Association between higher blood pressure level in children and adult blood pressure: 17 years follow-up results / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Essential hypertension may begin at childhood. The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors of hypertension and detect the evolvement tracking of blood pressure in childhood.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, we followed up blood pressure changes in 4623 school children (6 - 15 years-old) from 1987 to 2005 in Hanzhong rural area. A total of 152 children were grouped to higher blood pressure group [systolic blood pressure (P(SBP)) >or= 75(th) (P(75))] and 140 children grouped to normal blood pressure group [P(SBP) < 50(th) (P(50))] and their blood pressure were re-measure 18-years later.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total follow-up rate was 70.2%. Follow-up blood pressure was significantly higher in higher blood pressure group at baseline than that in normal blood pressure group at baseline (P < 0.05). The hypertension rate at follow up was significantly higher in higher blood pressure group at baseline than that in normal blood pressure group at baseline (28.0% vs. 4.1%, P < 0.01). The risk for hypertension was 6.88 greater in higher blood pressure group at baseline than that in normal blood pressure group at baseline.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Higher blood pressure at childhood is a risk of developing hypertension at adulthood.</p>

Long term observation in effects of potassium and calcium supplementation on arterial blood pressure and sodium metabolism in adolescents with higher blood pressure / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of potassium and calcium supplementation in table salt on reduction of arterial blood pressure and sodium metabolism in adolescents with higher blood pressure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A single blind placebo-controlled trial was carried out for two years in 220 adolescents with higher blood pressure, aged 18 - 22 years, who were randomly divided into supplementary group (n = 110) and control group (n = 110). Each of the subjects in the supplementary group and their family members was given 10 mmol of potassium and 10 mmol of calcium mixed in their table salt daily for 24 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Night urinary sodium and potassium excretion increased (urinary Na(+), P < 0.05; urinary K(+), P < 0.01) and blood pressure lowered by 5.3 mm Hg/1.8 mm Hg in average from the baseline in the supplementary group two years after potassium and calcium supplementation, as compared with that in the control group increased by (1.3/1.7) mm Hg.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Adequate supplement of potassium and calcium in daily table salt intake was an effective way to prevent form hypertension and could promote their urinary sodium excretion and reduction of arterial blood pressure in adolescents with higher blood pressure.</p>