Clinical effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function based on propensity score / 中国中药杂志

To explore the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function in the real world, in order to provide the basis for the clinical medication safety. Patient aged between 18-80 were selected from 18 large hospitals information system (HIS) databases established by clinical research institute for basic traditional Chinese medicine of China academy of Chinese medical sciences. The patients who were treated with Kudiezi injection (24 225 cases) were defined as the exposed group, whereas those who were not treated with Kudiezi injection (14,191 cases) were defined as the non-exposed group. The propensity score method was used to balance the confounding factors. Classic logistic regression, GBM weighted propensity score logistic regression, GBM propensity score weighted logistic regression with covariate and sensitivity analysis were adopted to study the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function. The results showed no significant difference in the possibility in abnormality in serum creatinine (Scr) (P = 0.940, 0.679, 0.834) and urea nitrogen (BUN) (P = 0, 0.045, 0.164) between both groups. Therefore, the existing data indicated no damage of Kudiezi injection on renal function. Because this study is a retrospective study based on the real world, there may be unknown confounding factors and potential bias. Therefore, further studies shall be conducted to monitor whether Kudiezi injection causes damage on renal function, in order to ensure the clinical medication safety.

Analysis of questionable allergic factors to kudiezi injection--nested case control study using hospital information system data / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to assess if adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to Kudiezi injection are allergic in origin. Hospital information system (HIS) data from 18 hospitals in China were used to carry out a nested case control design study. Included were patients who received dexamethasone for suspected allergic reactions after receiving Kudiezi injection. These were compared with non-allergic reaction people. Single factor logistic regression and multiple factor logistic regression were used to analyze data. Condition on admission, allergic history, dosage, disease status and drug combinations were taken into account in cases of suspected allergic reactions. After analysis in two subgroups we found that the condition on solvents had a significant effect, P values were 0.005 5 and < 0.000 1 on suspected cases of allergic reactions. For the first subgroup analysis, we found using other eight injections at the same time as Kudiezi injection could be risk factors in suspected cases of allergic reactions. For the second subgroup analysis combining using mannitol or fructose could increase risks. Based on this current research, condition on admission as well as the concomitant use of some other drugs may be the risk factors in suspected cases of allergic reactions. However, further research for verification is required. This study can provide guidance for safe clinical practice in using Kudiezi injection.

Analysis suspected allergic factors to shenqi fuzheng injection based on prescription sequence analysis and nested case control study / 中国中药杂志

This study based on twenty 3A grade hospital information system (HIS) database in China, adopt toprescription sequence analysis (PSA) with nested case control study (NCCS) to analysis mainly suspected allergy factor of Shenqi Fuzheng injection (Shenqi Fuzheng). Study design according to start to stop using Shenqi Fuzheng whether using dexamethasone injection will crowd divided into cases group and control group, each case matched 4 controls were selected, two groups according to the ratio of the age and sex matched well. Square test, Fisher exact test, single factor and multiple factor logistic regression were used to analyze data Condition on admission, allergic history, dosage and drug combinations were taken into account in cases of suspected allergic reactions. After analysis in two subgroups we found that the single dose (P = 0.000 2) and the combined use of matrine (P < 0.000 1, OR = 14.312, confidence interval [8.184, 25.029]) had significant effects on the suspected allergic reaction. Study on the existing HIS data and the study method based on screening suspected risk factors for allergic reaction. This study can provide guidance for Shenqi Fuzheng injection safety using in clinical practice, and it can also provides new method for the clinical safety reevaluation of post-marketing Chinese medicine injection.

Retrospective real world study to explore use of parenterally administered kudiezi in combination with other medications based on hospital information study data / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Parenterally administered Kudiezi (KDZ) is used in real world clinical situations to treat coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction. This paper analyzes its clinical use with other drug combinations. Clinicians' experiences of using such treatments are also referred to.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Hospital information system (HIS) data from 18 hospitals, comprising records of 6 032 patients with Coronary heart disease and 3 468 patients with cerebral infarction were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Comparison and analysis between varying courses of KDZ plus different drug combinations was carried out. The mean single dose of KDZ, death rate and improvement rates along with drug combinations were ascertained with various illustrations given.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although data showed some clinical correlations between factors analyzed, strong causal relationships are yet to be found. Hence, there is a need for further exploration and analysis.</p>

Explore dengzhan xixin injection effecting on outcome of coronary heart disease based on propensity score / 中国中药杂志

Records of 2 325 patients with CHD were extracted from 20 hostpial information systems, who were divided into two groups, one group has 768 patients using Dengzhan Xixin, the other group has 1 557 patients without using Dengzhan Xixin. Using generalized boosted models (GBM) with propensity scores to balance confounding factors and using three Logistic regressions to analysis the cure rates of coronary heart disease. The results is that 72 knowing confounding factors between two groups, such as: age, admission condition, dying days, regression coefficients of three Logistic regressions were negative (P < 0.05), statistically, the result of using Dengzhan Xixin injection to cure coronary heart disease is significantly higher than do not using Dengzhan Xixin injection. Propensity score could be a good method to balance confounding factors in a retrospective data analysis. However it is not a prospective research, the information from this study should be carefully referred to.

Effects of parenterally administered shenqi fuzheng on patient outcomes with tumor using propensity score / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Use propensity score methods to explore the effect of parenterally administered Shenqi Fuzheng on clinical outcome of patients with tumor.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HIS data from 20 hospitals was analyzed. Patients suffering from malignant tumor, ranging from 18 to 80 years, Were divided into the treatment group and control group. The treatment group was given parenterally administered Shenqi Fuzheng, the control group received other parenterally administered anti-cancer medicines. Various levels of controls for confounding factors were applied, including chi-square test, Fisher exact test, stratified analysis, logistic regression, and logistic regression based on adjusted propensity score, to assess parenterally administered Shenqi Fuzheng's clinical effects.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Stratified analysis showed that among elderly patients whose condition was classified as either 'urgent' or 'dangerous'. Comparing these two sub-groups it was found that the test P < 0.05. The treatment group had a significantly lower mortality rate than the control group. After adjusting for 72 confounding factors, the statistical results also show that the mortality rate overall in the treatment group was significantly lower than in the control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Analysis of HIS data showed that parenterally administered Shenqi Fuzheng can reduce mortality due to malignant cancer when compared to other available treatments.</p>

Exploration of clinical outcomes on coronary heart disease of parenterally administered dengzhan xixin using propensity score / 中国中药杂志

Parenterally administered Dengzhan Xixin is a common parenterally administered Chinese medicine for the treatment of coronary heart disease. The present research explored the application of parenterally administered Dengzhan Xixin on the clinical outcome of coronary disease. Hospital information system (HIS) data from 18 national, general hospitals was collected. Patients given parenterally administered Dengzhan Xixin in addition to other medications were compared with those not receiving it. General boosted method (GBM) and propensity score weighting was used to control for confounding variables between the groups. Logistic regression, and concomitant variable logistic regression of propensity score weighting were used to analyze the balanced confounding variable. Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in death rate. The combined application of parenterally administered Dengzhan Xixin can lower the death rate from coronary disease. However, there are still a large amount of unknown confounding variable to take into account and the present research is a retrospective study. Therefore, prospective studies are warranted.

Use propensity score method to analyze data about effectiveness of coronary heart disease treated by kudiezi injection / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Real world clinical research to evaluate the effect on coronary heart disease (CHD) of parenterally administered Kudiezi.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Eighteen nationwide general hospitals' hospital information systems (HIS) were searched for information on in patients treated with parenterally administered Kudiezi. Evaluation used generalized boosted models (GBM), and three types of logistic regression based on adjusted propensity score to balance confounding factors.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Two groups of coronary heart patients were compared, one group received parenterally administered Kudiezi and one did not. Seventy two confounding factors were identified and balanced by GBM. The three methods of logistic regression demonstrated that patients receiving parenterally administered Kudiezi had improved outcomes compared to those who did not receive the drug and this was statistically significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Parenterally administered Kudiezi is a potential adjuvant therapy in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Logistic regression based on adjusted propensity score can balance confounding factors in retrospective data analysis. However it's limitation is that it is not applicable in prospective studies.</p>

Analysis of salvianolate injection combined with usual drugs in treatment of coronary heart disease in real world / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Based on real world research the circumstances of the clinical use of usual drugs combined with salvianolate injection are surveyed.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Descriptive statistics on the use of salvianolate injection in 18 general hospitals in China.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In 1 605 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), salvianolate injection was most frequently (51%) combined with clopidogrel and isosorbide dinitrate. In addition this combination showed a higher clinical effectiveness as compared with other drug combinations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the real world, salvianolate injection combined with usual treatment was found to be more effective than other treatment combinations. In addition practice conformed to the clinical treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) guidelines for drug use. However, liver and kidney function, routine blood tests and the blood's coagulation function require ongoing monitoring.</p>

Clinical outcomes research on data analysis from hospital information system about Kudiezi injection / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the reality of clinical use for Kudiezi injection based on analyzing hospital information system from 18 hospitals in China.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Descriptive statistic methods were used in the analysis of 24 225 cases.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Patients using Kuediezi injection were mainly between 46 years old to 65 years old and there was a gender balance. Kuediezi injection was used most in neurology department and department of cardiology to treat coronary heart diseases and cerebral infarction. Patients who had Chinese medicine diagnosis were most about "Xiongbi"with syndrome qi-yin deficiency, and also more patients with syndrome qi-yin stagnation were treated by Kudiezi injection. The dosage of using Kudiezi was between 10 to 40 mL and treating course was between 1 to 3 days, with 0.9% sodium chloride.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although most of the patients received a right treatment of Kudiezi injection in clinical practice, there is still using Kudiezi injection for some diseases not on its drug instruction. We must remind those doctors who should be careful of using Kudiezi injection treating other diseases not on the instruction. This is just a retrospective and descriptive study, so prospective studies need to be developed in future to validate the results from this study.</p>

Study on the relationship between PMI and the concentration of 21 elements in vitreous humor of rabbit after death / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To seek a precise method for estimating postmortem interval (PMI) in forensic medicine practice.@*METHODS@#This study detected the concentration of 21 elements in the vitreous humor of rabbit within 96 hours after death and explored the relationship between their concentration and PMI using the method of ICP-MS.@*RESULT@#It was shown that the concentration of 9 elements in vitreous humor of rabbit within different intervals after death were correlated to PMI available as a reference indicator to estimate PMI.@*CONCLUSION@#The changes in the concentration of certain elements in vitreous humor of vitreous humor are correlated with PMI and determination of such changes can be used to estimate the time of death.

Study on the relationship between PMI and the concentration of zincum and nickel in the vitreous humor of rabbit after death / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To seek a exact method of estimating postmortem interval (PMI).@*METHODS@#This study detected the concentration of zincum(Zn) and nickel(Ni) in vitreous humor of rabbit at hour 96 after death and explored the relationship between their concentration and PMI using a method ICP-MS.@*RESULTS@#The concentration of Zn and Ni in vitreous humor of rabbit at hour 24 after death were related to PMI significantly; The formulae of the relationship between PMI and Zn concentrations is y = 0.1404x2 - 1.3351x + 3.8298 (within 24 h; R2 = 0.9202). The formula of the relationship between PMI and Ni concentrations is y = 0.0043x2 - 0.0596x + 0.2665(within 24 h; R2 = 0.9103).@*CONCLUSION@#The concentration of Zn and Ni in vitreous humor of rabbit may be a reference indicator to estimate early PMI.