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BACKGROUND:Glucocorticoids can inhibit the expression of hub genes in the parathyroid hormone type Ⅰ receptor(PTH1R)/protein kinase A(PKA)signaling axis and interfere with the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,leading to the disruption of blood supply in bone and bone tissue structures.Previous studies of the research team showed that Gubitongxiao granules can induce blood vessel formation and inhibit osteoblast apoptosis,which has a certain effect on the prevention and treatment of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis. OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effect of Gubitongxiao granules in a mouse model of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis,and to explore its mechanism from the PTH1R/PKA signaling axis. METHODS:An animal model of steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide and gluteal muscle injection of prednisolone acetate.After identification by nuclear magnetic resonance method,60 mice that were successfully modeled were divided into model group,Gubitongxiao granule group and Tongluo Shenggu capsule group,with 20 mice in each group.Another 12 normal mice were used as control group.The corresponding groups were intragastrically given the corresponding drugs for 12 weeks,and then the samples were taken under anesthesia.Histomorphology of femoral head samples was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase,type Ⅰ amino-terminal extension peptide,parathyroid hormone,osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase.Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect PTH1R,PKA,myocyte enhancer factor 2,sclerostin and guanylate-binding protein activity-stimulating peptide at protein and gene expression levels,respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gubitongxiao granules may reduce the serum PTH level in mice,inhibit the activation of the PTH1R/PKA signal axis,further up-regulate the protein expressions of sclerostin and myocyte enhancer factor 2,and increase the levels of bone alkaline phosphatase,type Ⅰ amino-terminal extension peptide,osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase in mice,thus improving femoral head necrosis,which is comparable to the intervention effect of Tongluo Shenggu capsules.It is speculated that Gubitongxiao granules may prevent and treating hormonal femoral head necrosis by regulating the PTH1R/PKA signaling axis.
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Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology has the characteristics of high specificity and high throughput, making it rapidly applied and developed in the field of clinical testing. Its application in the monitoring of therapeutic drugs can effectively improve the quantitative accuracy and sensitivity, and formulate a personalized and optimal dosing plan for patients. However, this technology still faces some challenges, and automation, quality control, and quantitative traceability will be the future development direction.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical outcomes of Ortho-Bridge Combination System (OBCS) to achieve precise ulna-shortening osteotomy (USO) in the treatment of ulnar impaction syndrome.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the 25 patients with ulnar impaction syndrome who had been treated at Institute of Orthopedic Trauma Research, The 920th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army between January 2020 to March 2022. The patients all underwent USO using OBCS. They were 14 females and 11 males with an age of (43.2 ± 10.1) years. Their CT scans were retrieved for preoperative planning and design of a personalized USO. Intraoperatively, OBCS was fixated to the ulna before USO. After the bone was resected according to preoperative planning, the gap between the osteotomy sites was closed with compression, and OBCS was finally fixated with locking screws. The time for bone union after resection, complications, range of motion and grip strength were recorded. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Mayo wrist score.Results:All patients completed their operations successfully using OBCS. Their follow-up time was (13.5 ± 1.2) months. The ulnar variation was corrected and osteotomy ends got united in all patients, without nonunion, angulation, or rotation. The wrist VAS significantly decreased from 6.0 (5.0, 6.5) points before operation to 2.0 (1.0, 2.0) points at the last follow-up ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, the Mayo wrist score [(85.4 ± 8.9) points], grip strength [(39.4 ± 1.2) kg], wrist flexion-extension (111.9° ± 12.6°), wrist pronation-supination (133.2° ± 15.7°), and ulnar radial deviation (35.3° ± 2.8°) were significantly increased compared with the preoperative values [(69.2 ± 13.3) points, (31.3 ± 5.2) kg, 102.0° ± 16.0°, 128.0° ± 15.5°, and 32.2° ± 2.8°] ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of ulnar impaction syndrome, OBCS can facilitate the process of USO, correct ulnar variance, and avoid complications like rotation and angulation to improve functions of the wrist.
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of digital reconstruction technology in assisted design of lobulated deep inferior epigastric perforator flap (DIEPF) for surgical reconstruction of large defect in lower extremity.Methods:From January 2017 to January 2022, a study was carried out to retrospectively analyse 8 patients who had massive soft tissue defects in lower extremities were admitted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the 920 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese PLA. The size of defects varied from 16.0 cm×12.0 cm-28.0 cm×22.0 cm. CTA scans were performed over abdominal aorta and the arteries of lower extremities. Three-dimensional model of DIEPF and vascular pedicles were reconstructed by Mimics software. According to the shape and size of the wound, targeted perforators were determined on the 3D images, and precisely mapped in a digitised rectangular coordinate system. The lobulated flap was then digitally designed in the 3D coordinate system. Flaps were harvested according to preoperative digital designs for the reconstruction of large defects in the lower extremities. The donor site was sutured directly. The flaps and recovery of lower extremities were observed though postoperative follow-ups and were conducted through visits of outpatient clinics and distance interviews via telephone and WeChat. Recoveries of lower extremities were evaluated using Maryland ankle-foot function scoring system.Results:The 3D reconstructed models of the vessels in donor sites were successfully completed for all patients. The harvests of lobulated DIEPF were successfully guided by the digital designs. Fifteen lobes of lobulated DIEPF survived successfully in all 8 patients. All donor sites were closed in the stage-I. Necrosis occurred at the distal tip of a lobulated flap due to a local venous occlusion, and healed after debridement and re-suture. Four patients received further flap debulking surgery. Time of postoperative follow-ups had ranged 15-27 months, with an average of 20 months. At the last follow-up, all the flaps had satisfactory appearance with linear scars at the donor sites. All fractures were healed. Five patients achieved Maryland's ankle-foot function score in excellent, 2 in good, and 1 was acceptable.Conclusion:Digital reconstruction technology can accurately map the perforators and reasonably assist the design of lobulated flaps. A lobulated DIEPF offers a wider area for flap excision and allows a primary closure of the donor sites. Combination of the 2 advantages of a lobulated DIEPF can be effectively applied in reconstruction of a large-sized defect in lower extremity.
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Objective:To introduce the concept and procedures of precise flap surgery in construction of knee defects and to report the preliminary clinical outcomes.Methods:The data of 16 patients with knee defects at 17 sides were retrospectively analyzed who had been treated under the guidance of the concept of precise flap surgery at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The 920th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA from August 2014 to March 2022. There were 12 males and 4 females, aged 44(34, 54) years. The wounds were at the left side in 8 cases, at the right side in 7 ones and at bilateral sides in one, and their sizes ranged from 5 cm×3 cm to 15 cm×11 cm. The time from injury to surgery was 8.5(6.0, 13.0) days. Optimal repair protocols were chosen after the donor and recipient sites were evaluated according to the methods of precise flap surgery: a retrograde anterolateral thigh flap in 7 sides, a descending genicular artery perforator flap in 3 ones, a saphenous artery flap in 2 ones, and a superior genicular lateral artery perforator flap, a popliteal artery perforator flap, a medial sural perforator propeller flap, a peroneal artery perforator propeller flap, and a randomized flap in one, respectively. The flap sizes ranged from 10 cm×6 cm to 15 cm×15 cm. The outcomes and complications of skin flap repair, and functional recovery of the affected limb were recorded.Results:All the flaps at 17 sides survived after surgery; 3 cases developed distal edge necrosis which responded to dressing change. The follow-ups for the 16 patients were 14.5(10.0, 28.0) months. All the flaps presented with good color, texture and contour. Flap bulking, local osteomyelitis, and scar ulcer was found in one case respectively. According to the revascularization assessments in the digital replantation criteria by Hand Surgery Society, Chinese Medical Association, all the flaps at 17 sides were excellent. Accoding to the knee functional evaluation of Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) at the last follow-up, the 17 affected limbs scored 86(80,91) points, yielding 9 excellent, 7 good and 1 fair sides.Conclusion:Although the defects and donor sites around the knee vary greatly, precise flap surgery may lead to effective control of the variations, choice of an optimal reconstruction protocol, and precise wound repair.
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To investigate the crucial role of particle size in the biological effects of nanoparticles, a series of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared with particle size gradients (50, 100, 150, 200 nm) with the traditional Stober method and adjusting the type and ratio of the silica source. The correlation between toxicity and size-caused biological effects were then further examined both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that the prepared MSNs had a uniform size, good dispersal, and ordered mesoporous structure. Hemolytic toxicity was found to be independent of particle size. At the cellular level, MSNs with smaller particle sizes were more readily internalized by cells, which initiated to more intense oxidative stress, therefor inducing higher cytotoxicity, and apoptosis rate. In vivo studies demonstrated that MSNs primarily accumulated in the liver and kidneys of mice. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that larger MSNs were eliminated more efficiently by the urinary system than smaller MSNs. The mice's body weight monitoring, blood tests, and pathological sections of major organs indicated good biocompatibility for MSNs of different sizes. Animal welfare and the animal experimental protocols were strictly consistent with related ethics regulations of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Overall, this study prepared MSNs with a particle size gradient to investigate the correlation between toxicity and particle size using macrophages and endothelial cells. The study also examined the biosafety of MSNs with different particle sizes in vivo and in vitro, which could help to improve the safety design strategy of MSNs for drug delivery systems.
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Objective:To investigate the potential of the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) renal risk score (ARRS) in predicting the prognosis of children with ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (AAGN).Methods:Laboratory testing, renal pathology results, treatment and prognosis of 61 children with AAGN diagnosed by renal biopsy from June 2007 to May 2022 in General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command were retrospectively analyzed.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the overall and renal survival of children with AAGN, and risk factors of progression to end stage renal disease (ESRD) were analyzed by Cox regression analysis. Results:Among the 61 children with AAGN, there were 14 males and 47 females with the age of (15.65±3.74) years.According to ARRS, AAGN children were assigned into low-risk group (27 cases), medium-risk group (21 cases) and high-risk group (13 cases). During a median follow-up duration of 46.36 (14.58, 95.62) months, the number of ESRD cases in the high-risk group (9 cases) was significantly higher than that of low-risk group (2 cases) and medium-risk group (3 cases) ( χ2=13.079, P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that AAGN children in the high-risk group had the worst renal prognosis ( χ2=5.796, P=0.016), while no significant difference was detected in the overall survival among the 3 groups ( χ2=2.883, P=0.237). Multivariate Cox regression showed that estimate glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)≤15 mL/(min·1.73 m 2) ( HR=9.574, 95% CI: 4.205-25.187, P=0.015) and ARRS ( HR=2.115, 95% CI: 1.206-4.174, P=0.012) were independent risk factors for children with AAGN progress to ESRD.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of ARRS for predicting the risk of progressing to ESRD in AAGN children was 0.880 (95% CI: 0.759-1.000), and the optimal cutoff value of ARRS was 5.50, with the sensitivity and specificity of 85.71% and 82.98%, respectively. Conclusions:ARRS was an independent risk factor for children with AAGN progress to ESRD, which had a predictive value for the progression of AAGN to ESRD.
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Objective:To investigate clinical characteristics for in-stent reocclusion lesions after coronary stent implantations in aged patients.Methods:229 patients diagnosed with chronic total reocclusions were recruited from Jan 2005 to Dec 2019 in this retrospective study.According to age, patients were divided into a 40-49 year-old group(n=60), a 50-59 year-old group(n=58), a 60-69 year-old group(n=55), and a 70-80 year-old group(n=56)to examine different lesion characteristics after coronary stent implantations.Results:In the 40-49 year-old group, the 50-59 year-old group, the 60-69 year-old group and the 70-80 year-old group, the rates of multi-vessel reocclusions were 11.6%, 15.5%, 21.8% and 25.0%, respectively( χ2=10.03, P=0.01). For each group, lesions with concurrent proximal and middle coronary reocclusions accounted for 8.3%, 12.0%, 30.9% and 35.7%, respectively( χ2=11.83, P=0.005); Reocclusions with severe coronary calcification accounted for 6.6%, 15.5%, 36.3% and 37.5%, respectively( χ2=11.56, P=0.006); Long coronary reocclusion lesions(36-47 mm)accounted for 15.0%, 17.2%, 21.8% and 25.0%, respectively( χ2=11.56, P=0.007); Coronary reocclusions with diffuse long calcified lesions accounted for 8.3%, 13.7%, 32.7% and 35.7%, respectively( χ2=10.80, P=0.01). Conclusions:The clinical characteristics of in-stent reocclusion lesions after coronary stent implantations include multiple chronic total coronary reocclusions, concurrent proximal and middle coronary reocclusions, heavily calcified coronary reocclusions, long coronary reocclusions and diffuse long calcified coronary reocclusions in aged patients.
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Objective:To observe the effects of high copper diet on neurobehavioral functions and synaptic associated protein expression in hippocampus of rats.Methods:Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and high copper diet group with 15 rats in each group according to the random number table method. The rats in control group were fed with ordinary diet and ordinary water, while the rats in high-copper diet group were fed with high-copper diet containing 1 g/kg copper sulfate and 0.185% copper sulfate deionized water for 12 weeks. The content of copper in serum and hippocampus of rats were detected by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES) and ICP-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). The neurobehavioral indicators were detected by stereotypic behavior test, open field test and Morris water maze test. The expression levels of microtubule associated protein 2(MAP2) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) in hippocampus were detected by Western blot.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and two independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Results:Compared with the control group, the content of serum copper((1.67±0.69)mg/L, (1.98±0.24)mg/L, t=17.53, P<0.05) and hippocampal free copper((3.52±1.24)mg/g, (4.78±0.57)mg/g, t=10.34, P<0.05) in the high copper diet group increased significantly, and the stereotypic behavior score increased significantly ((0.29±0.08), (2.97±0.72), t=14.33, P<0.01), the number of space crossing in the open field experiment ((153.40±24.73)points, (92.46±19.46)points, t=7.50, P<0.01) and the times of standing((19.34±1.98)times, (10.57±2.71)times, t=10.12, P<0.01) were significantly decreased. The average latency in Morris water maze navigation test was significantly prolonged ((3.14±1.67)s, (8.29±2.26)s, t=7.10, P<0.01), the number of crossing the original platform position in the space exploration test decreased significantly ((7.89±2.48)times, (2.98±1.73) times, t=3.23, P<0.01). Compared with control group, protein levels of GAP43((1.03±0.05), (0.48±0.02), t=39.56, P<0.05)and MAP2((0.93±0.05), (0.30±0.08), t=25.86, P<0.05) of high copper diet group were significantly decreased. Conclusion:High copper diet causes abnormality in a variety of neurobehavioral function indexes in rats, and a decrease in expression of MAP2 and GAP43 at the synaptic interface of hippocampal neurons may be involved in the process of learning and memory impairment in the neurobehavioral functions.
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Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)for the treatment of chronic functional constipation in the elderly.Methods:A total of 33 elderly patients with chronic functional constipation were included and given three sessions of FMT.Changes in fecal characteristics, constipation, mood and quality of life in these patients were evaluated using the Bristol stool form scale(BSFS), the constipation assessment scale(CAS), patient assessment of constipation symptoms(PAC-SYM), the Zung self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), the Zung self-rating depression scale(SDS), and the patient assessment of constipation quality of life(PAC-QOL)before and 12 weeks after treatment.The clinical efficacy was based on comparison between pre-and post-treatment results for each patient.Results:Clear improvement was achieved in 33 patients 12 weeks after treatment, compared with before transplantation.Post-treatment scores of the constipation assessment scale and symptom self-assessment questionnaire for patients with constipation were(8.9±1.2)scores and(26.5±2.4)scores, respectively, significantly lower than pre-transplantation scores of(12.2±1.1)scores and(32.4±2.4)scores( t=15.034, 13.904, both P<0.001). Similarly, post-treatment scores were also lower than pre-transplantation levels for the self-rating anxiety scale[(50.4±8.4)scores vs.(57.5±9.0)scores, t=10.333, P<0.001], the self-rating depression scale[(50.6±8.4)% vs.(55.0±10.5)%, t=5.301, P<0.001], and self-assessment questionnaire for quality of life[(88.2±7.3)scores vs.(103.7±7.3)scores, t=23.300, P<0.001]. Conclusions:FMT can improve fecal characteristics and constipation symptoms, relieve anxiety and depression, improve the quality of life, and provide a new option for the treatment for elderly patients with chronic functional constipation.
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Objective:To estimate the preliminary result of circumflex scapular perforator propeller flap in reconstruction of axillary scar contractures.Methods:From January 2016 to June 2021, circumflex scapular perforator propeller flaps were used in 7 cases for reconstruction of soft tissue defect after axillary scar contractures. Patients were 5 males and 2 females. Age ranged from 23 to 38 years old, mean age of 27.7 years old. According to Kurtzman and Stern classification of axillary scar contractures, there were 1 case with type 1a, 1 with type 1b, 2 with type 2, and 3 with type 3. The preoperative range of motion of the shoulder joint were 40°-85°, with an average of 63.7°. All the patients were underwent scar release and circumflex scapular perforator propeller flap transfer. All flaps were transferred as the manner of perforator propeller flap. All the donor sites were closed directly. The defects after releasing ranged from 5.0 cm×7.0 cm to 11.0 cm×9.0 cm, and the flaps ranged from 16.0 cm×7.0 cm to 24.0 cm×9.0 cm. Flap survival, complications of donor site and recipient site were recorded after surgery. The range of motion of the shoulder joint, donor and recipient sites were reviewed in outpatient clinic.Results:All flaps survived uneventfully after surgery, besides 1 case complicated with distal venous congestion. The follow-up time ranged from 6 to 23 months, with an average of 12 months. The texture and contour of the flaps were good in all. At last follow-up, the range of motion of the shoulder joints were 90°-120°, with an average of 107°. Mild scar hyperplasia occurred in 2 cases.Conclusion:The circumflex scapular perforator propeller flap is an effective protocol in reconstruction of axillary scar contractures.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical value of digital technology in repair of soft tissue defect in hand by anterior tibial artery perforator flap.Methods:From January 2015 to February 2021, 9 patients with soft tissue defects in hand were repaired with anterior tibial artery perforator flap assisted by digital technology in flap design, including 6 males and 3 females aged from 19 to 63 years with a mean age of 33 years. The size of defects varied from 2.0 cm×1.5 cm to 4.0 cm×3.0 cm, with exposed bones or tendons. Preoperative CTA scan of lower limb was performed and three-dimensional image was reconstructed with Mimics 20.0. The anterior tibial artery perforator flap was designed according to the shape and size of the defect, then the resection of flap was digitally simulated. The flap based on the digital design was harvested and the defect was repaired in the operation. The size of flap was 2.5 cm×2.0 cm~4.5 cm×3.5 cm. Outpatient clinic follow-up was performed to evaluate the survival of flaps. Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand(DASH) was used for function evaluation.Results:All flaps were harvested successfully and all donor sites were closed directly. After surgery, 8 flaps survived completely. One flap developed venous occlusion that showed partial necrosis of the flap, and it was rescued after exploration and re-anastomosis. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 21 months, with an average of 13 months. The DASH scores of the affected limb were 2 to 15 points at the last follow-up, with an average of 6.4 points. Mild scar hyperplasia occurred at donor site in 1 case without sensory abnormality.Conclusion:The digital technology is able to accurately locate the perforators by allowing an individualised design of the anterior tibial artery perforator flap. The flap is suitable for repair of small and medium-sized soft tissue defect in hand, and the digital technology has certain value in clinical application.
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of Rituximab (RTX) in treating children with refractory steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS).Methods:The clinical data of 10 children with refractory SRNS receiving RTX in the Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital from September 2013 to March 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:The age of onset of 10 children (including 5 males and 5 females) was (4.47±2.75) years old.The renal biopsy showed focal segmental glomerular sclerosis in 5 cases (50%), minimal change nephropathy in 3 cases (30%), IgM nephropathy in 1 case (10%), and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in 1 case (10%). Ten children received RTX treatment (1 or 4 doses; 375 mg/m 2 once; maximum: 500 mg) at the age of (6.74±2.62) years old.There were 8 patients (80%) receiving a single dose of RTX, 1 patient (10%) receiving 3 doses, and 1 patient (10%) receiving 8 doses.The follow-up time was 11.93 (5.17, 25.66) months.The remission rates at the 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up and last follow-up were 30% (3 patients), 40% (4 patients), and 40% (4 patients), respectively.The 24-hour urinary proteinuria and serum albumin levels were improved in 10 children after RTX treatment, but there were no significant statistical difference(all P>0.05). No significant difference was found in humoral immunity and renal function before and after RTX treatment (all P>0.05). During the treatment and follow-up, 3 patients (30%) developed infusion reaction, 2 patients (20%) showed severe pulmonary infection, and 1 patient (10%) died of severe pulmonary infection. Conclusions:RTX is effective in treating some children with refractory SRNS, and a long-term follow-up should be conducted to prevent infection.
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This study was designed to evaluate the role of short-chain fatty acid butyrate acid on intestinal morphology and function, and atherosclerotic plaque formation in apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE
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Animales , Humanos , Ratones , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Aterosclerosis/prevención & control , Butiratos/farmacología , Células CACO-2 , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Ácidos Grasos Volátiles , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Noqueados , Placa AteroscleróticaRESUMEN
Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of microwave ablation plus curettage.Methods:Clinical data of a single group of 12 patients admitted to our hospital from June 2015 to June 2019 who underwent microwave ablation for bone metastasis were retrospectively analyzed. There were 7 males and 5 females, with an average age of 59.5±10.1 (range from 43 to 79) years old. Curettage plus bone cement after microwave ablation was performedand when the lesion involved the sacroiliac joint surface and impaired the bearing arch, the internal fixation was performed with plate and screws. 8 among the 12 patients underwent curettage, bone cement and metal internal fixation after microwave ablation. After microwave ablation, and 4 patients underwent curettage and reconstruction with bone cement alone. The patients were followed up aftersurgery. The observational indicators included: patient survival rate, local recurrence rate, perioperative complications, Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, VAS score, SF-36 score, and MSTS function score. VAS scores and SF-36 scores were recorded before surgery, 1 week after surgery and 3 months after surgery.Results:12 patients were followed up for 4-27 months, with an average follow-up time of 14.2 months and a median follow-up time of 9 months. During the follow-up, 7 patients died and 5 survived, with a 6-month survival rate of 81.8%, a 1-year survival rate of 40.9% and a 2-year survival rate of 27.3%. The mean survival time of the dying patients was 8.8 months (5-18 months), and the median survival time was 7 months. Operation time was 101±21 min and intraoperative blood loss was 295±108 ml. During the follow-up period, local recurrence rate was 8.3% (1/12), and the average postoperative time to recurrence was 4 months. There were no complications such as wound nonunion, wound infection, deep infection, vascular nerve heat injury and internal fixation failure. VAS score before surgery was 7.5 (7, 8) points, VAS score 1 week after surgery was 5 (4, 5) points, and VAS score 3 months after surgery was 5 (4, 5.75) points ( P<0.05). Preoperative SF-36 score was 23 (21, 24.75) points, 1 week after surgery SF-36 score was 47 (46, 54) points, and 3 months after surgery SF-36 score was 50.5 (47, 55.25) points ( P<0.05). 3 months after the operation, the MSTS score was 20.5 (16.25, 21.75) points, of which excellent 16.7% (2/12), good 50% (6/12), medium 16.7% (2/12), poor 16.7% (2/12), and the overall excellent and good rate was 66.7% (8/12). Conclusion:Microwave ablation plus curettage for pelvic metastasis of malignant tumor can significantly relieve local pain, rebuild limb function and improve patients' quality of life, and it`s an alternative treatment for pelvic metastases.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of tacrolimus (TAC) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in children with refractory IgA nephropathy (IgAN).Methods:The diagnosis of refractory IgAN was defined as urinary protein level ≥ 50 mg·kg -1·d -1 after treatment with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blocker and prednisone. Following the case-control matching method, 76 children with renal biopsy diagnosed as refractory IgAN in the Jinling Hospital from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2016 were retrospectively selected, and the children were divided into TAC group (38 cases) and MMF group (38 cases). The 24 h urinary protein quantity (24hUP), serum albumin (Alb), serum creatinine (Scr), serum uric acid (UA), serum glucose (Glu), adverse reactions and treatment effects were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in the age, sex ratio, blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24hUP, urine red blood cell count (U-RBC), Scr, Alb, BUN, aspartate transarninase (AST), alanine transarninase (ALT), Glu, pathological Oxford classification, and the proportions of big-dose methylprednisolone treatment before using immunosuppressants between the two groups (all P>0.05), and they were comparable. From 3 months after treatment, the 24hUP levels of the two groups were significantly lower than those of the baseline (all P<0.05), and the 24hUP levels of TAC group were lower than those of MMF group at 3, 6 and 12 months (all P<0.05). The Alb level of TAC group was significantly higher than the baseline value from 1 month of treatment ( P<0.05), while the Alb level in the MMF group was significantly higher from 3 months of treatment ( P<0.05). The Alb levels in the TAC group were higher than those in MMF group after 1, 3, and 6 month of treatment (all P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in Alb level at 12 months between the two groups. The total effective rate, complete remission rate and ineffectiveness rate of the TAC group all showed significant differences with the MMF group from 3 month of treatment (all P<0.05), but there was no difference between the two groups during the follow-up period of partial remission rate, point recurrence rate and cumulative recurrence rate (all P>0.05). The TAC group achieved the maximum effective rate at 6 months (94.7%), while the MMF group achieved the maximum effective rate at 12 months (68.4%), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=8.756, P=0.003). The incidence of adverse reactions in two groups had not significant difference (15.8% vs 21.1%, χ2=0.350, P=0.554). However, the blood glucose of TAC group was higher than that of MMF group in the third month of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant [5.02(4.72, 5.22) mmol/L vs 4.42 (4.19, 5.07) mmol/L, Z=-2.745, P=0.006]. Conclusion:Both TAC and MMF in the treatment of refractory IgAN result in a good treatment effect in children, but the TAC reaches the response level faster and the response rate is higher.
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Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a sudden-onset polio-like neuromuscular disability found commonly in young children. There is an increasing incidence of confirmed AFM cases in the USA and other countries in recent years, and in association with nonpolio enterovirus infection. This represents a significant challenge to clinicians and causes significant concern to the general public. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is the long-known limb paralytic syndrome caused by a viral pathogen. AFM is a subset of AFP that is also characterized by a limb paralytic condition, but it has certain distinct features such as lesions in magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord gray matter. AFM leads to spinal cord, brainstem, or motor neuron dysfunction. The clinical phenotypes, pathology, and patient presentation of AFM closely mimic AFP. This article provides a concise overview of our current understanding of AFM and the clinical features that distinguish AFM from AFP and similar other neurological infectious and autoimmune diseases or disorders. We also discuss the diagnosis, clinical pathology, possible pathogenetic mechanisms, and currently available therapies.
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Objective:This study aims to observe the clinical efficacy of Tongqiao Huoxuetang in treating blood stasis resistance type vascular cognitive impairment, and explore its mechanism of action. Method:A total of 60 patients who met the inclusion standards and were diagnosed as blood stasis resistance type vascular cognitive impairment were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 30 patients in each group. Donepezil hydrochloride was administered orally in control group based on internal medicine treatment at an initial dose of 5 mg/day, changed to 10 mg/day 4 weeks later. Patients in treatment group additionally received Tongqiao Huoxuetang based on donepezil hydrochloride. Both groups were treated for 3 months. Changes of symptoms were assessed by syndrome scores; cognitive function was assessed by the mini-mental scale (MMSE); daily living ability was assessed by the activity of daily living scale (ADL), and changes of local blood perfusion (CBF value) was assessed by brain magnetic resonance perfusion imaging arterial spin labeling (MRI-ASL). Changes of homocysteine levels in plasma were measured by using an automated biochemical analyzer. Result:① The values of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome scores (SDSVD) were significantly improved in both groups after treatment, and the improvement was more obvious than that of control group (PPPPP P Conclusion:The combination of Tongqiao Huoxuetang combined with donepezil hydrochloride can effectively improve the cognitive ability and daily living ability of the patients with vascular dementia, improve the cerebral blood flow perfusion and decrease the level of homocysteine, so it is worth popularizing in clinical practice.
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Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring in patients with critical neurological disease, and the related factors affecting their prognosis. Methods The clinical data of 207 patients with critical neurological disease admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (South District) from January 2016 to March 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, they were assigned into an AKI group (40 cases) and a non-AKI group (167 cases), and according to the prognosis, the patients with AKI were subdivided into a survival subgroup (14 cases) and a death subgroup (26 cases). Clinical data of Glasgow coma score (GCS), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ), blood glucose, white blood cell count (WBC), central venous pressure (CVP), blood sodium, cystatin C, urea nitrogen (BUN) etc. index levels and the proportions of patients using glycerin fructose and furosemide before occurrence of AKI were collected. The indexes with statistical significant differences found in the univariate analysis were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis to screen out the risk factors influencing the occurrence of AKI and the factors related to the prognosis of the AKI patients; the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to assess the predictive value of risk factors in patients with severe neurological disease to develop AKI. Results The incidence of AKI was 19.3% (40/207) in the patients with critical neurological disease. The hospital mortality in AKI group was significantly higher than that in the non-AKI group [65.0% (26/40) vs. 22.2% (37/167), P < 0.01]. Compared with non-AKI group, GCS (4.44±1.65 vs. 5.39±1.62), CVP [cmH2O (1 cmH2O = 0.098 kPa): 7.69±2.66 vs. 8.98±2.56] were obviously lower in AKI group at admission, APACHEⅡ(24.50±3.67 vs. 20.05±4.42), blood glucose (mmol/L: 12.33±6.53 vs. 9.33±3.26), serum sodium (mmol/L: 144.75±10.85 vs. 140.58±5.23), WBC (×109/L: 16.15±6.25 vs. 12.79±4.22), Cystatin C (mg/L: 1.27±0.74 vs. 0.74±0.26) and BUN (mmol/L: 7.81±3.33 vs. 5.53±3.20) and proportion of male [77.5% (31/40) vs. 59.9% (100/167)], patients with the comorbidity of hypotension [37.5% (15/40) vs. 19.8% (33/167)], use of glycerin fructose [17.5% (17/40) vs. 3.6% (6/167)], or use of furosemide [70.0% (28/40) vs. 13.8%(6/167)] were significantly increased in AKI group, there was a statistically significant difference between the above two groups (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the hyperglycemia [odds ratio (OR) = 1.201, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.01-1.42, P < 0.05] and use of furosemide for treatment (OR = 24.493, 95%CI =4.92-120.36, P < 0.01) were the independent risk factors for occurrence of AKI in critical neurological patients. ROC curve analysis showed that blood sugar had certain predictive value of developing AKI in patients with critical neurological disease, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of blood glucose was 0.733, when the optimal cut-off value of blood glucose was 9.05 mmol/L, the sensitivity was 77.5% and the specificity was 62.6%. Compared with the survival subgroup in the patients with AKI, the GCS at admission in death subgroup was significantly lower (3.77±0.87 vs. 5.50±2.03), but their levels of blood glucose (mmol/L: 16.51±9.10 vs. 10.09±2.89) and BUN (mmol/L: 10.26±3.07 vs. 6.48±2.70) were obviously higher than those in the survival subgroup (all P < 0.05). Conclusion AKI is one of the common complications in patients with critical neurological disease, hyperglycemia and the use of furosemide are the independent risk factors of occurrence of AKI in such patients; the blood glucose has moderate predictive value; and lower GCS, higher glucose and BUN levels in AKI patients may enhance their risk of death.
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Objective To observe the long_term efficacy and adverse reactions of Rituximab( RTX)in the treatment of children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome(PRNS),and to explore the feasible treatment plan of RTX in children with PRNS. Methods PRNS children with RTX[375 mg∕(m2·time),2_3 times]from Depart_ment of Dediatrics,Jinling Hospital,Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical University between Pebruary 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed,and followed up for 12 _36 months. Age,gender,number of relapses, dose of steroids and immunosuppressants,adverse reactions and laboratory indicators(peripheral blood CD20 ﹢B lympho_cyte count,24_hour urine protein quantification,etc)were observed. Results Thirty_four patients(23 males and 11 females)with PRNS were included in the present study,and the median age for the first RTX treatment was 6 years (2_12 years). After the first treatment,there was complete remission in 34 patients(100%,34∕34 cases),and 12 pa_tients(35%,12∕34 cases)relapsed during follow_up. The number of relapse after treatment[(0. 27 ± 0. 45)times] significantly decreased compared with that before treatment[(2. 94 ± 1. 08)times;t﹦11. 9,P〈0. 05]. After the second treatment,3 children relapsed due to ＂infection＂ and no discomfort was found in the first 6 months;5 of 23 cases (21. 7%,5∕23 cases)relapsed once and 11 were unclear in the following 6 months. There was a difference between the 2 treatment intervals 〈12 months(12. 5%,2∕16 cases)and ≥12 months(55. 5%,10∕18 cases). After the third treatment,with an interval of 6 to 15 months,1 of 15 patients(6. 67%)relapsed and the rest were stable. In addition, there was a significant difference in the mean accumulated steroid dose of 20 patients between 6 months before treatment [(2. 50 ± 0. 87)g ]and 6 months after treatment[(1. 30 ± 0. 97)g;t﹦6. 05,P﹦0. 001]. Of the 15 patients after RTX treatment for 6_12 months Tacrolimus was reduced from[(1. 62 ± 0. 77)mg∕24 h ]to[(0. 62 ± 0. 96)mg∕24 h;t﹦6. 80,P﹦0. 000]. Two patients after RTX first infusion had chest tightness,palpitations,nausea,vomiting,dizzi_ness,and headache,3 cases had mild upper respiratory tract infection and 1 case had severe pulmonary infection. Conclusion Long_term follow_up of PRNS children treated with RTX turns out to be safe and effective.