Research of reversal effect of PESV to multi-drug resistance of leukemia stem cell / 中国中药杂志

Using the BALB/c mouse multidrug resistance model of leukemia, the effect of peptide extract from scorpion venom (PESV) to the upstream signal factors of P-gp of MDR leukemia stem cells on the mouse tumor block was observed, and the mechanism of PESV to reverse the MDR of LSC was studied. At the same time, the expression of P-gp, MDR1 mRNA and PI3-K, NF-κB were respectively detected through flow cytometry, RT-PCR, Western blot and Elisa, and the mouse liver, spleen were examined via histopathological methods. The results of the experiment were as follows: mice of the control group didn't show any obvious changes, while mice of the other six groups all showed arched back, emaciation, liver swell, and inflammation was found in all liver tissue. The expression level of P-gp and PI3K on the LSC membrane of mouse tumor block was down-regulated; the expression of MDR1 mRNA in the cytoplasm was obviously down in the PESV low dose group, and which was inordinately up in the middle dose group and the high dose group. The expression level of NF-κB in the leukemia stem cell nucleus remarkably decreased. PESV had a outstanding role of down-regulating PI3K, NF-κb, MDR1 which were all upstream factors of P-gp, and to a certain degree enhanced the sensitivity of LSC to ADM. Therefore, this experiment explained one of the mighty mechanism of PESV to reverse MDR of LSC, and provided a foundation to further study of combinational anti-cancer effects of PESV.

Establishment and identification of CML model via injection of K562 cells into the murine caudal vein / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to establish and identify the model of extramedullary infiltration of CML-NOD/SCID mice. 24 mice were irradiated with 270 cGy of (137)Cs and absorbed dose rate 80 cGy/min, and were randomly divided into test group I, test group II and control group. The mice in test group I and test group II were injected with 5×10(6) and 1×10(7) K562 cells per mouse respectively, the mice in control group were injected with 0.2 ml of normal saline. The general situation and survival time of these mice were monitored, the extramedullary infiltration of leukemia cells was detected by histopathology examination and RT-PCR. The results indicated that at 4 - 8 weeks after injection, all the mice of group I and group II displayed extramedullary infiltration, suggesting that CML/NOD-SCID model was successfully established. It is concluded that the model of extramedullary infiltration of CML/NOD-SCID mice can be established by injection K562 cells into caudal vein, and can be confirmed by histopathologic examination and detection of BCR-ABL fusion gene using RT-PCR.

Influence of polypeptide extract from scorpion venom on PI3K and p-Akt signaling protein expression and cell proliferation of K562 cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of polypeptide extract from scorpion venom (PESV) on PI3K, p-Akt signal protein regulating K562 cell apoptosis and its mechanism. The K562 cells were cultured with PESV for different time, the cell growth curve was determined by MTT method, the levels of PI3K and p-Akt proteins were detected by Western blot. The results showed that as compared with control group, the apoptosis rate of K562 cells treated with PESV increased, the levels of PI3K and p-Akt expression decreased. It is concluded that the PESV inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of K562 cells probably through suppressing the expression of PI3K and p-Akt signal proteins.

Renal protective effects of benidipine and valsartan in primary hypertension patients with proteinuria / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the renal protective effects between calcium channel blocker benidipine and angiotensin II receptor blocker valsartan in primary hypertension patients with proteinuria.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 236 patients were divided to low (< 1 g/24 h) and high (1 - 3 g/24 h) proteinuria groups and treated with benidipine (8 mg/d) or valsartan (80 mg/d) for 48 weeks. Blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and 24 h protein were measured at baseline, 12, 24 and 48 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood pressure was significantly and equally reduced in all treated groups (all P < 0.05 vs. baseline). GFR was also significantly and equally improved in all treated groups after 24 weeks treatments (all P < 0.05 at 24 weeks and 48 weeks). Proteinuria reduction at 24 and 48 weeks was more significant in patients treated with valsartan compared to patients treated with benidipine in low proteinuria group [24 weeks: (0.27 +/- 0.07) g/24 h vs. (0.39 +/- 0.06) g/24 h, P < 0.01; 48 weeks: (0.18 +/- 0.01) g/24 h vs. (0.30 +/- 0.05) g/24 h, P < 0.01].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The renal protection efficacy of valsartan and benidipine was similar in primary hypertensive patients with proteinuria.</p>

Effect of combined therapy with bailing capsule and benazepril on urinary albumin excretion rate and C-reactive protein in patients with early diabetic nephropathy / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of combined therapy with Bailing Capsule (BC) and benazepril on the levels of urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for exploring its protective effect on early diabetic nephropathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients with early diabetic nephropathy were randomly assigned to the control group treated by benazepril alone, and the treated group treated by BC and benazepril, and the treatment lasted for 16 weeks. The changes of UAER and CRP levels were measured to estimate the protective effect of the combined therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Levels of 24h urinary protein, UAER, CRP were (0.85 +/- 0.32) g/24 h, (83.34 +/- 38.27) microg/min, (2.67 +/- 1.72) mg/L before treatment in the control group, and (0.43 +/- 0.17) g/24 h, (71.22 +/- 31.12) microg/min, (1.05 +/- 0.78) mg/L after treatment and they were (0.87 +/- 0.31) g/24 h, (81.59 +/- 35.69) microg/min, (2.55 +/- 1.66) mg/L before treatment in treated group, and (0.25 +/- 0.29) g/24 h, (57.32 +/- 31.11) microg/min, (0.49 +/- 0.38) mg/L after treatment respectively, all of them decreased after treatment in both groups, showing significant differences as compared with those before treatment (P<0.05, P< 0.01), and the reduction in the treated group was more significant (P<0.01); meanwhile, levels of serum creatinine, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c had somewhat decrease, showing no statistical difference with those before treatment (P >0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined use of BC and benazepril could significantly lower the UAER and CRP levels in patients with early diabetic nephropathy to alleviate the renal impairment, showing an effect better than that of using benazepril alone.</p>

Application of NOD/SCID mice in research of experimental hematology - review / 中国实验血液学杂志

NOD/SCID (non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient) mice are immune deficient mice which are made by backcross of severe combined immunodeficient mice with non-obese diabetic mice strains. NOD/SCID mice are both innate immune deficiencies and lack of T and B lymphocytes. Various tumor cells can be implanted in this kind of mice, the rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) occur fewer. Therefore, NOD/SCID mice gradually become a useful tool for the study on Experimental Hematology. This paper comprehensively reviews the biological characteristics of NOD/SCID mice, the establishment of human leukemia model, stem cell transplantation, drug research, deficiency and improvement of NOD/SCID mice in application for study.

Regulatory effect of nerve growth factor on release of substance P in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons of rat / 神经科学通报·英文版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the regulatory effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on basal and capsaicin-induced release of neuropeptide substance P (SP) in primary cultured embryonic rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DRGs were dissected from 15-day-old embryonic Wistar rats. DRG neurons were dissociated and cultured, and then exposed to different concentrations of NGF (10 ng/mL, 30 ng/mL, or 100 ng/mL) for 72 h. The neurons cultured in media without NGF served as control. RT-PCR were used for detecting the mRNAs of SP and vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) in the DRG neurons. The SP basal and capsaicin (100 nmol/L)-induced release in the culture were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SP mRNA and VR1 mRNA expression increased in primary cultured DRG neurons in a dose-dependent manner of NGF. Both basal release and capsaicin-evoked release of SP increased in NGF-treated DRG neurons compared with in control group. The capsaicin-evoked release of SP also increased in a dose-dependent manner of NGF.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NGF may promote both basal release and capsaicin-evoked release of SP. NGF might increase the sensitivity of nociceptors by increasing the SP mRNA or VR1 mRNA.</p>

Effect of 3' exonuclease activity of polymerase on extension of phosphorothioate-modified primers / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether 3'phosphorothioate-modified-2 terminal mismatched primers can turn off DNA polymerization mediated by Exo(+) polymerase.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two-directional primer extension was performed using polymerase with and without 3' exonuclease activity. The effects of unmodified primers and 3' phosphorothioate-modified primers on primer extension were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Exo(-) polymerase yielded products from matched and mismatched primers regardless of their modification. However, 3' phosphorothioate-modified primers with a single base mismatch at -2 position worked similarly to the terminal (-1) mismatched primers in triggering the novelly reported "off-switch" of Exo(+) polymerase.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These data suggested that the "off-switch" can be of enormous application in the diagnosis of single gene diseases and in the association studies by single nucleotide polymorphism screening.</p>

Differential gene expression of liver carcinoma cell after transfection of by ARL-1 with microarray / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the difference of the gene expression profile and to identify the different expression after transfection of the ARL-1 gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cDNA probes were synthesized from total RNA of study group and control group, which was differentially hybridized to cDNA chips and confirmed by a gene specific semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six kinds of gene expression were increased and 9 kinds of gene expression were decreased. The findings were correlated with protein metabolism, signal pathway, metastasis, and drug resistance.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>cDNA chips showed that gene expression profile of liver carcinoma cell was changed after transfection of the ARL-1 gene. It is a useful method in understanding the mechanism of drug resistance.</p>

p73 gene expression in apoptotic process of acute myeloid leukemia cell line U937 induced by methotrexate / 中国实验血液学杂志

The purpose of this investigation was to study the variation of p73 gene expression in the apoptotic process of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line U937 induced by methotrexate (MTX). Morphological changes of apoptotic cells were observed with microscopy and Wright's + Giemsa staining. DNA ladder and cell cycle were examined by agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry respectively. Using semi-quantitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the expression of p73 mRNA was examined. Results showed that MTX could induce U937 cell apoptosis effectively. Condensed nuclei, fragmentation of chromosome and DNA ladder were seen after 6 hour following treatment of MTX 5 micro mol/L. Sub-G(1) peak and S + G(2)/M arrest were also determined by FCM, but the quantity of p73 expression was generally constant. In conclusion, U937 cell apoptosis induced by MTX did not change p73 mRNA level.