Cis-2-dodecenoic Acid Mediates Its Synergistic Effect with Triazoles by Interfering with Efflux Pumps in Fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the synergy of the Burkholderia signaling molecule cis-2-dodecenoic acid (BDSF) and fluconazole (FLU) or itraconazole (ITRA) against two azole-resistant C. albicans clinical isolates in vitro and in vivo.@*METHODS@#Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics against two azole-resistant C. albicans were measured by the checkerboard technique, E-test, and time-kill assay. In vivo antifungal synergy testing was performed on mice. Analysis of the relative gene expression levels of the strains was conducted by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).@*RESULTS@#BDSF showed highly synergistic effects in combination with FLU or ITRA with a fractional inhibitory concentration index of ⪕ 0.08. BDSF was not cytotoxic to normal human foreskin fibroblast cells at concentrations of up to 300 μg/mL. The qRT-PCR results showed that the combination of BDSF and FLU/ITRA significantly inhibits the expression of the efflux pump genes CDR1 and MDR1 via suppression of the transcription factors TAC1 and MRR1, respectively, when compared with FLU or ITRA alone. No dramatic difference in the mRNA expression levels of ERG1, ERG11, and UPC2 was found, which indicates that the drug combinations do not significantly interfere with UPC2-mediated ergosterol levels. In vivo experiments revealed that combination therapy can be an effective therapeutic approach to treat candidiasis.@*CONCLUSION@#The synergistic effects of BDSF and azoles may be useful as an alternative approach to control azole-resistant Candida infections.

Therapeutic effects of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery sacrocolpopexy on pelvic organ prolapse / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(vNOTES)sacrocolpopexy in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse(POP).METHODS: From June 2017 to September 2018,33 POP patients who underwent vNOTES sacrocolpopexy in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were collected.The operative time,blood loss and postoperative complications were recorded to evaluate the safety of the operation.After regular follow-up,POP-Q was used to objectively evaluate the effect of surgery,and PFIQ-7 was used to evaluate the recovery effect.RESULTS: In this group,3 of 33 cases were converted to transumbilical laparoscopy,and in the remaining 30 cases the surgery was successfully completed.The operation time was(184.97±41.91)min,and mean estimated blood loss was(28.33±18.77)mL.No complications such as exposure or infection of mesh were found after operation.The POP-Q indicators were significantly improved in 1,3,6 months after surgery(P<0.05),and the quality of life was better after operation than before(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: vNOTES is a feasible and safe approach for sacrocolpopexy with positive short-term efficacy in the treatment of POP.

Single Port Transumbilical Laparoscopic Surgery versus Conventional Laparoscopic Surgery for Benign Adnexal Masses: A Retrospective Study of Feasibility and Safety / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Single port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) is an innovative approach that is rapidly gaining recognition worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and safety of SPLS compared to conventional laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of benign adnexal masses.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In total, 99 patients who underwent SPLS for benign adnexal masses between December 2013 and March 2015 were compared to a nonrandomized control group comprising 104 conventional laparoscopic adnexal surgeries that were performed during the same period. We retrospectively analyzed multiple clinical characteristics and operative outcomes of all the patients, including age, body mass index, size and pathological type of ovarian mass, operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), duration of postoperative hospital stay, etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding preoperative baseline characteristics. However, the pathological results between the two groups were found to be slightly different. The most common pathological type in the SPLS group was mature cystic teratoma, whereas endometrioma was more commonly seen in the control group. Otherwise, the two groups had comparable surgical outcomes, including the median operation time (51 min vs. 52 min, P = 0.909), the median decreased level of hemoglobin from preoperation to postoperation day 3 (10 g/L vs. 10 g/L, P = 0.795), and the median duration of postoperative hospital stay (3 days vs. 3 days, P = 0.168). In SPLS groups, the median EBL and the anal exsufflation time were significantly less than those of the conventional group (5 ml vs. 10 ml, P < 0.001; 10 h vs. 22 h, P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SPLS is a feasible and safe approach for the treatment of benign adnexal masses. Further study is required to better determine whether SPLS has significant benefits compared to conventional techniques.</p>

Identification of differential genes in ovarian cancer using representational difference analysis of cDNA / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify differential genes between normal ovarian epithelium tissue and ovarian epithelial cancer using representational difference analysis of cDNA (cDNA-RDA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>cDNA-RDA was performed to identify the differentially expressed sequences between cDNAs from cancer tissue and cDNAs from normal ovarian tissue in the same patient who was in the early stage of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. These differentially expressed fragments were cloned and analyzed, then sequenced and compared with known genes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three differentially expressed cDNA fragments were isolated using cDNA from normal ovarian tissue as tester and cDNA from cancer tissue as driver amplicon by cDNA-RDA. DP III-1 and DP III-2 cDNA clone showed significant homology to the cDNA of alpha actin gene; DP III-3 cDNA clone showed significant homology to the cDNA of transgelin gene.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>cDNA-RDA can be used to sensitively identify the differentially expressed genes in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma involves alteration of multiple genes.</p>