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Objective:To explore the clinical application value of Bodyfix fixation device in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for elderly patients with lung cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 63 elderly patients with lung cancer who received SBRT in Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different fixation methods, the patients were divided into Bodyfix combined with vacuum bag fixation device group (Bodyfix group, 20 cases) and 4D respiratory gating technology combined with vacuum bag fixation device group (vacuum bag group, 43 cases). Cone beam CT (CBCT) was used for position verification before each treatment, linear and rotational errors in the horizontal (X), head-to-foot (Y), front-to-back (Z) directions were recorded.Results:The linear errors of Bodyfix group in the X, Y and Z directions were 1.7 mm (1.3 mm, 3.0 mm), 4.6 mm (4.3 mm, 5.3 mm) and 1.3 mm (0.8 mm, 2.8 mm), and the rotational errors were (0.46±0.04)°, (-0.48±0.05)° and 0.64°(0.38°, 1.07°); the linear errors of vacuum bag group in the X, Y and Z directions were 2.1 mm (1.6 mm, 3.3 mm), 2.8 mm (1.8 mm, 3.7 mm) and 3.0 mm (2.3 mm, 3.8 mm), and the rotational errors were (0.69±0.04)°, (-0.70±0.04)° and 0.64° (0.42°, 0.86°). The differences in linear errors in the Y and Z directions and rotational errors in the X and Y directions between the two groups were statistically significant ( P values were <0.001, <0.001, 0.003 and 0.007). Conclusions:Compared with the 4D respiratory gating technology, the Bodyfix fixation device has smaller rotational errors in the X and Y directions and linear errors in the Z direction. It can be used as an effective method of postural fixation for SBRT in elderly patients with lung cancer.
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Objective:To explore the mechanism of Dahuangfuzi decoction on intestinal motility disorder by observing its effect on serum motilin, Cajal interstitial cells and motilin receptor in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods:Eighteen clean male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group, SAP group and Dahuangfuzi group ( n=6 each group). The SAP rat model was prepared by retrogradely injected 4% sodium taurocholate into cholangiopancreatic duct. The rats in the SAP group were given 2 mL normal saline (37℃) enema at 12 and 24 h after operation. The rats in the Dahuangfuzi group was given 2 mL Dahuangfuzi decoction (37℃) enema at 12 and 24 h respectively. For the control group, the pancreas was exposed in the same way and then the abdomen was closed. Forty-eight h after operation, the abdominal aorta blood samples were taken for determination of serum endotoxin and amylase, and for detection of serum motilin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the pathological changes of pancreas and ileum were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of c-kit and motilin receptor protein in ICC in ileum tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results:Compared with the control group, the levels of serum endotoxin and amylase in the SAP group were significantly higher [(504.98±88.81) pg/mL vs. (17.76±5.01) pg/mL; (532.28±66.53) vs. (69.45±3.61) U/L, P<0.05], while the levels of serum motilin were significantly lower [(195.4±6.7) ng/L vs. (301±8.10) ng/L, P<0.05], and the scores of c-kit and motilin receptor protein were decreased ( P<0.05); compared with the SAP group, the levels of serum endotoxin and amylase in the Dahuangfuzi group were significantly reduced [(189.9±38.23) pg/mL vs. (504.98±88.81) pg/mL; (294.23±25.66) vs. (532.28±66.53) U/L, P<0.05], while the levels of serum motilin were significantly increased [(264.2±8.3) ng/L vs. (195.4±6.7) ng/L, P<0.05], and the scores of c-kit and motilin receptor protein were increased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Dahuangfuzi decoction can improve the intestinal motility of SAP rats by promoting the secretion of motilin, increasing the activity of ICC cells and the expression of motilin receptor.
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Objective To investigate the accuracy and application value of optical surface monitoring system in intensity modulated radiotherapy for thoracic tumors patients.Methods Twenty-eight patients with thoracic tumors were included.During each treatment fraction,the patients were immobilized with body surface markers and laser lamps.The surface images obtained by the optical surface monitoring system were registered with the reference images and recorded during the CBCT scan.The translation and rotation errors of x (left-right),y (craniocaudal) and z (anterior-posterior) axes were recorded.After scanning,the CBCT images were registered with the planned CT images and the translation and rotation errors of x,y and z axes were recorded.The setup errors of these two image systems were analyzed and corrected before each treatment.The correlation between the two sets of setup errors were analyzed with Pearson test,and systematic error (∑) and random error (σy) were also calculated.The consistency of the two image systems was evaluated with the Bland-Altman method and the 95％ limits of agreement were calculated.Results There was a good correlation between these two groups,and the correlation coefficients were 0.79,0.62,and 0.53 in x,y and z axes,respectively.The ∑/σr of the optical surface monitoring system were 0.7 mm/1.5 mm,0.9 mm/1.8 mm and 0.9 mm/1.5 mm in x,y and z axes,respectively.The ∑/σ of CBCT were 0.8 mm/1.6 mm,1.3 mm/1.9 mm and 0.7 mm/1.5 mm in x,y and z axes,respectively.The 95％ limits of agreement of translations direction were (-2.0-2.3),(-3.4-3.6) and (-3.3-2.4) mm,and the 95％ limits of agreement of rotation direction were (-2.0 to 1.6)°,(-2.0 to 1.4)° and (-1.6 to 1.6)° inx,y and z axes,respectively.Conclusions The optical surface monitoring system is an effective image guide tool,which can quickly and accurately verify the patient's position and improve the position accuracy.It can be applied for positioning in the intensity modulated radiation treatments for the thoracic tumor patients.
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Objective To develop the radiation shielding device for an environmental radiation survey meter with an aim to precisely measure local radiation levels and evaluate decontamination effectiveness in Fukushima.Methods A kind of lead alloy was selected as the main material for the shielding device.Attenuation effects of different lead plates and lead cylinders were measured at the radiation regulatory laboratory and in a polluted area of Fukushima,respectively.The whole shielding device was designed on the basis of measurement results,attenuation effects,cost of production and practicability.Results The whole device was composed of main shielding,probe shielding and a bracket with lid.The main shielding was a lead cylinder with 10 cm in height and 3 cm in thickness.The probe shielding was a lead cylinder with 8 cm in height and 2 cm in thickness.The thickness of lid was 1 cm.Conclusions The device can be available to effectively shield the influence of ambient radiation and accurately measure local radiation levels and evaluate decontamination effectiveness.It can play a valuable part in post-disaster reconstruction of contaminated areas in Fukushima.
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Objective To observe the expression of protein AQP5 and CC16 in lung after hemorrhagic shock resuscitation in rats in order to explore the mechanism of acute lung injury.Methods Thirty-two healthy and clean male SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into two groups:control group and hemorrhagic shock resuscitation group (n =16 in each).Besides,each group was further divided into two subgroups according to the experiment done at 12 h and 24 h after hemorrhagic shock resuscitation (n =8).The hemorrhagic shock model was made by using Wiggers' modified method.Resuscitation was done by transfusing the autologous blood and the equal volume of Ringer's solution.Blood samples were obtained from abdominal aorta at each given interval to measure the level of plasma endotoxin,and assay the CC16 and AQP5 by using ELISA.After the rats were sacrificed,the left lung tissue was taken to measure lung water content and the dry/wet ratio,and to examine the levels of CC16 and AQP5 in lung tissue by immunohistochemical method.Results ①The level of plasma endotoxin in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).②The content of plasma CC16 in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).③Compared with the control group,the content of pulmonary homogenate AQP5 in the experimental group was significantly lower (P ＜0.05).④The lung water content (the dry/wet ratio) of the experimental group was obviously higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).⑤Hislogogical observation with HE staining showed in the control group,the alveolar structure was complete,the alveolar sacs were clear,and the alveolar septum was intact;but in the experimental group,the alveolar septum was widened,and there were obvious hemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar space.⑥ The level of lung tissue CC16 in control group was significantly higher compared with experimental group (P ＜ 0.05).⑦ The level of lung tissue AQP5 was significantly higher in control group compared with experimental group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The proteins of AQP5 and CC16 were involved in the process of acute lung injury after hemorrhagic shock resuscitation in rats,and their levels were positively correlated with length of time after hemorrhagic shock.
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Objective To evaluate dose variations induced by gravity of multi-leaf collimator to provide references for clinical intensity-modulated radiotherapy.Methods Two-dimensional dose distributions in the central plane of IMRT fields were measured by use of a 2D ion chamber array.All measurements were repeated at two collimator angles (C=0 and 90°),for each of the following gantry angles:G=0 and 270°.Comparisons were made to dose distributions generated at G=0°and their differences were analyzed using gamma index analysis (3％/3 mm and 1％/1 mm).Results Under the radiation field of 10 cm×10 cm,the gamma passing rate was higher than 99％ for 3％ 3 mm anch close to 95％ for 1％/1mm Under a 3％/3mm error standard,the average matching rate for step & shoot fields was (96.46±0.33)％ and for DMLC fields was (94.67±0.54)％ at C=0°;The average matching rate for step & shoot fields was (94.59±0.47)％ and for DMLC fields was (92.60±0.52)％ at C=90°.Under a 1％/1mm error standard,the average matching rate for step & shoot fields was (89.83 ±1.06)％ and for DMLC fields was (85.84±0.57)％ at C=0°;The average matching rate for step & shoot fields was (86.91 ±1.71)％ and for DMLC fields was (83.89±0.69)％ at C=90°.Concusion MLC weight effect affects IMRT delivery dose,and DMLC fields are more sensitive to gravity than step & shoot fields.
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Objective To study the protective effect of sodium pyruvate solution to intestinal barrier in Hemorrhagic shock rats by intraperitoneal resuscitation.Methods A total of 40 Male SD ratswere healthy and clean,were randomly (random number) divided into four groups:sham operation group (group Ⅰ),hemorrhagic shock model group (group Ⅱ),the recovery of the compound sodium chloride intravenous + intraperitoneal recovery of the PD-2 liquid group (group iiⅢ),the recovery of the compound sodium chloride intravenous + sodium pyruvate abdominal recovery group (group Ⅳ) (n =10).In addition to the group Ⅰ,the other three groups are used the HS model by The Wiggers improvement prepared,group Ⅲ,Ⅳ were used the same amount of intravenous recovery,At the same time to the abdominal cavity were respectively injected 20 mL 2.5％ PD-2 liquid and 20 m 2.5％ sodium pymvate solution.After 2 h,each group were taken arterial blood measured arterial blood gases (pH,PaCO2,PaO2) and D-lactic acid,small intestine specimens under the light microscope to observe the morphological changes of the rat small intestinal mucosa.Results Blood gas analysis:group Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly increased compared with group Ⅱ in pH levels and PaO2 content (P ＜ 0.01),and comoared to group Ⅲ,pH levels and PO2 levels of group Ⅳ increased more significantly (P ＜ 0.05) ; D-LA content:Group Ⅲ,Ⅳgroup is significantly lower than group Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.01) ; compared with group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ,D-LA significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Light microscope,the group Ⅱ,the rat small intestine layer of a high degree of villous edema,submucosal vascular collapse within the lamina propria glands focal area of necrosis,and large areas of mucosal villi necrosis,defects; group Ⅲ and group Ⅳof small intestinal damage compared to group Ⅱ significantly reduced; Ⅳgroup of the rat small intestine villi edema,lodging and the degree of necrosis in group Ⅲ.Intestinal epithelial damage index score:the Ⅳ group than in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ group (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The venous recovery and intraperitoneal resuscitation can significantly reduce the plasma D-LA content of hemorrhagic shock in rats,correct acidosis,increase the oxygen partial pressure ; and intestinal mucosal barrier function,the protective of sodium pyruvate solution is better than the PD-2 liquid.
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Objective To investigate the effect of hemorrhagic shock on intestinal epithelial tight junction and expression of protein Occludin.Methods Twenty-four SD rats were allocated to sham operation group,hemorrhagic shock 0.5-hour,2-hour,and 4-hour groups according to random number table,with 6 rats per group.A model of hemorrhagic shock in the rat was induced by the improved Wiggers method.Blood samples were drawn from abdominal aorta.Activity of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) was determined by active colonmetric method; content of plasma D-lactic acid (D-LA) by spectrophotometer method; plasma endotoxin levels by turbidimetry; bacterial translocation by bacterial culture of mesenteric lymph nodes and liver tissues; pathological changes of intestinal mucosa by light microscope; ultrastructure of intestinal epithelial cells by electron microscopy; Occludin mRNA expression in small intestinal mucosa by RT-PCR; Occludin expression by Western blot and imnmnohistochemical method.Results Levels of DAO [(72.68-± 10.24) mg/ml],D-LA [(9.28 ± 0.53) μg/ml] and endotoxin [(41.25 ±3.68) pg/L] in hemorrhagic shock 0.5-hour group increased markedly as compared with those in sham operation group (P ＜0.05).Bacteria were cultivated from the liver tissues and mesenteric lymph nodes in hemorrhagic shock 2-hour group and much more colonies of bacteria were observed in hemorrhagic shock 4-hour group (P ＜ 0.01).Morphology and ultrastructure of the small intestinal epithelium manifested immediate damage in hemorrhagic shock 0.5-hour group and much worse detriment was obsevved with a prolonged bleeding time.Occludin mRNA expression in small intestinal mucosa decreased in hemorrhagic shock 0.5-hour group,followed by a further reduction in hemorrhagic shock 2-hour group (P ＜0.05).Localized expression of Occludin in hemorrhagic shock O.5-hour group was weakly positive.Occludin content in hemorrhagic shock 2-hour group showed significant reduction when compared with that in hemorrhagic shock O.5-hour group (P ＜ 0.01) and its localized express was negative as well.Conclusion Occludin expression in intestinal epithelial cells decreases obviously with a prolonged bleeding time,which is presumed to be an important basis for disruption of cellular tight junction.
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Objective To investigate the effects of carbon monoxide poisoning on the long-term cognition in elderly patients.Methods Totally 53 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning and 51 healthy persons at our Hospital from June 2005 to June 2008 were enrolled.Mini-mental state examination(MMSE) and activities of daily living(ADL) scale were utilized to evaluale the life quality of the elderly patients through a cross-sectional study on July 2011.Results MMSE score showed that the attention calculation score,delayed recall score,and total score were higher in control group (4.9±0.4,2.9±1.0,28.3±2.3,respectively) than in carbon monoxide poisoning group (4.5±0.8,2.6±0.6,25.5±3.5,respectively) (t＝3.138,3.607,4.802,all P＜0.05).ADL score of carbon monoxide poisoning group was 26.7±7.3,and that of the control group was 2.04±7.6 (t＝1.827,P＞0.05).Conclusions Elderly patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning may cause long-term cognitive impairment with decreasing attention calculation and delayed recall.
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Objective To observe the clinical effect of continuous intravenous pumping of octreotide in the treatment of intestinal endotoxemia.Methods Eighty patients with intestinal obstruction and non-surgical treatment were divided into group Ⅰ with 34 cases who received conventional-treatment and group Ⅱ with 46 cases who received conventional-treatment combined with octreotide 24 h continuous intravenous pumping.White blood cell count ( WBC ),diamine oxidase (DAO),D-lactic acid (D-LA) and endotoxin were detected before treatment and at 24 h,48 h,4 d after treatment.Results The content of WBC,DAO,D-LA and endotoxin in two groups all reached peak at 48 h after treatment.The difference of the content of WBC,DAO,D-LA and endotoxin between two groups had no statistical significance at 24 h after treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The content of WBC,DAO,D-LA and endotoxin of group Ⅱ at 48 h and 4 d after treatment were lower than those of group Ⅰ.And the difference at 48 h after treatment had statistical significance[(18.40 ±0.10)× 109/L vs.(20.60 ± 2.36) × 109/L,(6.12 ± 1.02) kU/L vs.(8.02 ± 1.54) kU/L,(2.14 ±0.21) mg/L vs.(3.34 ± 0.04) mg/L,(1.65 ±0.16) kEU/L w.(2.23 ±0.36) kEU/L] (P ＜ 0.01).While the difference at 4 d after treatment had no statistical significance(P＞ 0.05 ).Body temperature at 48 h after treatment,gastrointestinal decompression capacity,anus exhaust time of group Ⅱ were (37.60 + 3.01 )℃,(320.00 ± 76.14) ml/d,(54.00 ± 0.94) h respectively,and they all were superior to those of group Ⅰ[(38.50 ± 2.21 ) ℃,(500.00 ± 80.32) ml/d,(68.00 ± 1.02) h] (P ＜0.01).Conclusions Continuous intravenous pumping of octreotide can effectively protect the intestinal mucosal barrier function,improve intestinal permeability,reduce the trmslocation of intestinal flora,inhibit the incidence and development of enterogenous endotoxemia.And it provides new evidence to support the clinioal application of octreotide in patients with intestinal endotoxemia.
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Objective To observe the effects of Dahuangfuzi decoction on the intestine barrier functional of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. Methods The 60 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group ( n = 19 ), ANP group ( n = 21 ), and Dahuangfuzi treatment group ( n = 20). The rats of ANP group were induced by injecting 1 ml/kg of 4% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatiobiliary duct, and jejunal fistula was esablished. The rats of treatment group received Dahuangfuzi decoction (2 ml, repeated at 4 and 8 h)through jejunum distal stoma tube 0. 5 h after ANP induction. The other 2 groups received same amount of normal saline. Blood sample was collected through abdominal aorta, 24 h after ANP induction, and the serum amylase, endotoxin, D-lactate, plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) were detected. Pancreas, small intestine tissue was harvested for pathologic examination, index of intestinal epithelial damage was measured and ultrastructural changes in small intestinal mucosa was observed. Results The expression of serum amylase, endotoxin,D-lactate, DAO in sham operation group was ( 152 ± 32 ) U/L, (6.95 ± 2.10) pg/L, ( 3.96 ± 1.08 ) μg/mland ( 14.26 ± 2.67 ) μg/ml, while the corresponding values were ( 1549 ± 93 ) U/L, (40.48 ± 3.41 ) pg/L,( 12.34 ± 1.23 ) μg/ml and ( 80.28 ± 3.54) μg/ml in ANP group, and they were (655 ± 49 ) U/L, ( 19.55 ±2.50) pg/L, (6.75 ± 1.36 ) μg/mland ( 20.69 ± 7.53 ) μg/ml in treatment group. The values in ANP group were significantly higher than those in sham operation group. The values in treatment group were significantly lower than those in ANP group, but significantly higher than those in sham operation group ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0. 01 ). The thickness and height of intestinal mucosa in ANP group were ( 389.44 ± 29.87 )μm and ( 16.52 ±3.73) μm, which were significantly lower than those in treatment group [(501.95 ± 45.38 )μm, (27.82 ±5.17)] μm, and in sham operation group [( 658.72 ± 57.49 ) μm, ( 35.49 ± 6.43 )μm, Index of intestional epitholial donage in ANP group was 3.72 ± 0.65 which is significently higher than those in theatment (2.12 ±0.37 ) and in sham operation group (0.85 ± 0.24). The intestinal mucosa histological and ultrastructural changes in Dahuangfuzi treatment group were better than those in ANP group. Conclusions Dahuangfuzidecoction can significantly decrease the damage of intestine barrier function in ANP rats.
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Objective To investigate effect of Dahuang Fuzi decoction on alveolaur epithelial barrier in rats with lung injury with severe acute pancreatitis. Method Ninty-six health SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group, SAP-ALI group, Dahuang Fuzi decoction group, and then according to the time point of sacrifice after operation, each group was subdivided into 3,6,12,24 hour subsets ( each, n = 8). After the belly of a rat in the sham operation group was cut open, the pancreas was flipped several times,and then a stoma was made in the jejunum to form its fistula. In the SAP-ALl group,1 mL/kg sodium taurocholate was reversely injected into the pancreatobile duct to establish the model of SAP, and then the jejimum fistula was performed. The SAP-ALI model in Dahuang Fuzi decoction group was treated by injection of 10ml of Dahuang Fuzi decoctionon into the fistula respectively. Blood was collected from heart to detect serum amvlase and endotoxin (ET) levels before the rat being executed. The lung histopathologic changes, pulmonary injury scores and wet/dry weight(W/D) ratios were observed after the rats were executed. The alveolar liquid clearance rate(ALCR), total lung water content (TLW), extravascular lung water content(EVLW) and alveolar epithelial permeability (AEP) were examined in 3,6, 12,24 h after injury.Results There was continuous increase of AEP,TLW and EVLW,as well as progressive reduction of ALCR compared with sham operation group at 3,6,12,24 h after operation. Compared with SAP-ALI group, there was continuous decrease of AEP,TLW and EVLW, and elevated of ALCR at 3,6,12,24 h after operation.Conclusions Dahuang Fuzi decoction can significantly reduce alveolaur epithelial barrier and degree of lung tissue of SAP-ALI rats by inhibiting the elevation of LPS and inflammation reaction.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of ecoimmunonutrition enteral nutrition on systemic inflammatory response and prognosis in patients with acute severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Fifty-seven patients with severe acute pancreatitis were randomly divided into two groups: parenteral nutrition (PN) group(28 cases), and ecoimmunonutrition(EIN) group (29 cases), each of the two nutrition formulas was given to each group respectively for 7 days. The level of plasma endotoxin and serum concentrations of TNF-α ,IL-1β ,IL-6 and IL-10 and monocyte NF-κB were tested at admission,1 d,3 d,5 d,7 d after nutrition support. Statistics the two groups results of clinical prognosis. Results The levels of endotoxin, TNF-α ,IL-1β ,IL-6 and IL-10 , NF-κB activities in EIN group were no significant difference compared with PN group at admission. After nutrition support 7 d, the levels of endotoxin, TNF-α ,IL-1β ,IL-6 and IL-10 , NF-κB activities in EIN group were (2.70 ± 0.13) ng/L, (30.13 ± 8.12) ng/L, (20.17 ± 8.04) ng/L, (36.43 ± 8.24)ng/L, (86.45 ± 14.54) ng/L, (70.4 ± 3.2)% respectively, which all were significantly lower than those in PN group [(3.25 ±0.32) ng/L, (313.42 ± 144.35) ng/L,( 155.29 ±32.78) ng/L, (324.15 ± 31.47) ng/L, (472.72 ±48.55) ng/L, (88.4±53)% ](P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusion EIN can attenuate endotoxemia.decrease NF-κB activities and concentrations of cytokines, maintain the balance of pro-and anti-inflammation, improve patients' condition and prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the protective effects of intra-peritoneal fluid resuscitation on small intestinal mucosa in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Method Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly (random number) divided into five groups, namely sham operation group (group I ), hemorrhagic shock group (group Ⅱ ), intra-venous fluid resuscitation group (group Ⅲ ) . intravenous fluid resuscitation plus intra-peritoneal saline resuscitation (group Ⅳ ) and intravenous fluid resuscitation plus intra-peritoneal PD-2 solution resuscitation group (group Ⅴ ). The rats of 5 groups were processed with cannulations of right common carotid artery, right femoral vein and left femoral artery with systemic heparinization. The rat models of hemorrhagic shock were established with modified Wigger' s method by which the blood exsanguinated from left femoral artery. The rats of group Ⅲ were resuscitated with shed blood plus twice equal volume of Ringer's solution after modeling of hemorrhagic shock.The rats of group Ⅳ and group Ⅴ were administered intra-peritoneally with 30 mL saline and 30 mL of 2.5% PD-2 solution, respectively as adjuncts to those used in the group Ⅲ . The specimens of blood and small intestine of rats of all groups were collected 60-120 minutes after modeling and resuscitation. The activity of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) was determined with chromatometry, the level of plasma D-lactic acid (D-LA) with spectorophotometry and the level of plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with nephelometry. The histopathological and ultrastructure changes of small intestine tissue of rats were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope. Results There were remarkable differences in activity of DAO, and the levels of D-LA and IPS in rats between those ingroup Ⅱ and group I (P <0.01), and between those in group V and groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ or Ⅳ (P <0.05 or P < 0.01) The pathomorphology and ultra-structure of small intestine tissues were severely damaged in group Ⅱ compared with those in group Ⅰ , and those markedly lessened in group V compared with groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ . Conclusions Intraperitoneal fluid resuscitation with PD-2 solution can significantly protect the integrity of intestinal mucosa and the normal permeability of intestinal wall, and blunts the histopathological changes, and restrains bacterial translocation from gut and reduces the level of plasma endotoxin.
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Objective To evaluate the penumbra of a new multileaf collimator equipped with Elekta Synergy accelerator. Methods The penumbra were derived from beam profiles measured in air and water using PinPoint ion chamber with PTW MP3 water phantom. Variations of penumbra with X-ray beam energy, depth in water, and leaf position were investigated. Results The penumbra in air for 6 MV X-ray was 2 mm less than that at depth of maximal dose in water. The penumbra of leaf side was 1 mm less than that of the leaf end. The penumbra had close relationship with beam energy, depth in water and leaf position. Penumbra was increased with beam quality and water depth. The leaf position had great influence on the penumbra. Conclusions The penumbra of the multileaf collimator is related to its original design and radiation delivery technique. Special considerations should be taken into during treatment planning.Regular measurement should be performed to guarantee the delivery quality.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical features and early management of combined thoracoabdominal injury (CTI).Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 29 cases with CTI treated surgically.There were 21 cases with penetrating injuries and 8 cases with blunt injuries.All cases were associated with penumothorax and/or hernothorax at various degrees and 13 cases complicated with shock.In this study thoracotomy was performed in 17 cases,laparotomy in 6 cases,thoracotomy plus laparotomy in 5 cases and combined thoraco-laparotomy in 1 case.Results The injury severity score in this series was (40.16±15.23) scores.Four cases were died from hemorrhagic shock (2 cases),pericardial tampenade(1 case) and multiple organ failure(1 case).Conclusions CTI has high mortality rate,and the most frequent cause of death is hypovolemic shock.The operative approach is based on individual injury condition.Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are key to improving the cure rate and reducing mortality in severe CTI.
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Objective To explore the inhibitory effects of Zibu Piyin Recipe(ZBPYR)serum on neuron apoptosis induced by tunieamyein(Tm,5 μg/ml)and its mechamsm in vitro by using sero-pharmacological method.Method Totally 12 healthy adult male SD rats(220～250 g)(SPF)were divided randomly into control group and ZBPYR group,6 in each group,then the blank and ZBPYR serum were prepared.The mouse.neuroblastoma cell line Neum2a cells were treated with Tunicamycin(Tin,an inhibitor of N-glycoslytion)to establish the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress model.The cells treated by ZBPYR aerum of different concentrations were interventional groups,and the cells treated by blank serum were control group.The viability of Neuro2a cells was meusurcdd by MTT assay.Flow cytometry wus applied to observe the apoptosis of Neuro2a cells.Western blotting was utilized to detect the protein expressions of two molecules,ER molecular chaperone-ucose regulated protein 78(CRP78)and transcriptional factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein(CHOP).The results were analyzed by sNK-q test.Results Compared to Tm group(cell viability 0.1673±0.0213,apoptotic rate 62.7050±1.4056),The cell viability of interventional groups(5%0.5295±0.0373,10%0.5843±0.0428,15%0.6274±0.0324)increased significantly(P<0.05);and the apoptotic rate(5%47.8733±2.8166,10%46.3366±1.2748,15%39.8833±1.0524)reduced significantly(P<0.05).The protein expressions of GRP 78(5%2.1228±0.2251,10%1.3293±0.9443,15%;15%0.0931±0.1168)and CHOP(5%1.1776±0.2927,10%0.7290±0.1708,15%0.6577±0.1883)of interventional groups reduced significantly compared with Tm group(GRP78 2.9149±0.5355;CHOP 1.6611±0.2913)P<0.05.Condusions ZBPYR serurn could increase the cell viability of Neuro2a cells treated with Tm and inhibit cell apoptosis.Thereby it may have neuroprotective effects,and the mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of ER stress and apoptosis pathway.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the protective effects of nourishing spleen yin recipe (Zibu Piyin Recipe, ZBPYR), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in neuronal cells responding to the stress by using sero-pharmacological method. METHODS: The mouse neuroblastoma cell line Neuro2a cells were treated with tunicamycin (Tm, an inhibitor of N-glycosylation). The ZBPYR-treated cell group was established by incubating cells with ZBPYR serum for one hour and treated with Tm. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was utilized to detect the mRNA expressions from two genes after treatments, ER molecular chaperone glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and transcriptional factor CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was also carried out to determine the LDH leakage from Neuro2a cells after treated with Tm and staurosporine (STS). RESULTS: The ZBPYR-treated cell group at all tested ZBPYR dosages showed significantly reduced expressions of both genes compared with Tm (5 microg/ml) treated control group (P<0.05). Therefore, ZBPYR serum inhibited the expressions of GRP78 and CHOP in mRNA level under ER stress induced by Tm. Different concentrations of ZBPYR serum pretreatment reduced the LDH leakage compared with the Tm and STS groups (P<0.05). Therefore, ZBPYR serum may inhibit the LDH leakage induced by Tm and STS. CONCLUSION: ZBPYR has neuroprotective effects. The mechanisms may be associated with inhibition of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
RESUMEN
Objective:To apply two dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) to initially analyze the protein expression in hippocampus of rats with spleen yin deficiency syndrome and to get the theory foundation for investigating the molecular mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease and spleen yin deficiency syndrome.Methods:Rats model of spleen yin deficiency were set up by combination of improper diet,overstrain and consumption of body fluid.Qualitative changes of the proteome expression in hippocampus were compared between the model group and control group by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.Results:The model group of spleen yin deficiency had the appearance of spleen yin deficiency,for example,irritability,increment in biting frequency,increase of rectal temperature and drinking water(P