Compatible Stability of Xiaoaiping Injection and Insulin in Glucose Infusion / 中国药师

Objective:To observe the compatibility of Xiaoaiping injection and insulin for injection in glucose infusion. Methods:The changes in appearance, particles and pH of the mixture in 24h at ambient temperature were observed. The concentration of chloro-genic acid and insulin were determined by HPLC. Results:There were no obvious changes in appearance, pH, precipitation or turbidi-ty generation, and the contents of insulin and chlorogenic acid kept stable in 12 h. The number of insoluble particles was stable in 12 h, and then gradually increased in 24 h. Conclusion:Xiaoaiping injection and insulin in 5％ glucose infusion is stable in 12h under the testing conditions.

Observation on therapeutic effects of Fuzheng Qingfei Decoction in treatment of 86 patients with AIDS complicating pulmonary infection / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the effects of Fuzheng Qingfei Decoction combined with Western medicine basic treatment in pulmonary infection of AIDS patients.Methods A total of 154 cases of AIDS pulmonary infection treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from November 2013 to December 2016 were selected.Among them,86 cases in the observation group adopted Fuzheng Qingfei Decoction combined with the Western medicine routine treatment;68 cases in the control group only adopted the Western medicine therapy.The levels of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP),CD4+ T cells count and improvement situation of clinical symptoms in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Results The CD4+ T cells count,levels of PCT and CRP before treatment had no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05),the levels of PCT and CRP after 7 d treatment in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05),and the CD4+T cell count after 3-month treatment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group and the PCT and CRP levels were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);the total effective rate in the observation group was 87.21％,which was better than 76.74 ％ in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Fuzheng Qingfei Decoction combined with routine Western medicine therapy for treating AIDS complicating pulmonary infection can increase the anti-infection effect,reduce the inflammatory response,enhance CD4+ T cells count,relieve the clinical symptoms and improve their living quality.

Comprehensive evaluation on the prescription behavior for outpatients in primary health care institutions of Yiyang / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the prescription behavior for outpatients in primary health care institutions of Yiyang and to provide scientific basis for promoting the rational use of drugs.
@*METHODS@#A multi-stage random sampling method was conducted in 21 primary health care institutions from Yiyang. Fifteen prescriptions were randomly selected in every month from each institution and a total of 3780 prescriptions were eventually collected in a year.
@*RESULTS@#Both the number of drugs and percentage of injection in a prescription were greater than the international standards. Children were more likely to be prescribed by multiple prescriptions, antibiotics prescriptions, hormones and injections prescriptions. The utilization of essential drug was more frequent in female. Antibiotics and hormones were more frequently used in summer and autumn season. Polypharmacy, antibiotics, injections and essential drugs were more frequently used in hospitals of small town. The skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases were often treated with multiple prescriptions, while the respiratory diseases were often treated with antibiotics, hormones and injections. Most primary health care institutions were at the upper limit of rational drug use.
@*CONCLUSION@#The usage of prescription drug in most primary health care is rational, but some still surpass international standards. Thus, primary health care physicians should strictly control their prescriptions behavior.

Satisfaction degree in outpatients and the influential factors at national essential medicine system in primary health care institutions of Yiyang / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the satisfaction degree in outpatients and influential factors at national essential medicine system in primary health care institution of Yiyang and to provide useful information for the sustainable development of the national essential medicine system in China.
@*METHODS@#A multi-stage random sampling method was conducted. A total of 525 outpatients were randomly selected in 21 primary health care institution. Their satisfaction degree on national essential medicine system were investigated through anonymous survey.
@*RESULTS@#Categories of medical institutions, age, education, medicare categories and occupation were influential factors, with statistical significance (P<0.05). 
@*CONCLUSION@#There's no difference among different class of outpatients' attitude on national essential medicine system. Categories of medical institutions, age, education, medicare categories and occupation are influential factors for outpatients' attitude.

Effect of implementation of essential medicine system in the primary health care institution in China / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Our primary health care institution began to implement national essential medicine system in 2009. In past fi ve years, the goal of national essential medicine system has been initially achieved. For examples, medicine price is steadily reducing, the quality of medical services is improving and residents' satisfaction is substantial increasing every year. However, at the same time, we also found some urgent problems needed to be solved. For examples, the range of national essential medicine is limited, which is difficult to guarantee the quality of essential medication. In addition, how to compensate the primary health care institution is still a question.

The effect of paraquat on voltage-dependent anion channel and caspase-3, 8, 9 in the mitochondria of rat lung / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of different concentrations of paraquat (PQ) poisoning on the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and caspase family in the mitochondria of rat lung tissue, and to explore possible mechanisms of acute lung injury induced by acute PQ poisoning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred healthy adult Wister rats with equal numbers of male and female ones were randomly and equally divided into control group and poisoned group. The control group received one-time gastric lavage with 1 ml of normal saline, and the poisoned group with PQ (50 mg/kg) diluted in 1 ml of normal saline. Twenty rats were collected at 1, 24, 72, 120, and 168 h after lavage with normal saline or PQ and dissected after anesthesia. Mitochondria were separated from rat lung tissue, and the content of VDAC and caspase-3, -8, and -9 were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of VDAC and caspase-3, -8, and -9 in the poisoned rats were significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). At 1, 24, 72, 120, and 168 h after exposure, acute diffuse damages were found in alveolar capillary endothelial cells, alveolar epithelial cells, and pulmonary interstitial cells. Inflammatory cell infiltration in the pulmonary interstitium, alveolar structural disorder, and substantially increased fibroblasts were also found in rat lung tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PQ poisoning can up-regulate the expression of VDAC and caspase-3, -8, and -9 in mitochondria of rat lung tissue to induce acute lung injury.</p>

Study on absorption kinetics of betulic acid in rat's intestines / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a HPLC-DAD method for determining concentrations of betulic acid and phenol red in intestinal circulation liquid, and probe into the absorption kinetic characteristics of betulic acid at different intestine segments in rats and the effect of different drug concentrations on absorption.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The rat intestinal absorption model was established to detect the impact of absorption site, drug concentration and pH value on drug absorption.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Within the range from 75-125 mg x L(-1), the absorption rate and the quality concentration of betulic acid had a linear relation, with Ka value keeping unchanged. The absorption rate for each intestinal segment showed no remarkable difference, with Ka values in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon being (0.151 +/- 0.0049), (0.159 +/- 0.0056), (0.156 +/- 6.0083), (0.149 +/- 0.0041) h(-1), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Betulic acid is proved to be well absorbed in intestines marked by no specific absorption site in the intestine. The absorption mechanism of the drug conforms to passive transport mechanism and first-order kinetics. The bioavailability of betulic acid preparation can be increased by enhancing the dissolution rate and the solubility.</p>

De-noising and measurement of pulse wave velocity of the wavelet / 生物医学工程学杂志

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a vital index of the cardiovascular pathology, so that the accurate measurement of PWV can be of benefit for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The noise in the measure system of pulse wave signal, rounding error and selection of the recording site all cause errors in the measure result. In this paper, with wavelet transformation to eliminate the noise and to raise the precision, and with the choice of the point whose slope was maximum as the recording site of the reconstructing pulse wave, the measuring system accuracy was improved.

Research and advance in the measurement of pulse wave velocity / 生物医学工程学杂志

Arteriosclerosis is one of the early characteristics of cardiovascular diseases, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) has the ability to reflect on arterial elasticity, so the accurate measurement of PWV can be of benefits for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. There are two methods based on volume pulse waveform and based on pressure pulse waveform for taking the measurement of PWV. The precision of detection depends mainly on choosing the recording sites of PWV. There are several methods to choose the recording sites of PWV. We can get it by tangent and by low-water mark or culmination. We also can choose the recording sites of PWV by getting the point where the greatest slope stands. The advantages and limitations of the existing methods are analyzed in this article, and the relative research orientation in the world is addressed. Lastly a scheme for improving the detection method is presented.

The effects of basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor-?1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on the proliferation of rat bone marrow stromal cells / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To study the effects of human recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor(rhbFGF), recombinant human transforming growth factor ?1 (rhTGF ?1)and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2(rhBMP 2) alone or in combination on the proliferation of rat bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) in vitro . Methods: Rat BMSCs were cultured in vitro , rhbFGF(1 ?g/L,f), rhTGF ?1(5 ?g/L, t) and rhBMP 2(200 ?g/L,b) alone or in combination were added into the culture medium, cells were examined by phase contrast microscope, cell growth curves were obtained by cell counting and cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Results: 1 ?g/L of rhbFGF alone or combined with 200 ?g/L of rhBMP 2 stimulated BMSC proliferation( P