RESUMEN
The clinical features of 120 severe cases with hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) were retrospectively analyzed compared with those of the regular cases. Clinical data showed that the age of mostsevere cases ranged from 1-3 years. Sustained high fever ( 55% ) , hypertension ( 40% ) , fewer rash (73.3%) were important clinical features. Lethargy, somnolence or restlessness (70. 8% ), vomiting (30. 8% ) were early signs of central nervous system ( CNS) ; and the CNS involvement in severe cases was characterized by body trembling or muscle spasm (80% ). High white cell count(75. 8% ) and high blood glucose levels(32. 5% ) were important makers to diagnose the severe HFMD at early stage. There were significant differences in presentation of above features between severe cases and regular cases of HFMD ( P < 0. 01 or P < 0. 05 ) . Early treatment with mannitol, gamma globulin and glucocorticoids were effective, no death was reported and no side effects were found in this case series.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the expression of programmed cell death-1(PD-1)ligands on HepG2 cell and 2.2.15 cell.Methods Culture HepG2 cell and 2.2.15 cell in vitro and stain the cells with fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibodies specifically against PD-L1 and PD-L2,respectively.Isolate total RNA of HepG2 cell and 2.2.15 cell and detect the mRNA expressions of PD-L1 and PD-L2 by RT-PCR.Results The expression of PD-L1 on 2.2.15 cell was upregulated on the levels of both proteins and mRNA.The expression of PD-L2 in 2.2.15 cell was not detected.And neither the PD-L1 nor PD-L2 was detected in HepG2 cell.Conclusion HBV infection can upregulate the expression of PD-L1 on hepatocyte,which might contribute to the immune evasion of HBV.