Risk factors for infections after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore risk factors for infections after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, and improve the under standing for reducing infection.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 2 591 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 1 265 males and 1 326 females, aged from 25 to 82 years old with an average age of (51.5±15.6) years old. They were divided into infection group(n=18) and uninfected group(n=2 573) according to whether or not patients had postoperative infection. Gender, age, smoking, diabetes, body mass index, local closure within 1 month before operation, operation time, preventive use of antibiotics, and internal fixation implantation between two groups were recorded. Univariate Logistic regression analysis screened factors associated with infections after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Theresultswere entered into the multivariate logistic regression analysis, screening the high risk factors for infections after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.@*RESULTS@#In 2 591 patients, 18 patients were infected after operation, infection rate was 0.69%. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, operation time, antibiotic prophylaxis, internal fixation implantation were risk factors for infections after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed male(OR=14.227), age≥65 years(OR=34.313), operation time≥2 h (OR=15.616), without antibiotic prophylaxis(OR=4.891), and internal fixation implantation(OR=5.103) were major risk factors for infection after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Male, age≥65 years, operation time≥2 h, without antibiotic prophylaxis and internal fixation implantation were independent risk factors for infection after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Early diagnosis and timely treatment should be carried out to reduce the incidence of infection.

Modulation of gut microbiota during alleviation of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with Zingiberis Rhizoma / 中国中药杂志

This study was aimed to explore the effect of Zingiberis Rhizoma extract on rats with antibiotic-associated diarrhea(AAD), and reveal the modulation of gut microbiota during alleviation of AAD. AAD rat model was successfully established by exposing rats to appropriate antibiotic mixed solution. Peficon(70 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) was used as positive control, then rats were treated with 200 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) and 400 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) of Zingiberis Rhizoma extract for low and high dosage groups of Zingiberis Rhizoma extract, respectively. The weight changes of the rats were observed, and the degree of diarrhea were evaluated by fecal score, 120 min fecal weight and fecal water content. Colon tissues for histopathological examination were stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE), and 16 S rRNA sequencing analysis of gut microbiota was performed. The results showed that compared with the model group, the degree of diarrhea, indicated by fecal water content, fecal score, and 120 min fecal weight of positive control group, Zingiberis Rhizoma low-dose group and Zingiberis Rhizoma high-dose group were significantly ameliorated. And the treatment of Zingiberis Rhizoma could significantly improve the pathological condition of colon tissue in AAD rats, especially the high dose of Zingiberis Rhizoma. In addition, 16 S rRNA sequencing analysis of gut microbiota showed that the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota were significantly improved and the reco-very of gut microbiota was accelerated after given high-dose of Zingiberis Rhizoma, while no significant changes of alterations were observed after given Pefikon. Of note, compared with the pefikon group, the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota in Zingi-beris Rhizoma high-dose group were significantly elevated. At the phylum level, the abundance of Firmicutes in AAD rats increased and the abundance of Proteobacteria was decreased after the Zingiberis Rhizoma intervention. At the genus level, the abundance of Bacillus spp., Lachnoclostridium and Escherichia coli-Shigella were decreased, and the abundance of Lactobacillus spp., Trichophyton spp., and Trichophyton spp., etc., were increased. While compared with the AAD model group, there was no significant difference of gut microbiota after given Peficon. The results showed that Zingiberis Rhizoma exerted beneficial health effects against AAD, and positively affected the microbial environment in the gut of rats with AAD.

Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of Tripterygium wilfordii processed with licorice on mice model of ulcerative colitis / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Tripterygium wilfordii processed with licorice on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis( UC) mice and its regulation on intestinal immune system. In this study,a DSS-induced animal model of UC mice was established,with mesalazine( Mes) as a positive drug. The pharmacodynamic effects of low( PT1) and high( PT2)doses of T. wilfordii processed with licorice were analyzed by disease activity index( DAI),colon length and colon histopathological score in mice. By detecting the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines in the serum of mice,immunohistochemical CD3+T and Fox P3+Treg staining in the colon of mice,the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of T. wilfordii processed with licorice on UC mice were analyzed. The hepatotoxicity of each dose of T. wilfordii processed with licorice was also analyzed by HE staining in liver tissue of mice and ALT and AST levels in serum. The results showed that the colitis symptoms of the mice in the PT1 group and the PT2 group were alleviated,the inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced. And the expression of inflammatory factors was decreased,the difference was statistically significant compared with the model group( P<0. 05). The HE staining and ALT and AST levels in the high dose group and low dose group were not significantly different from those in the normal group. The results showed that T. wilfordii processed with licorice has the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects on UC mice,and the dose did not show significant hepatotoxicity.

Therapeutic window analysis of Tripterygium wilfordii processed by liquorice: an instantiation using allergic contact dermatitis / 中国中药杂志

The present study was aimed to explore the dose-toxicity-effect relationship of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f( TW) processed by liquorice,to establish the safe and effective therapeutic window,and further to provide scientific reference for the clinical use of TW. The toxicity and anti-inflammatory effect of six doses of raw TW and TW processed by liquorice( 0. 78,1. 56,3. 12,6. 24,12. 48,15. 60 g·kg-1) in 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene( DNFB)-induced allergic contact dermatitis( ACD) model were mainly examined by histopathology and serum biochemistry. The liver biochemical parameters including ALT and AST,related inflammatory factors including TNF-α and IL-2,together with liver index,kidney index and the other pharmacodynamic indicators,were examined and compared. The results showed that compared with the control group,the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-2 of the model group were significantly increased( P<0. 01),which proved that the ACD model was successful. The comprehensive analysis of liver biochemical indexes,serum inflammatory factors and the other indexes showed that the safe and effective therapeutic window of TW processed by liquorice was 3. 12-12. 48 g·kg-1. The results showed the therapeutic window of TW processed by liquorice was much broader than that of raw TW. And it could provide scientific reference for the clinical rational use of TW.

Comparison of cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation guided by real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography vs. contrast agent injection / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Pulmonary vein (PV) occlusion generally depends on repetitive contrast agent injection when cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). The present study was to compare the effect of cryoballoon ablation for AF guided by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) vs. contrast agent injection.@*METHODS@#Eighty patients with paroxysmal AF (PAF) were enrolled in the study. About 40 patients underwent cryoballoon ablation without TEE (non-TEE group) and the other 40 underwent cryoballoon ablation with TEE for PV occlusion (TEE group). In the TEE group during the procedure, PVs were displayed in 3-dimensional images to guide the balloon to achieve PV occlusion. The patients were followed up at regularly scheduled visits every 2 months.@*RESULTS@#No differences were identified between the groups in regard to the procedure time and cryoablation time for each PV. The fluoroscopy time (6.7 ± 4.2 min vs. 17.9 ± 5.9 min, P < 0.05) and the amount of contrast agent (3.0 ± 5.1 mL vs.18.1 ± 3.4 mL, P < 0.05) in the TEE group were both less than the non-TEE group. At a mean of 13.0 ± 3.3 mon follow-up, success rates were similar between the TEE group and non-TEE group (77.5% vs. 80.0%, P = 0.88).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Cryoballoon ablation with TEE for occlusion of the PV is both safe and effective. Less fluoroscopy time and a lower contrast agent load can be achieved with the help of TEE for PV occlusion during procedure.

Preliminary screening of biomarkers for curcumin's antidepressant effect based on metabonomics method / 中国中药杂志

To screen potential biomarkers of curcumin related to treating depression rats by using metabolomics means, so as to explore the antidepressant action mechanism of curcumin. The healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) stimulation was conducted for modeling for 2 weeks, and then curcumin (200 mg•kg⁻¹) or venlafaxine (40 mg•kg⁻¹) was given by gavage administration. The blank group and model group rats were given with the same volume of 1% CMCNa normal saline, once per day for two weeks. The rats serum for each group was collected and LC/MS-IT-TOF method was used to characterize the metabolic differences. Also multivariate statistical analysis was used to screen possible potential biomarkers and analyze the possible metabolic pathways. After administration of curcumin and venlafaxine respectively, the depression indexes of CUMS model rats were all improved significantly (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences between curcumin and venlafaxine groups. In PCA and PLS-DA analysis after curcumin or venlafaxine intervention on CUMS model group rats, the small molecule metabolites level reflects a normal trend, and particularly for the curcumin group. Through metabonomics technology, 11 biomarkers associated with curcumin antidepressant effect were screened, and at the same time seven metabolic pathways were involved. The results showed that curcumin had antidepressant effects, which was evident in both macro and micro levels, comparable with positive drug of venlafaxine. The antidepressant effect of curcumin may be associated with the glycerol phospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, pentose and glucuronic acid ester and ether lipid metabolism, but still need further exploration in the future.

Effect of ursolic acid on retinal vascular form in oxygen-induced mouse retinopathy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of ursolic acid (UA) on retinal vascular form in oxygen-induced mouse retinopathy.Methods The 60 clean 7-day C57BL/6J mice were divided into 6 groups randomly:blank control group,model control group (PBS),positive control group (triamcinolone),UA intervention group (low dose,meta dose,high dose),with 10 mice in each group(right eye as experimental subject,10 eyes each group).The blank control group mice were raised in air,with other groups of mice in (750 ± 20) mL/L O2 high-oxygen environment for 5 consecutive days.The model control group mice and breastfeeding mice were put back in air enviroment(210 mL/L O2) on the 12th day after birth to induce the generation of retinal neovascufarization.The drug treatment was applied to the corresponding groups immediately when models were successful:3 μL sterile PBS was injected in model control group,3 μL 1.5,3.0 and 6.0 μg UA in UA intervention group,3 μL triamcinolone(1 mL ∶ 40 mg) in positive control group.All mice were killed after overdose of anesthesia on the 17th day,and their eyeballs were made into retinal tissue sections,HE dying,counting the neovasculanzation endothelial nuclei number which broke the retinal internal limiting membrane.The morphologic changes of retinal vessels were estimated by observing the vascular pattern with the technology of stretched preparation of retina.Results From the observation of tissue pathology slice in blank control group,the structure of internal limiting membrane was even,and the vascular endothelial cells lined up evenly,while some vascular endothelial cells broke the internal limiting membrane occasionally.In model control group,a lot of vascular endothelial cells broke the internal limiting membrane and new vessel lumen was formed.The result of low UA intervention group was basically similar to that of model control group.The result of high-dose UA intervention group was close to that of positive control group,though some vascular endothelial cells broke the internal limiting membrane,and internal limiting membrane structure was even,and new vessel lumen was not formed.The endothelial nuclei number of newly-generated internal limiting membrane vessel in model control group was obviously higher than that of blank control group,while the high-dose UA intervention group was obviously lower than that of model control group,and the high-dose UA intervention group was lower than that of the low-dose UA intervention group obviously,and all the differences were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).Retinal flatmounts showed that in the blank control group retinal vascular appeared with uniformly radiated distribution from optic disc in all directions,with bigger pipe diameter,proper branch and clear peripheral retinal vascular structure.However,lots of retinal neovascularization was seen in model control group,with slender retinal diameter,line rigidity,structure disorder,and uneven distribution,and there was large non-perfused areas in the centeral area.Through comparison with different doses UA intervention group,retinal vascular distribution and pattern in the high-dose UA intervention group were close to the positive group.The distribution of retinal neovascularization was much better than the model control group and the low-dose UA intervention group,with no obvious non-perfused areas.Conclusions UA can inhibit the formation of neovascularization in oxygen-induced mice retinal ischemia model.It has a positively correlated relationship with UA dose.

Effects of yangxin decoction on metabolomics of patients with unstable angina / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To primarily seek for unstable angina (UA) correlated metabolic markers and to observe the effects of Yangxin Decoction on the plasma metabolism of UA patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten UA patients from clinics of No. 2 Circulation Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2009 to December 2010 were recruited as the treatment group. Another 10 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group (Group D). The changes of plasma metabolic components were observed in UA patients after they took Yangxin Decoction for 28 days, using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Analysis was conducted using principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) to seek for UA correlated metabolic markers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Results of PCA among Group D (the healthy group), Group M (UA group before medication), and Group G (UA group after medication): all samples of the three groups were centrally distributed in the four score plot of the oval regions (95% confidence interval). In Group M, the relative dispersion of the sample 8, 9, and 10 was near to Group D. The samples of the three groups could be separated. The samples of Group M (before medication) and Group G (after medication) could be basically separated. Comparison of metabolic end products between Group D and Group M: In the metabolites of UA group, ceramide, glycocholic acid, allocholic acid, lithocholic acid, leukotriene B4 obviously increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ceramide, glycocholic acid, allocholic acid, lithocholic acid, leukotriene B4 might be metabolic markers of UA. Yangxin Decoction might have effects on some plasma metabolites or metabolic pathways of UA patients.</p>

Role of valsartan on myocardial Calpain I, calcineurin and Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ expression of renovascular hypertensive rats / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the protein expression of Calpain I, mRNA and protein expressions and activity of calcineurin, and the alternative splicing of Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) δ in the hypertrophic heart, and to investigate the effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker valsartan (Val) on cardiac hypertrophy and the level of Calpain I, calcineurin and CaMKIIδ in renovascular hypertensive rats model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were randomly divided into sham-operated control (n=8), hypertension (n=8) and hypertension plus Val (n=8, 30 mg×kg(-1)×(-1)). The renovascular hypertension was induced by two kidney-one clip methods in rats. The ratio of left ventricular weight to body weight was measured, the mRNA expression of calcineurin and alternative splicing of CaMKIIδ were determined by RT-PCR, the protein expression of Calpain I and calcineurin were measured by Western blot and the activity of calcineurin activity was assayed by a specialized kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight weeks after procedure, hypertension rats developed significantly cardiac hypertrophy, and the protein expression of Calpain I, mRNA and protein expression and the activity of calcineurin were significantly increased compared sham-operated control rats (all P<0.01), the mRNA expression of CaMKIIδA and B increased, CaMKIIδC mRNA decreased (P<0.01). Treatment with valsartan effectively attenuated cardiac hypertrophy and reversed hypertension induced changes on myocardial Calpain I, calcineurin and CaMKIIδ.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Valsartan attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in renovascular hypertensive rats, possibly through inhibiting Calpain I, calcineurin and CaMKIIδ signaling pathways.</p>

Effects of mycophenolic acid on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of mycophenolic acid (MPA) on the proliferation and differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MSCs were treated with MPA at the concentration of 1 μ mol/L, 10 μ mol/L, 50 μ mol/L, and 100 μ mol/L, respectively. Cell proliferation was analyzed using CCK-8 method. Apoptosis was detected by PI/Annexin V assay kit. The mRNA expression of inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) in MSCs was analyzed by RT-PCR. Osteogenic differentiation was analyzed by Von Kossa staining, Ca(2+) quantification and real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the range of 1 μ mol/L to 100 μ mol/L, MPA caused a significant subdued proliferation rate of MSCs in a concentration-and time-dependent manner by guanosine depletion, and PI/Annexin staining showed no apoptosis induced by MPA. RT-PCR results showed that MSCs expressed both IMPDH I and IMPDH II. von Kossa staining and Ca(2+) quantification indicated that MPA inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, and real-time PCR detected a dose-dependent decrease in expression of Osteopontin and BMP-2. Further investigation showed that MPA down-regulated the expression of Runx2 and Osterix.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MPA can inhibit the proliferation of MSCs by guanosine depletion in a concentration-and time-dependent manner and inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by down-regulation of the expression of Runx2 and Osterix.</p>

Synergistic cytotoxic effects of rapamycin and idarubicin on human acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the cytotoxic effects of mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (Rapa) and idarubicin (IDA) on human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The proliferation of Jurkat cells was observed by CCK-8 assay. The combined index was analyzed by Isobologram method. Apoptosis was detected by electron microscopy and flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining. Protein expressions of Caspase 3, PARP, Caspase 8, Caspase 9, Akt, p-Akt, P85S6K, p-P85S6K, P70S6K, p-P70S6K, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 were determined by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The IC(50) of IDA for Jurkat cells was significantly reduced when combined with 10 nmol/L rapamycin. The combined index was <1. Both electron microscopy and Annexin V/PI staining flow cytometry revealed that rapamycin significantly increased apoptotic sensitivity to IDA. The combination of IDA with rapamycin enhanced the expressions of Caspase 3, PARP, Caspase 8 and Caspase 9. Rapamycin significantly inhibited mTOR signaling upstream Akt and downstream S6K activation triggered by IDA, and the combination of the two agents led to synergistic inhibition of ERK phosphorylation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combination of IDA with rapamycin exerted a synergistic anti-proliferative effect and promoted apoptosis by both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in Jurkat cells. Inhibition of ERK phosphorylation and mTOR signaling by rapamycin may play a certain role in this synergistic effect.</p>

Study on the value assessment of various screening programs regarding cervical cancer screening strategy in the rural areas of China / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the application value and feasibility of various cervical screening methods and to explore a rapid and efficient cervical cancer screening program for the women in the rural areas of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We sequentially conducted human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test by hybrid capture-2 (hc2) with cervical cells, liquid-based thinprep cytology test (TCT), visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), visual inspection with iodine (VILI), colposcopy respectively for the 2499 married women between 30 and 49 years from Xiushui county of Jiangxi province. All the detection methods were performed independently under double-blind design. Women who were diagnosed positive for having any VIA,VILI and colposcopy inspection or for those women who were diagnosed negative for VIA, VILI and colposcopy but with positive result of HPV or TCT test underwent cervical biopsy directly and endocervical curettage (ECC)when necessary. We performed cervical biopsy endocervical curettage within two weeks to observe the sensitive (SE), specificity (SP), negative predict value (NPV) and positive predict value (PPV) of these detection methods when used alone or combined each other, including HPV test, TCT inspection, VIA, VILI, and colposcopy, the pathological diagnosises of cervical tissue were confirmed by IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) while the cytological findings were underegone through the updated program of TBS (The Bethesda System) in 2001.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 2499 women underwent the screening and found 443 women who were diagnosed as HPV positive, 337 women with abnormal cervical cytology and 27 women with ASC-H, 157 cases with ASCUS; 103 cases with HSIL, 49 cases with LSIL and 1 cervical cancer. According to the pathological findings. There were 181 women diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer, including 81 cases with CIN1 37 cases with CIN2,60 case cervical cancer. The sensitivity rates of HPV, TCT, HPV+ TCT, VIA, VILI, VIA+VILI and colposcopy were 96.67%, 89.47%, 97.98%, 56.57%, 36.36%, 63.64% and 39.39%, and the specificity rates were 85.00%, 96.91%, 86.97%, 94.60%, 96.23%, 92.97% and 98.14% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HPV + TCT seemed to be more sensitive than other screening methods in the cervical cancer screening program.</p>

Study on blood biochemical variables of obese children screened by new BMI and weight-for-height criterion / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the abnormal state of liver function and plasma lipid levels of obese schoolchildren who were screened by weight-for-height criterion and new body mass index criterion respectively.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>280 obese children were screened by weight-for-height criterion and 125 obese children were screened by body mass index criterion in a routine school check-up program. All of the latter subjects was included in the former one. One obese child and 1 non-obese child were matched for gender and age. 14 items related to liver functions and plasma lipids were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the abnormal items,7 items in 125 obese children screened by new BMI criterion and 5 items in 155 "obese children" excluded by BMI criterion, were significantly higher than those children among controlled group. The abnormal rates were 10.4%-22.9% in the former and 3.2%-13.0% in the latter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The new BMI criterion seemed to be more stringent than weight-for-height. Less than a half of the obese children screened by weight-for-height were taken on obese children by new BMI criterion. The overweight children who were screened by BMI criterion also had abnormal liver functions and plasma lipids.</p>

Protective effect of Xuebijing Injection(血必净注射液) on acute lung injury induced by inhalation of yellow phosphorus in rats / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

A.Conclusion The inhalation of yellow phosphorus and its compounds in rats may induce intoxication of rats with manifestations of ALI/ARDS.Xuebijing injection and decadron have therapeutic effects on such intoxication,then Xuebijing injection combined with both decadron can decrease decadron dosage.

The binding of MBL to common bacteria in infectious diseases of children / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To purify Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) from human serum and detect its binding ability to several kinds of bacteria common in infectious diseases of children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MBL was purified from human serum by affinity chromatography on mannan-Sepharose 4B column. Its binding ability to eight species, 97 strains of bacteria was detected by enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MBL has different binding ability to bacteria and shows strong binding ability to Klebsiella ornithinolytica and Escherichia coli, but shows relatively lower binding ability to Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Enterobacter cloacae and Staphylococcus epidermidis. To different isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus, MBL shows quite different binding ability.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MBL has different binding ability to different bacteria, and has relatively stronger binding ability to Gram-negative bacteria. Its binding ability to different isolates of certain kinds of bacteria is quite different.</p>

Clinical analysis of primary malignant melanoma of the cervix / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary cervical malignant melanoma, and its prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical and pathological data of four patients with primary malignant melanoma of the cervix were analyzed retrospectively. Nerve tissue protein S-100 and monoclonal antibody to melanoma (HMB-45) were measured in all cases by immunohistochemical method. All four patients received radical hysterectomy. Three of them received chemotherapy preoperation or postoperation, and one of them received biotherapy with interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 at the same time. All the cases were followed up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average age of four patients was 45 years. Clinical symptoms presented with irregular vaginal bleeding, postcoital bleeding, or increase of vaginal discharge. Gynecologic examination showed polypus papilla cauliflower-shaped or nodulated black-brown or black-blue mass on the cervix. All the four cases were pathologically diagnosed with cervical malignant melanoma. S-100 and HMB-45 were positive in all patients. Two patients died at 6 and 41 months postoperation, respectively. The other two patients survived for 3.5 and 7 years postoperation, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>S-100 protein and HMB-45 play very important roles in the diagnosis of primary malignant melanoma of cervix. Radical hysterectomy, chemotherapy combined with dimethyl triazemo imidazole carboxamide and biological therapies may improve the prognosis of the primary malignant melanoma of cervix if the disease could be diagnosed in an early stage.</p>

Characterization of human lung cancer cell line A549 transfected with human interferon-gamma gene / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a human lung cancer cell line expressing human interferon-gamma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The full-length gene of human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was introduced into the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 through retroviral vector pLXSN. The established cell line A549-IFN-gamma was tested for expression of MHC class I and class II by flow cytometer (FCM) and tested for expression of IFN-gamma by enzyme-lined immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA ). The tumorigenesis of cell line A549-IFN-gamma was tested on nude mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A high level of IFN-gamma protein was detected in the culture supernatants of cell line A549-IFN-gamma. The expressions of MHC class I and class II on A549-IFN-gamma cells increased significantly (P<0.01), when compared with parental cell line A549. However, there was no significant difference (P<0.05) between the growth of cell line A549-IFN-gamma and A549. Finally, the tumorigenesis test showed that A549-IFN-gamma had lower tumorigenetic effects than A549.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results indicate that introduction of human IFN-gamma gene into cell line A549 could increase its immunogenicity and decrease its tumorigenesis. With the established cell line A549-IFN-gamma, a tumor vaccine for human lung cancer may be developed.</p>