Agreement of corneal high-order aberrations measured by three wavefront aberrometers in myopic adults / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To evaluate the agreement of corneal high-order aberrations from Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler and OPD-Scan Ⅲ wavefront aberrometers in myopic adults.METHODS:A prospective clinical study. A total of 92 adult patients(92 eyes)with myopia in the department of optometry, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from June to August 2022 were enrolled. The third-order and fourth-order corneal aberrations at the pupil diameter of 4 and 6mm were measured by Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, respectively. The difference and agreement of the three aberrometers were evaluated.RESULTS: The measurements at 6mm pupil diameter were all greater than those at 4mm pupil diameter. Although there were no statistical differences in the measurements of Z-44、Z-24 by the three aberrometers at 4 pupil diameter(P>0.05), there were statistical differences in other measurements(P<0.05). The aberration results measured by the three aberrometers were statistically different at the 6mm pupil diameter(P<0.05). The 95% limit of agreement(95%LoA)of the measurements of higher-order aberration, including the third-order aberrations at 4mm pupil diameter and the third-order and fourth-order aberrations at 6mm pupil diameter(except for the Z-24)were greater than 0.1μm. The concordance correlation coefficient(Pc)was lower than 0.90, indicating a poor consistency. The correlation coefficients of corneal higher-order aberrations were significantly different among the three aberrometers at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter(r4mm=0.215～0.805, P4mm<0.05; r6mm=0.561～0.916, P6mm<0.001).CONCLUSION:There were significant differences in the measurements of the third- and fourth-order corneal aberrations at 4 and 6mm pupil diameter among Topcon KR-1W, i.Profiler, and OPD-Scan Ⅲ, and the agreements were poor, so they are not interchangeably in clinical applications.

Shenqi Dihuang Decoction inhibits high-glucose induced ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells via Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 pathway / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the effects of Shenqi Dihuang Decoction on high-glucose induced ferroptosis and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)/glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) axis in human renal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2) and to clarify the underlying mechanism. The cell injury model was established by exposing HK-2 to high glucose, and the Shenqi Dihuang Decoction-medicated serum was prepared. The optimal concentration and intervention time of Shenqi Dihuang Decoction were determined. HK-2 were divided into normal, high glucose, and low-, medium-, and high-dose Shenqi Dihuang Decoction groups. After interventions, the cell proliferation rate in each group was determined and the cell morphology and mitochondrial ultrastructure were observed. Then, the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS), ferrous ion(Fe~(2+)), glutathione(GSH), and malondialdehyde(MDA) and the protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4, and xCT were measured. The optimal concentration and intervention time of Shenqi Dihuang Decoction-medicated serum were determined to be 10% and 24 h, respectively. Compared with the high glucose group, high-dose Shenqi Dihuang Decoction promoted the proliferation of HK-2. The cells in the low-, medium-, and high-dose Shenqi Dihuang Decoction groups presented tight arrangement, an increased cell count, improved morphology from a spindle-fiber shape to a cobblestone shape, and improved morphology and structure of mitochondrial membrane and cristae, compared with those in the high glucose group. Meanwhile, all the doses of Shenqi Dihuang Decoction inhibited ROS elevation to mitigate the peroxidation damage, lowered the Fe~(2+) and MDA levels and elevated the GSH level to inhibit lipid peroxidation, and activated the antioxidant pathway to upregulate the protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, xCT, and GPX4. In conclusion, Shenqi Dihuang Decoction-medicated serum can inhibit high-glucose induced ferroptosis of HK-2 in vitro, which involves the antioxidant effect and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 pathway.

Clinical characteristics of extremely premature infants at low risk for early-onset sepsis / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To explore and analyze the clinical characteristics of extremely premature infants at low risk for early-onset sepsis (EOS) , so as to avoid overuse of antibiotics. Method The clinical data of extremely premature infants hospitalized from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017 were collected. Extremely premature infants born from mothers without premature rupture of membranes and without maternal clinical manifestations of chorioamnionitis during pregnancy were classified assigned into the low-risk group, and those who did not meet the low-risk conditions were regarded assigned intoas the control group. EOS was diagnosed according to the results of blood culture within 72 hours after birth. The clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of extremely premature infants between the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 245 extremely preterm infants were enrolled, including 153 (62.4％) in low-risk group. Compared with the control group, mothers in low-risk group had higher rates of gestational diabetes and hypertension, higher rates of antenatal hormone use and lower rates of antenatal antibiotics use; furthermore, neonates in low-risk group had lower rates of Apgar score ＜ 5, higher rates of pulmonary surfactant use, respiratory support and mechanical ventilation, and lower risk of death and incidence of early-onset sepsis. The differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05) . Among In extremely premature infants whose having survival time＞ 24 hours, compared with control group, infants in low-risk group had higher incidences of respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus, intracranial hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and lower incidence of pulmonary hemorrhage than control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05) . In low-risk group, the risks of death, respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary hemorrhage in long-term antibiotic group were higher than the short-term antibiotic group. Conclusion Early identification of extremely preterm infants at low risk of early-onset sepsis in extremely preterm infants is of clinical significance in reducing early empirical use of antibiotics therapy.

Effects of sleep deprivation on liver circadian clock gene expression in rats / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the effects of 72 h sleep deprivation(SD)on circadian clock gene expression in the rat liver.Methods Twelve rats were randomly divided into control group and SD group.An SD instrument was used to deprive the rats′sleep for 72 h.Then the abdominal cavity was exposed to obtain liver,and the expression of clock genes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively.Results Compared with the control group, the mRNA levels of clock,npas2 and rev-erbαstrikingly decreased in the livers of the SD group rats.However,per1,per2 and rorαmRNA levels obviously increased.bmal1 and cry1 mRNA expression hardly changed in the control and SD groups. Meanwhile,the protein levels of liver BMAL1,CLOCK,NPAS2,CRY1 and REV-ERBαwere significantly down-regulated and PER1,PER2 and RORαprotein levels were up-regulated in SD group compared with control group.Conclusion 72 h SD can result in abnormal expressions of several circadian clock genes in the rat liver at both transcriptional and translational levels.

Effects of sleep deprivation on spleen circadian clock gene expression in rats / 军事医学

Objective To investigate the effects of 72 h sleep deprivation (SD) on circadian clock gene expression in the rat spleen.Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group and SD group.An SD instrument was used to deprive the rats of sleep for 72 h.Then the lymphocytes from the spleen were obtained by Ficoll seperation medium before the expression of clock genes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis respectively.Results Compared with the control group,the mRNA levels of bmal1,clock,per2 and rev-erbα strikingly decreased in the spleens of the SD group rats.However,npas2,per1,rorα and cry1 mRNA expression hardly changed in the control and SD group.Meanwhile,the protein levels of spleen BMAL1,NPAS2,CRY1 and RORα were significantly down-regulated and PER1 protein levels were up-regulated in SD group compared with control group.However REV-ERBα protein expression remained unchanged in the control and SD group.Conclusion 72 h SD can result in abnormal expressions of several circadian clock genes in lymphocytes of the spleen at both transcription and translation levels.

Study on UHPLC fingerprint and determination of eight phenolic components of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves / 中国中药杂志

A novel method combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprint and simultaneous quantitative analysis of eight phenolic components was developed and validated for quality evaluation of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves. For fingerprint analysis, 15 peaks were selected as the common peaks to evaluate the similarities among 41 batches of T. hemsleyanum leaves collected from different regions. Additionally, simultaneous quantification of eight markers, including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isoorientin, orientin, vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside,vitexin and isovitexin, was performed and the obtained data demonstrated that our method has achieved desired linearity, precision and accuracy. Clustering statistical analysis was further application in T. hemsleyanum leaves from different regions. The results indicated that new approach conbine ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprint and simultaneous quantitative analysis of eight phenolic components was applicable in quality control of T. hemsleyanum leaves.

Preoperative prediction and intraoperative injury prevention of nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:A non-recurrent course is a rare anatomic variation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, which is highly predisposed to injury in thyroidectomy. The study was to summarize preoperative judgment and injury prevention of non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) during thyroidectomy.Methods:Preoperative diagnosis and precautions during thyroidectomy were investigated, clinical data from eleven cases of NRLN were analyzed and related literature was reviewed as well.Results:All eleven cases were NRLN of type 1. Among those, the right subclavian artery was found posteriorly to the trachea and esophagus shown by preoperative CT in seven cases. One case who had NRLN injury underwent nerve anastomosis.Conclusion:NRLN is a rare anatomical variation. Preoperative neck CT scan identifies presence of a NRLN, which may reduce the incidence of nerve injures by using intraoperative capsular dissection.