytosis, but elevated ESR and fever during development of skin lesions. Histologically a dense iaflammatory cell infiltra,tion composed predominantly of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and few lymphoid cells were seen in the dermis and subcutis. The symptoms and signs did not spond to dapsone and tetracycline, but disappeared on orally administered predniselone.

A Case of Zosteriform Cutaneous Metastasis / 대한피부과학회지

We report a case of zosteriform cutaneous metastasis from lung cancer in a 72- year-old male patient who have asymptomatic confluent or discrete hard papulonodules over the right upper arm and right side of chest. Histopathologic examinations of the cutaneous lesion revealed neoplastic cell, which showing glandular structure, infiltrating in the drmis and subcutaneous layer. Also histopathologic findings of metastatic lesion of skull and olecranon are similar to them. Fie died after three months from the appearance of cutaneous metastasis