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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of total flavonoids of Bidens pilosa L. （TFB） on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced neuroinflammation in mice. METHODS Fifty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group， LPS group and TFB low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups， with 10 mice in each group. TFB low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups were given TFB solution intragastrically at 60， 120 and 240 mg/kg， and the normal control group and LPS group were given corresponding volume of normal saline， once a day， for consecutive 21 d. From the 15th day of administration， except for the normal control group， other groups were given LPS （400 μg/kg） intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days to establish neuroinflammatory model. Brain tissues were taken under anesthesia 4 h after the final administration. The morphological changes of neuronal cells in mice were observed； the contents of nitric oxide （NO）， tumor necrosis factor α （TNF- α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， IL-6 and IL-10 were measured， and the expressions of inflammatory pathway-related proteins [inducible NO synthase （iNOS）， cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2）， myeloid differentiation factor 88 （Myd88） and protein kinase C （PKC）] were measured in the brain tissues of mice. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group， the neuronal arrangement in the hippocampal region of the brain tissue of mice in the LPS group was sparsely disorganized， with a large number of neuronal fixations and shrunken nuclei； the contents of TNF-α， IL-1β， IL-6 and NO in the brain tissue were significantly increased， the contents of IL-10 were significantly decreased， and the relative expressions of iNOS， COX-2， Myd88 and PKC proteins were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. Compared with the LPS group， the neuronal pathological changes in the brain tissue of mice in the TFB low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups were 202014810） significantly improved， and the changes of the above indices in the brain tissue were significantly reversed （P＜0.05） CONCLUSIONS TFB has an inhibitory effect on E-mail：pangxjun@163.com neuroinflammation， and its mechanism of action may be related to down-regulation of the expressions of inflammatory pathway-related proteins iNOS， COX-2， Myd88 and PKC， and reduction of inflammatory factors release.
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OBJECTI VE To explore the effects of total flavonoids of Bidens polisa L.（TFB）on insulin resistance （IR）of HepG2 cells. METHODS B. polisa L. was refluxed and extracted with 80％ ethanol to obtain TFB. Palmitic acid was used to induce IR mode of HepG 2 cells in vitro . The effects of low-concentration ，medium-concentration and high-concentration （20，40， 80 mg/L） of TFB on the consumption of glucose were investigated. Using metformin as positive control ，the effects of low-concentration，medium-concentration and high-concentration （20，40，80 mg/L）of TFB on the protein expression of insulin receptor substrate- 1（IRS-1），c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）and protein kinase C （PKC）were investigated. Molecular docking technology was used to explore the interaction between eight main active components of TFB such as quercetin ，quercitrin and IRS-1，JNK and PKC proteins. RESULTS The glucose consumption of TFB low-concentration ，medium-concentration and high-concentration groups were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with normal group ，the expression of IRS-1 and JNK protein in the model group decreased significantly ，and the expression of PKC protein increased significantly （P＜ 0.01）. Compared with model group ，the protein expression of IRS- 1 and JNK could up-regulated while the protein expression of PKC down-regulated in TFB low-concentration ，medium-concentration and high-concentration groups and metformin positive control group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The score of molecular docking energy between maritimetin in TFB and IRS- 1 protein was －7.9 kcal/mol（1 kcal＝4.816 kJ）. The scores of molecular docking energy of maritimetin ，rutin and JNK protein were －9.3 kcal/mol. The score of molecular docking energy between quercitrin and PKC protein was －4.9 kcal/mol. Interactions between components and proteins included forming hydrogen bonds ，hydrophobic bonds and so on. CONCLUSIONS TFB can significantly improve IR of HepG 2 cells，the mechanism of which may be related to the regulation of protein expression of IRS ，JNK and PKC. Maritimetin，rutin and quercitrin may be potential active ingredients for improving IR.
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Objective To investigate the effect of hypertonic saline on the expressions of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and caspase-3 in the brain edema area after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats Methods Seventy-two male SD rats weighing 220-250 g were selected and randomly divided into three groups (24 rats per group):sham operation group (Group A),traumatic brain injury + normal saline group (Group B) and traumatic brain injury + hypertonic saline group (Group C).Moderate TBI model was induced by Feeney's free falling method.Normal saline and hypertonic saline were delivered respectively.The neurological score was measured at 6,24,and 48 hours after operation.The brain water content was measured,and the blood brain barrier stability was detected by Evans blue staining.AQP4 positive cells was detected by immunohistochemistry.The expressions of AQP4 and caspase-3 protein in brain tissue were detected by Western blot,and the apoptosis of neurons in brain tissue by TUNEL method.Results Compared with Group A,the neurological score of Group B were obviously decreased,while the water content in the brain tissue,Evans blue staining,AQP4 positive cells,AQP4 (6 hours:1.73 ±0.31 vs.0.33 ±0.13;24 hours:2.47 ±0.27 vs.0.33 ±0.14;48 hours:2.18 ± 0.19 vs.0.33 ±0.12),caspase-3 protein expression(6 hours:0.53 ±0.18 vs.0.34 ±0.07;24 hours:0.58 ±0.16 vs.0.33 ± 0.08;48 hours:0.59 ± 0.11 vs.0.33 ± 0.07) and apoptosis index in brain tissue in Group B were significantly increased (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with Group B,the neurological score of Group C were obviously increased,while the water content in the brain tissue,Evans blue staining,AQP4 positive cells,AQP4 (6 hours:1.51 ±0.27 vs.1.73 ±0.31;24 hours:2.13 ±0.13 vs.2.47±0.27;48 hours:1.84 ±0.22 vs.2.18 ±0.19) and Caspase-3 protein expression (6 hours:0.44±0.09vs.0.53±0.18;24 hours:0.46±0.10vs.0.58±0.16;48 hours:0.48±0.12 vs.0.59 ± 0.11) and apoptosis index in brain tissue of Group C were significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hypertonic saline can attenuate TBI-induced brain edema and have a significant neuroprotective effect,possibly by down-regulating the expressions of AQP4 and caspase-3.
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Objective To investigate the protective effect of Jiejiu oral liquid on acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in mice.Methods Sixty Knming''s mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,sucralfate group(600 mg·kg-1),the dose of 25.0 g·kg-1 group,the dose of 12.5 g·kg-1 group and the dose of 6.25 g·kg-1 group of the Jiejiu oral liquid (n=10 each).Except for the normal control group,other groups were intragastrically administered with 95% ethanol to create the alcohol-induced acute gastritis model.The effect of pathological histology,injury of gastric mucosa,the mucosal NO,ET-1,TNF-α,IL-6 and PGE2 content of acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in mouse were observed.Results The gastric mucosa in model control group appeared obvious bleeding,erosion,and flake ulcer.Compared with the model control group,the acute damage index of the Jiejiu oral liquid therapy groups were obviously reduced (P0.05).Histopathologic examination revealed Jiejiu oral liquid can reduce the shedding of gastric mucosa and inflammatory cells infiltration.Conclusion The Chinese herbal mixture Jiejiu oral liquid has a protective effect on acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in mice.
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Objective To exPlore the efficacy of nutritional interVention in Patients with chronic obstructiVe Pulmonary disease (COPD) and malnutrition risks. Methods From Jan. ,2008 to Dec. ,2012,829 COPD Patients with NRS2002 score≥3 in Qinzhou Second PeoPle's HosPital were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized into control grouP (254 cases) and treatment grouP (575 cases) by random numerical table of SPSS 13. 0 statistic software. Patients without contraindication to enteral nutrition were giVen enteral nutrition suPPort,while those with contraindication to enteral nutrition were giVen Parenteral nutrition suPPort. Patients in the treatment grouP receiVed intensiVe suPPort with fortified nutrition,whereas Patients in the control grouP receiVed routine nutrition treatment. All other treatment methods were the same between the two grouPs. TelePhone follow_uP lasted for 3 years in both grouPs after discharge. Patients in the treatment grouP with NRS2002 score≥3 were giVen guidance on nutrition food intake. No nutrition guide was giVen to the control grouP. Times of acute attack,times and duration of mechanical Ventilation,mortality rate,and NRS2002 score three years after the treatment were comPared between the two grouPs. Data were analyzed by multi_factor Logistic regression analysis to understand the nutritional factors of COPD Patients affecting their mortality rate. Results After 3 years of follow_uP,times of acute attack,times and duration of mechanical Ventilation were lower in the treatment grouP than in the control grouP. Mortality rate was significantly lower in the treatment grouP (0. 696%) than the control grouP (4. 724%). After treatment,NRS2002 score was PositiVely correlated with mortality rate of COPD Patients with malnutrition risks. Conclusion For the COPD Patients with malnutrition risks, actiVe nutritional interVention can imProVe their nutrition status ( lower NRS2002 score) ,increase the number of resPiratory muscles to alleViate anoxia,enhance cellular immune function, and thus imProVe their Prognosis.
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Objective To study the effect of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection ( Dex) on awakening quality in Pediatric Patients with congenital heart disease undergoing fast_track anesthesia and whole Video_assisted thoracoscoPic surgery. Methods One hundred and twenty Pediatric Patients ( ASA I orIIleVel) with congenital heart diseases were randomly chosen for this study. They receiVed femoral artery and Vein cannulation to establish cardioPulmonary byPass and three small holes were obtained in the right chest for the PurPose of undergoing the whole Video_assisted thoracoscoPic surgery on rePairmen of atrial sePtal defect or simPle Ventricular sePtal defect. They were randomly diVided into two grouPs: Dex_assisted fast_track anesthesia grouP (D grouP,n=60) and general fast_track anesthesia grouP (C grouP,n=60). Each one in grouP D was injected with loading dose of Dex (1 μg·kg-1),then was intraoPeratiVely infused with maintenance dose of 0. 5 μg·kg-1·h-1. Children in grouP C were giVen the same dose of saline in the same way. Hemodynamic changes in the two grouPs at each time Point:before anesthesia ( t0 ) ,at the time of extubation ( t1 ) ,5 min Post_extubation ( t2 ) ,10 min Post_extubation ( t3 ) ,15 min Post_extubation ( t4 ) , 30 min Post_extubation (t5) and at the time of transferring out of CICU (t6),resPectiVely,were obserVed. Restlessness extent, incidence,time of eye oPening after calling, fully awaking time, extubation time, the time of transferring out of CICU and VAS scores,were also recorded. Results From t0 to t2-t5 ,SBP in D grouP was decreased from (114. 2±10. 5) mmHg to (107. 2±10. 3) -(105. 3±11. 3) mmHg,DBP decreased from (61. 3±9. 2) mmHg to (58. 8±7. 8) -(57. 3±6. 3) mmHg,and HR gradually decreased from (95. 2±15. 7) time·min-1 to (85. 7±13. 7)-(83. 3±12. 6) time·min-1,with significant differences (P0. 05). VAS at 30 min after extubation was significantly higher in grouP C than in grouP D(4. 7±0. 7 vs. 2. 4±0. 6,P<0. 05). Conclusion Injection of Dex with loading dose (1 μg·kg-1) and intraoPeratiVe infusion of maintenance dose of 0. 5 μg·kg-1·h-1 in children with congenital heart disease undergoing fast_track anesthesia and whole Video_assisted thoracoscoPic surgery could be conduciVe to maintain hemodynamic stability, reduce restlessness occurrence, enhance security during awakening Process, and alleViate Post_oPeratiVe Pain.
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Objective To evaluate a combination of open surgery and multiple interventional methods in the treatment of DVT of the lower extremities. Methods 521 cases (521 limbs,356 male and 165 female) were studied in this group. Age ranged from 16 to 86 years with the mean age of (46 ±9)years. All 521 cases with DVT were treated by Fogarty embolectomy catheter. Among them,348 cases underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), 135 cases received PTA and ultrasound ablation,stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases. Results Based on angiography during operation, the obstructed iliofemoral vein received complete recanalization in 511 cases. Among them, the postoperative luminal diameter was more than 90% in 38 cases after Fogarty embolectomy, the average stenosis rate was reduced from 90% ±5% to 24% ±5% in 365 cases after PTA and stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases with the stenosis rate still over 50% after PTA. Only partial recanalization was achieved in the entrance of common iliac vein to inferior vena cava in 10 cases. Of the 521 cases,472 cases were followed-up with mean time of (53 ± 26) months, ranging from 8 to 108 months and 462 cases reported satisfactory results with normal life,the unsuccessful 10 cases still felt swelling pain especially in erect position. Complications occurred in 33 cases. Conclusions Open surgery combining with multiple interventional methods is a safe and effective method in the treatment of DVT.
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Objective To explore time difference attack therapy in Acinetobacter bauamnnii infection. Methods 67 patients with Acinetobacter bauamnnii were divided into two groups. The experimental group were first given Fosfomycin 4 g 5% GS 100 ml iv girt to finish within 60 min and then given Cefperazone/Sulbactam 4 g 0.9% NS 250 ml iv gitt immediately bid. The control group were given: Ampicillin/Sulbactam 3 g 0.9% NS 250 ml iv gitt (tid) + Ciprofloxacin 0.2 g iv girt (bid). The treatment course all was 11 days. Results The overall effective rate of experimental group methods was superior to that of control group(X2 =9.56 ,P =0. 023). Conclusion The Fos-fomycin Cefperazone/Sulbactam time difference attack therapy for the treatment of Acinetobacter the bauamnnii in-fection is a new way.
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0.05),PaO2,PaCO2 of patient and to shorten the number of application days in intensified group were better than in routine group.The improvement of nutritional status in intensified group was also superior to routine group.There was significant difference between 2 groups (P
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OBJECTIVE:To explore new therapy regimen for methicillin-resistance staphylococcus infection chronic osteomyelitis. METHODS:27 patients with methicillin-resistance staphylococcus infection chronic osteomyelitis were randomly divides into 2 groups. Both groups were injected with norvancomycin intravenously before operation to prevent infection. Norvancomycin chain bead (NCB) which were made from norvancomycin and bone cement was used to make up bone defect in NCB group(15 patients). Bone cement was used to make up bone defect in norvancomycin group(12 patients). The cure rates, the cost of infection therapy, the incidence of ADR and therapy duration were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS: Both NCB and intravenous administration of norvancomycin had sound effect on chronic osteomyelitis. The incidence of ADR and the cost of infection therapy of NCB regimen were close to low level. The infection was controlled effectively. CONCLUSION:Individual NCB regimen is superior to intravenous administration of norvancomycin in the treatment of methicillin-resistance staphylococcus infection chronic osteomyelitis.