Effectiveness and safety of methylphenidate and atomoxetine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess and compare the effectiveness and safety of methylphenidate immediate-release tablets (IR-MPH), methylphenidate controlled release tablets (OROS-MPH) and atomoxetine (AHC) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chinese children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Randomized or clinical controlled trials on the effectiveness and safety of IR-MPH, OROS-MPH and AHC for ADHD were searched in electronic databases of CNKI, VIP, CBMDISC online, PubMed, Embase and MEDLINE. Two reviewers independently extracted the data and assessed the quality of the included literatures.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight trials were finally included. IR-MPH, OROS-MPH and AHC were effective for ADHD. OROS-MPH was superior to IR-MPH in the improvement of peer relationship, CGI-I score, mother satisfaction and psychosomatic problems. There were no significant differences in the effectiveness between the AHC and IR-MPH groups. The adverse events related to the therapy with IR-MPH, OROS-MPH or AHC were mild and the incidence rates of adverse events were not significantly different among the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The effectiveness of OROS-MPH for the treatment of ADHD is probably superior to IR-MPH, and the effectiveness between AHC and IR-MPH is similar. The three drugs demonstrate the safety and well tolerance.</p>

Genetic polymorphism of glutathione- S- trausferase M1 and T1: a systematic review in Chinese population and a pilot study in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases of Jilin province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the distribution of ghitathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) genes polymorphisms in Chinese population and smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases of Jilin province. Methods Articles about GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes polymorphisms published before 2009 in China were searched. The study population was obtained from fourteen counties (or districts) of Jilin province, which included all cases from November, 2007 to May, 2008, totally 1120. The genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were detected by multiplex PCR technique. Results The frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTT1 'null' genotypes and combination M1-T1 'null' genotype acquired from systematic review were 54.2%, 46.8% and 26.2%, respectively, in Chinese Hans they were 53.4%, 44.9% and 25.5%, and in our research they are 57.2%, 20.4% and 13.7%, respectively. No significant differences between the frequencies of males and females as well as among that of different age groups were observed(P>0.05). The frequency of GSTM1 'null' genotype in our research is slightly higher than that in systematic review (P=0.016) , and the frequencies of GSTT1 'null' genotype and combination M1-T1 'null' genotype and are significantly lower than those in systematic review (both P<0.001). Conclusion The frequencies of GSTM1 and GSTTI 'null' genotypes were different among ethnics. The statistical difference between systematic review and our research may due to our large sample size and mostly Soutbern people in previous studies.