Research progress in effects of pyroptosis on intestinal inflammatory injury / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Inflammatory injury of the intestine is often accompanied by symptoms such as damage to intestinal mucosa, increased intestinal permeability, and intestinal motility dysfunction. Inflammatory factors spread throughout the body via blood circulation, and can cause multi-organ failure. Pyroptosis is a newly discovered way of programmed cell death, which is mainly characterized by the formation of plasma membrane vesicles, cell swelling until the rupture of the cell membrane, and the release of cell contents, thereby activating a drastic inflammatory response and expanding the inflammatory response cascade. Pyroptosis is widely involved in the occurrence of diseases, and the underlying mechanisms for inflammation are still a hot spot of current research. The caspase-1 mediated canonical inflammasome pathway of pyroptosis and caspase-4/5/8/11-mediated non-canonical inflammasome pathway are closely related to the occurrence and development of intestinal inflammation. Therefore, investigation of the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis in intestinal injury in sepsis, inflammatory bowel diseases, infectious enteristic, and intestinal tumor is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of intestinal inflammatory injury.

Effect of equal concentration of Helicobacter pylori suspension on gastric mucosa in mice by different gavage methods / 中南大学学报(医学版)

To investigate the effects of equal concentration of Helicobacter pylori suspension on gastric mucosal infection in mice by different gavage methods. 
 Methods: Six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were infected by a suspension of Brucella broth containing the same amount of NCTC11637 Helicobacter pylori suspension by A, B, C, and D methods. For method A, the mice were intragastrically administered with Helicobacter pylori suspension (0.2 mL per mouse), once two day for 5 times; for method B, the mice were intragastrically administered with Helicobacter pylori (0.2 mL per mouse) once a day for 5 times; for method C, the mice were perfused with 0.4 mL per mouse of Helicobacter pylori suspension on the first day, then once a day and 0.2 mL per mouse for 3 times; for method D, the mice were administrated with 0.4 mL per mouse Helicobacter pylori suspension on the first day, 0.2 mL per mouse every other day for 3 times. For method E, the mice received equal amounts of normal saline. The mice were killed at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after gavage. The gastric mucosa was detected by rapid urease test for Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastric mucosa was taken for HE staining to observe the degree of infection.
 Results: After 2 weeks of gavage, the infection rates of the mice in A, B, C, and D group were 33.3%, 50.0%, 66.7%, and 33.3%, respectively. The degree of inflammation infection was as following order: C group>B group>D group>A group>E group. The infection rates of mice after 4 weeks of gavage in the A, B, C, and D groups were 50.0%, 83.3%, 83.3%, and 66.7%, respectively. The degree of inflammation infection was as following order: C group>B group>D group>A group>E group. After 6 weeks of gavage, the infection rate in A, B, C, and D groups was 100%, while the degree of inflammation infection was as following order: C group>D group>B group>A group>E group.
 Conclusion: At the acute stage of Helicobacter pylori infection, different gavage methods show different infection rates in mice, and the degree of inflammation is different. At the chronic stage, different gavage methods display the same infection rate in mice with different degree. The gavage method that 0.4 mL Helicobacter pylori suspension on the first day, then once a day and 0.2 mL for 3 times is most conducive to Helicobacter pylori colonization in the gastric mucosa of mice. This method can induce the the most seriou inflammatory infection and is beneficial to the successful establishment of the Helicobacter pylori infection model.

Prediction of pelvic floor muscle function in stress urinary incontinence / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To explore the predictive effect of pelvic floor muscle function on stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods A total of 258 women in gynecological outpatients at Fuzhou General Hospital were evaluated the pelvic floor muscle function by intravaginal manometery,then all of outpatients were divided into urinary incontinence group and non-incontinence group, and compared pelvic floor muscle function and clinical characteristic to establish prediction model of SUI by classification tree and analyse the predictive role of pelvic floor muscle function for SUI. Results There were significant difference in body mass index [BMI;(22.8±2.9)vs(21.5±2.7)kg/m2, P<0.05], maximum newborn weight [ (3396 ± 424) vs (3284 ± 384) g, P<0.05] between urinary incontinence group (n=114) and non-incontinence group(n=144). However, there were no significant differences in age, parity and mode of delivery between two groups(all P>0.05). There were significant differences(all P<0.01)in maximum vaginal pressure [(21±7)vs(35±9)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)], average pressure [(13±7)vs(23±9) mmHg], fatigue [(-65±20)％ vs(-46±17)％] and collecting time [(1.0±0.6)vs(0.8±0.5)s] between two groups. Prediction model, which obtained by classification tree analysis with the affecting factors of SUI (including BMI, maximum vaginal pressure, fatigue and collecting time), suggested that the incidence of SUI was 88.6％(70 / 79), when maximum vaginal pressure ≤26.2 mmHg. While, when maximum vaginal pressure was greater than 28.2 mmHg, there was no occurrence of SUI(0/7). But it would increase, when BMI >22.6 kg/ m2. Conclusions The occurrence of SUI is related to the BMI and pelvic floor muscles function. It would increase the risk of SUI with vaginal maximum pressure(≤26.2 mmHg)and BMI(>22.6 kg/m2). While there is almost no SUI, while vaginal maximum pressure >28.2 mmHg. To select high-risk group of SUI and intervene early according to the prediction model, which may be make sense of reducing incidence of SUI.

Effects of Alprostadil on serum inflammatory factors and liver function in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis / 医学研究生学报

Objective Alprostadil can improve the clinical efficacy of the treatment of hepatitis B cirrhosis, but little literature is available about its effect on serum inflammatory factors in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.This study aimed to investigate the effect of alprostadil on serum inflammatory factors and liver function of the patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and its possible action mechanisms.Methods We equally randomized 162 cases of hepatitis B cirrhosis admitted to our hospital from August 2014 to July 2015 into a control and an observation group, the former treated by conventional antiviral, liver-protecting and supportive therapies, and the latter with alprostadil in addition, both for 4 weeks.Then, we obtained the serum inflammatory factors, the contents of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as well as such liver function indexes as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBil) and prothrombin activity (PTA), and compared them between the two groups before and after treatment.Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the observation than in the control group (82.72% vs 62.96%, P<0.05).Compared with the baseline, the patients in the observation group showed significant improvement after treatment in serum IL-6 ([275.62±43.39] vs [97.15±19.73] pg/mL, P<0.05), hs-CRP ([425.54±55.58] vs [50.23±6.69] ng/L, P<0.05), TNF-α ([321.74±80.73] vs [85.45±13.61] pg/mL, P<0.05), ALT ([139.54±37.36] vs [96.13±23.62] μmol/L, P<0.05), TBil ([395.39±41.13] vs [271.55±25.12] μmol/L, P<0.05), and PTA ([38.50±4.19] vs [68.36±8.11]%), and the improvement was significantly better than in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Alprostadil helps alleviate the inflammatory condition, improve the liver function, and promote clinical efficacy in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.

Evaluation of transperineal sonography for lower urinary tract symptoms after pelvic floor reconstruction / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To evaluate transperineal sonography for lower urinary tract symptoms after pelvic floor reconstruction. Methods Eighty-three patients with severe pelvic organ prolapse received surgeries in Fuzhou General Hospital from September 2014 to September 2015, dividing into two groups:27 patients were selected to receive transvaginal mesh (TVM) pelvic floor reconstruction surgery with tension-free vaginal tape-Abbrevo (TVT-Abbrevo) incontinence surgery, named TVM+TVT-Abbrevo group;56 patients were selected to receive TVM pelvic floor reconstruction surgery only, named TVM group. The ultrasonic parameters at rest, on contraction and Valsalva condition respectively were observed and measured, including the bladder neck descent (BND), urethral rotation angle, retrovesical angle, levator urethra gap (LUG), the existence of bladder neck funneling, position of the tape, by using 2D and 3D transperineal ultrasound. Results The two groups were compared with the ultrasonic parameters before and after operation: two groups of patients with postoperative BND [(2.3 ± 0.5) versus (3.1 ± 0.7) cm, (1.6 ± 0.4) versus (3.6±0.4) cm] were significantly reduced, the difference was statistically significant (P=0.02, P<0.01). The two groups of LUG before and after operation [(3.62 ± 0.45) versus (3.26 ± 0.92) cm, (2.96 ± 0.47) versus (2.72 ± 0.38) cm] both had significant difference by maximum Valsalva (P<0.01, P=0.04). There was statistical significance difference of urethral rotation angle in TVM+TVT-Abbrevo group by maximum Valsalva (P=0.01). Observation of morphology:(1) 2 patients with difficulty in urination in TVM+TVT-Abbrevo group, ultrasound showed when the position of the bladder down the urethra discount;4 patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), ultrasound showed slings off or release. (2) One patient with difficulty in urination in TVM group, but ultrasound showed lower urinary tract anatomy were normal; 5 patients with SUI, ultrasound showed the position of the bladder neck were significantly lower in 3 patients, showing high mobility, and the other 2 patients had a larger urethral diameter, showing a tendency of natural deletion. Conclusions Anatomy of lower urinary tract could be clearly showed by transperineal sonography. This could provide imaging support for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract symptoms after pelvic floor reconstruction.

Evaluation of transperineal sonography for lower urinary tract symptoms after pelvic floor reconstruction / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To evaluate transperineal sonography for lower urinary tract symptoms after pelvic floor reconstruction. Methods Eighty-three patients with severe pelvic organ prolapse received surgeries in Fuzhou General Hospital from September 2014 to September 2015, dividing into two groups:27 patients were selected to receive transvaginal mesh (TVM) pelvic floor reconstruction surgery with tension-free vaginal tape-Abbrevo (TVT-Abbrevo) incontinence surgery, named TVM+TVT-Abbrevo group;56 patients were selected to receive TVM pelvic floor reconstruction surgery only, named TVM group. The ultrasonic parameters at rest, on contraction and Valsalva condition respectively were observed and measured, including the bladder neck descent (BND), urethral rotation angle, retrovesical angle, levator urethra gap (LUG), the existence of bladder neck funneling, position of the tape, by using 2D and 3D transperineal ultrasound. Results The two groups were compared with the ultrasonic parameters before and after operation: two groups of patients with postoperative BND [(2.3 ± 0.5) versus (3.1 ± 0.7) cm, (1.6 ± 0.4) versus (3.6±0.4) cm] were significantly reduced, the difference was statistically significant (P=0.02, P<0.01). The two groups of LUG before and after operation [(3.62 ± 0.45) versus (3.26 ± 0.92) cm, (2.96 ± 0.47) versus (2.72 ± 0.38) cm] both had significant difference by maximum Valsalva (P<0.01, P=0.04). There was statistical significance difference of urethral rotation angle in TVM+TVT-Abbrevo group by maximum Valsalva (P=0.01). Observation of morphology:(1) 2 patients with difficulty in urination in TVM+TVT-Abbrevo group, ultrasound showed when the position of the bladder down the urethra discount;4 patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI), ultrasound showed slings off or release. (2) One patient with difficulty in urination in TVM group, but ultrasound showed lower urinary tract anatomy were normal; 5 patients with SUI, ultrasound showed the position of the bladder neck were significantly lower in 3 patients, showing high mobility, and the other 2 patients had a larger urethral diameter, showing a tendency of natural deletion. Conclusions Anatomy of lower urinary tract could be clearly showed by transperineal sonography. This could provide imaging support for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract symptoms after pelvic floor reconstruction.

Value of pudendal nerve stimulation for predicting the stress urinary incontinence following pelvic prolapse surgery / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To seek the predictive value of pudendal nerve function that need preventive anti-incontinence surgery at the same time following pelvic prolapse surgery in severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP) patients. Methods Seventy women completed this study from January 2014 to June 2015 in Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, dividing into four groups: POP with or without coexisting occult stress urinary incontinence (OSUI) in preoperation, women with persistent stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in postoperation, women without SUI in postoperation. The pudendal nerve function in preoperation was measured by using Solar Urodynamic Neuro Module, including pudendal nerve terminal motor latency (PNTML), and amplitude. Results There were statistical significance on bilateral PNTML between POP coexisting OSUI group and only severe POP group [(2.62±0.23) versus (2.40±0.26) ms in right of PNTML, (2.55 ± 0.21) versus (2.37 ± 0.30) ms in left of PNTML; all P0.05). Compared de novo SUI group with POP group in postoperation, de novo SUI group′s right of PNTML was significantly increased [(2.74 ± 0.16) versus (2.47 ± 0.26) ms; P<0.05]; and the right of PNTML was extending 2.5 standard deviation at least compared with the health′s [(2.10±0.20) ms]. Conclusions The PNTML of pudendal nerve of POP coexisting OSUI is severe than only severe POP, the velocity of nerve conduction is slowing, and PNTML extension has a predictive value for postoperative urinary incontinence. When the right of PNTML of preoperative POP increased by at least 2.5 standard deviations than health′s, the risk of SUI postoperative strongly increased, and a anti-incontinence surgery at the same time following pelvic prolapse surgery should be adviced.

Mechanism of adult offspring rats'anxiety-like behavior induced by morphine addiction and withdrawal in parents before mating / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of adult offspring rats'anxiety-like behavior induced by parents experienced morphine addiction and withdrawal.MethodsEstablishing the model of Sprague-Dawley rats morphine addiction,Male and female rats were mated after morphine withdrawal 21 days.Meaning-while,saline control group was established in the same method.5 female and 5 male offspring's brains were obtained to observe the neuronal morphology of hippocampal CA1 through Golgi staining when they were 8 weeks old,the same number of female and male's hippocampus were derived after deeply anesthetized to perform the whole genome expression profiles analysis.ResultsThe total length and the number of basal dendrites branches on hippocampal CA1 neurons in offspring of morphine groups were significantly decreased compared to the offspring of saline group.Comparison with the offspring of saline group,663 up-regulated genes (ratios ≥2.0) and 499 down-regulated genes ( ratios ≤0.5 ) were detected in the male offspring of morphine groups,and 350 up-regulated genes (ratios ≥2.0) and 188 down-regulated genes (ratios ≤0.5) were done in the female.Furthermore,they included many genes associated with regulation of emotional behavior,such as 5-HT2c receptor up-regulation 7-fold,Igf-2 up-regulation 7.1-fold and reelin down-regulation 3.3-fold were observed.ConclusionExperienced morphine addiction and withdrawal in parents prior to mating leads to dysplasia of dendritic morphology in hippocampal CA1 neurons of adult offspring rats,and 5-HT2c,Igf-2,reelin expressing abnormally,which may be the possible mechanism of anxiety-like behavior in adult offspring rats.

Cloning and identification of normal mouse NT3 gene and the establishment and screening of cell strain expressing high level of NT3 gene / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To clone and identify neurotrophic factor NT3 gene from mouse liver so as to establish a cell strain expressing high level of NT3 gene. Methods The target genes amplified by RT PCR were cloned into the shuttle vector pExchange 1neo, and then the DNA sequence was analyzed by enzyme digestion and sequencing. The recombinant expression vector pExchange NT3 1neo was employed to transfect the embryonic stem cell strain MESPU35, and then the transfected cells were selected by G418. The NT3 level in the transfected cells was detected by RT PCR. Results A gene fragment of 777 bp was obtained by RT PCR, and the DNA sequence was identical to mice NT 3 gene sequence of GenBank. The recombinant vector was constructed successfully and the constructed cell strain could express high level of NT 3 gene. Conclusion The successful cloning of NT3 gene from mouse liver, construction of pExchange NT3 1neo expression vector, and establishment of cell strain stably expressing high level of NT3 gene have laid a foundation for the further studies.

Expression and identification of the soluble monoclonal antibody ScFv fragment / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To express soluble single chain variable fragments (ScFv) of monoclonal antibody MC3 recognizing colorectal carcinomas in E. coli HB2151 and to purify the soluble ScFv and identify its antigen binding activities to find new target vectors for the diagnosis and therapy of colorectal carcinomas. Methods The phage clones displaying ScFv fragment of the monoclonal antibody MC3 were used to infect E. coli HB2151 to express soluble antibodies. The soluble ScFvs were identified by Dot blot and Western blot and their antigen binding activities were determined by ELISA. The VH and VL DNAs of the ScFv DNA derived were sequenced based on the dideoxy method. Results The soluble MC3 ScFvs were expressed successfully. The expression products with a proximate MW of 32?10 3 were mainly secreted into the periplasm. The soluble ScFv containing periplasmatic extracts derived from three clones could inhibit the binding of MC3 with its antigen, and the inhibition rates were 41.19%, 36.89% and 33.77% respectively. The sequences of the VH and VL DNAs of the MC3 ScFv showed that the variable antibody genes belonged to the IgG1 subgroup and ? type. Conclusion Generation of E. coli HB2151 expressed ScFv of monoclonal antibody MC3 paves the way for further use of the antibody.