Effects of kaixin jieyu decoction on behavior and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in cerebral hippocampus of a rat vascular depression model / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects and anti-depression mechanisms of Kaixin Jieyu Decoction (, KJD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rat vascular depression (VD) model was established by ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries (LBCCA) combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham, VD model, VD + high-dose KJD [15.4 g/(kg·d) of crude drug], VD + medium-dose KJD [7.7 g/(kg·d) of crude drug], and VD + fluoxetine [2.4 mg/(kg·d)] groups (n=8 in each group), and the treatments lasted for 21 days. Changes of behavior and hippocampus pathology were observed. The level of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) protein and mRNA in hippocampus was detected respectively by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the sham group, rats in model group showed a variety of behavioral obstacles, including a significant reduction in sucrose consumption percentage, horizontal and vertical activity scores in open-field tests (P<0.05 or P<0.01), pathological damage like neuronal degeneration, necrosis, and a significant decrease of GFAP protein and mRNA in hippocampus (P<0.01); compared with the model group, rats in the high-dose KJD group, medium-dose KJD group and fluoxetine group obtained notable higher behavioral scores, and pathological injury lessened in hippocampus with a increased expression of GFAP protein and mRNA P<0.05 or P<0.01); compared with the medium-dose KJD group and fluoxetine group, GFAP mRNA in high-dose KJD group expressed higer (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LBCCA combined with CUMS may cause depression-like behavioral changes resulting in the VD model of rats whose depression state can be ameliorated by KJD, and the mechanism of cerebral protection is related possibly with promoting expression of GFAP in hippocampus.</p>

Tri-dimensional omics analysis on effect of zhuanggu zhitong capsule against experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis / 中国中药杂志

To propose the new concept of multidimensional omics, and define that the multidimensional omics is a proper method for studying the material base and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds. Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule was taken for example to study its effect against experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis. From the perspective of chemi-omics, genomics and proteomics of TCM, it systematically interpreted the efficacious materials and mechanisms of Zhuanggu Zhitong capsule in preventing and treating experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis, while taking the lead in designing a three dimensional form to intuitively exhibit the results of the multidimensional omics study. This study provides a new idea and solution for studies on the efficacious materials and mechanisms of TCM compounds.

Fas and TNFR1 expressions after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats: association with cell apoptosis and the effects of Bcl-2 overexpression / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Bcl-2 overexpression on Fas and TNFR1-mediated apoptosis and its possible mechanism in rat hippocampus following global ischemia/reperfusion (IR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operated group, IR group and Bcl-2 overexpression group (BT group). Rat model of global IR was established by the 4-V0 method. The expressions of Bcl-2, Fas and TNFR1 and the cell apoptosis in the CA1 and CA3 regions were examined by HE staining, immunohistochemistry and TUNEL method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In IR group, the neurons in the CA1 region showed an obvious reduction in number with disordered arrangement and interstitial edema 48 h after global IR. Such changes were not obvious in BT group. Immunohistochemistry showed that Fas expression in the CA1 region reached the peak level at 6 h in IR group with a greater expression intensity than that in BT group (P<0.05). TNFR1 was expressed at a higher level in IR group than in BT group (P<0.05), reaching the peak level at 24 h. In the sham group, the expression of Fas and TNFR1 was not detected the in CA1 and CA3 regions. Global IR caused increased cell apoptosis in the CA1 and CA3 regions, starting at 6 h and reached peak at 24 to 48 h. The cell apoptosis was less obvious in BT group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fas and TNFR1 are expressed in the CA1 and CA3 regions after global IR in rats, suggesting the involvement of death receptor in cerebral IR injury. Bcl-2 overexpression decreases the expression of Fas and TNFR1 and cell apoptosis after global IR, thus offering protective effect against cerebral IR injury.</p>

Observation on therapeutic effect of moxibustion and exercise for children with short stature of deficience of the kidney essence / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect of moxibustion and exercise comprehensive scheme intervention for children with short stature of deficience of the kidney essence.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty four cases of children in 12 to 14 years old were selected, 12 male and 12 female, they were treated with comprehensive therapy of exercise therapy and moxibustion. Running and jumping were selected as main exercise therapy, it became a suitable exercise amount when the heart rate reach to 150 to 170 times per minute, thrice each week, 35 to 45 minutes each time. After exercises they were treated with moxibustion, Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Dazhu (BL 11), Xuanzhong (GB 39), Geshu (BL 17) etc. were selected. After treatment for half a year, the changes of the body height, body weight, bone age(BA), growth hormone (GH), testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) were compared before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The body height and bone age of the boys and girls were significantly higher than those before treatment (all P<0.05), the growth of body height was more than 4 cm, the growth of bone age was more than 0.5 years old in half a year; the testosterone of all children was significantly increased (all P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in body weight, GH and E2 compared to those before treatment (all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Moxbustion and exercise comprehensive scheme can effectively improve the children with short stature of deficience of the kidney essence, the mechanism is related to the improving of the testosterone level.</p>

Reperfusion arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction do not enhance myocardial injury / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical implications of reperfusion arrhythmias during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data from 228 AMI patients in whom the infarct-related artery (IRA) were successfully recanalized by primary PCI were retrospectively analyzed. The 228 patients were divided into 2 groups: myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) group (n=119) in whom MIRI events occurred within minutes after successful recanalization of IRA, and non-MIRI group (n=109). The 119 patients in MIRI group were further divided into 3 subgroups: severe bradycardia with hypotension (brady-arrhythmia subgroup), lethal ventricular arrhythmias requiring electrical cardioversion (tachy-arrhythmia subgroup), and IRA antegrade flow less than or equal to TIMI 2 grade without angiographic evidence of abrupt closure (no-reflow subgroup).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Clinical and angiographic data: Compared with non-MIRI group, MIRI group was characterized by more inferior infarct location, shorter ischemic duration, more frequently right coronary artery as IRA, more diseased vessels, more often TIMI 0 grade of initial antegrade flow in IRA, less pre-infarction angina, more renal insufficiency, and higher in-hospital mortality (13.4% vs. 4.6%, P=0.021). (2) The peak CK level was remarkably lower in brady-arrhythmia subgroup than that in non-MIRI group (2010 IU/L vs. 2521 IU/L, P=0.039). The peak CK or CK-MB level was notably higher in no-reflow subgroup than in non-MIRI group (4573 IU/L, 338 IU/L, respectively, P=0.000). (3) Left ventricular ejection fraction in no-reflow subgroup was significantly lower than in non-MIRI group (38.7% +/- 8.3% vs. 51.2% +/- 8.1%, P=0.000), left ventricular end-diastolic volume in no-reflow subgroup was greater than that in tachy-arrhythmia subgroup [(135 +/- 32) ml vs. (105 +/- 19) ml, P=0.029].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Reperfusion arrhythmias may imply the existence of much survived myocardium and do not enhance myocardial damage, while no-reflow increases myocardial injury and induces permanent impairment of cardiac function.</p>

Analysis on correlative factors for occurrence of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the risk and protective factors for the occurrence of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical and angiographic data of 228 AMI patients in whom the infarct-related arteries (IRA) were successfully revascularized by primary PCI were analyzed retrospectively. MIRI was defined if the following conditions existed after PCI: severe bradycardia with hypotension, or lethal ventricular arrhythmias requiring electrical cardioversion, or IRA antegrade flow < or = TIMI 2 grade flow without angiographic evidence of thrombus, emboli, dissection or spasm. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent relative factors among 18 clinical and angiographic factors for occurrence of MIRI.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factors for MIRI were the time intervals from AMI onset to IRA reflow < or = 6 h (P = 0.014), inferior infarction localization (P = 0.006), IRA antegrade flow prior to PCI < or = TIMI 1 grade (P = 0.028), multivessel lesions (P = 0.063) and renal insufficiency (P = 0.067). Pre-infarction angina was found to be an independent protective factor (P = 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Short time intervals from AMI onset to IRA revascularization, inferior wall infarction location, low IRA antegrade flow prior to PCI, multivessel lesions and renal insufficiency may promote the occurrence of MIRI during primary PCI, whereas pre-infarction angina may be a cardioprotective factor attenuating MIRI.</p>