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@#Objective To compare the current status of clinical studies regarding lung cancer between China and the United States in 2019, and to indicate the weakness, trend and future development direction of clinical studies drug treatment in China. Methods The data of lung cancer clinical studies from January 1st to November 30th, 2019 in China and the United States were retrieved and analyzed through Informa pharmaprojects database. Results The United States was superior on the number of projects (128 vs. 156) and research institutions (743 vs. 2 250). Compared with the United State, there were more phase Ⅲ confirmatory researches (19.5% vs. 10.3%), bioequivalent drug researches (3.1% vs. 0%), and researches initiated by academic institutions (39.8% vs. 28.1%) in China. The United States exhibited advantages in phaseⅠ andⅠ/Ⅱstudies (25.8% vs. 60.3%), immunodrugs (49.2% vs. 60.3%), primary tested drug ratio (61.7% vs. 93.6%), targets abundance (32.9% vs. 69.6%), and chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T, 0.7% vs. 7.1%). Conclusion Compared with the United States, China should pay more attention to innovative drug investigations in early phase of clinical studies, especially novel immune agents, vaccines, and CAR-T.
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Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a serious complication of diagnostic coronary angiograph and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CI-AKI development are largely unknown. The present study examined whether urinary semaphorin 3A levels predict the development of CI-AKI in patients undergoing PCI. This study enrolled 168 patients with stable angina undergoing elective PCI. Serial urine samples, obtained at baseline and 2, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h post-PCI were analyzed by semaphorin 3A and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) ELISA kit. AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine beyond 50% according to the RIFLE classification system. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses identified optimal semaphorin 3A and NGAL values for diagnosing CI-AKI. CI-AKI occurred in 20 of 168 patients. There were no significant differences in the baseline clinical characteristics and angiographic findings between non-AKI patients group and AKI patients group. Both urinary semaphorin 3A and NGAL levels significantly increased at 2 and 6 h post-PCI. ROC analysis showed that the cut-off value of 389.5 pg/mg semaphorin 3A at 2 h post-PCI corresponds to 94% sensitivity and 75% specificity and the cut-off value of 94.4 ng/mg NGAL at 2 h post-PCI corresponds to 74% sensitivity and 82% specificity. Logistic regression showed that semaphorin 3A levels at 2 and 6 h post-PCI were the significant predictors of AKI in our cohort. Urinary semaphorin 3A may be a promising early biomarker for predicting CI-AKI in patients undergoing PCI.