The Wave Analysis of Auditory Brainstem Responses in Normal Adult Wistar Rat / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To investigate the click and tone burst evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABR)in normal Wistar rat,and to establish the standards of ABR testing method,and to provide a reference for studies rat audition.Methods Fifteen male Wistar rats(30 ears)were used in this sutdy.The latency and amplitude of ABR e-voked by click and TB at 80,50 and 20 dB SPL were measured.Results The occurrence rate of wave Ⅱand Ⅳat low levels(20 dB SPL)was nearly the same according to the amplitude.The cABR (dB peSPL)threshold was 21.83± 4.45 and tbABR (dB SPL)thresholds were 2.02±0.09,2.88±0.16,3.77±0.25,4.69±0.29,and 5.78±0.41, respectively.80 dB stimulus evoked cABR (peSPL)wave I,I b,II,III,IV and V latency (ms)were 1.76±0.12, 2.13±0.11,2.67±0.16,3.49±0.28,4.39±0.29,and 5.45±0.41,respectively.tbABR (SPL)of wave I,Ib, II,III,IV and V latency (ms)at 4 kHz were 2.02±0.09,2.88±0.16,3.77±0.25,4.69±0.29,and 5.78± 0.41,respectively.At 8 kHz they were 1.76±0.07,2.28±0.10,2.63±0.16,3.49±0.21,4.44±0.28,and 5.48±0.43;while at 12 kHz were1.76±0.08,2.24±0.12,2.61±0.25,3.53±0.25,4.46±0.32,and 5.52± 0.45;at 16 kHz were 1.79±0.10,2.25±0.12,2.70±0.18,3.62±0.27,4.52±0.37,and 5.61±0.49;at 24 kHz were 1.75±0.09,2.27±0.11,2.67±0.16,3.60±0.27,4.52±0.38,and 5.60±0.51;at 32 kHz were 1.77±0.10,2.24±0.12,2.64±0.20,3.59±0.34,4.52±0.40,and 5.61±0.52,respectively.Conclusion Wave Ⅳ was the best wave to determine threshold of click and tone burst evoked auditory brainstem response in rat.

Prognostic factors of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the recovery rate of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children, and explore the prognostic factors in order to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.@*METHOD@#A retrospective review was conducted for the prognosis of children with sudden sensorineural hearing loss during the past 5 years (from November 2010 to May 2015) in Chinese PLA General Hospital. This paper have a complete clinical data of 101 patients (113 ears)with sudden hearing loss, ranging from 0 to 18 years old Patients were divided into four groups according to hearing recovery and eight putative prognostic factors were analyzed.@*RESULT@#Among 101 patients (113 ears), the ratio of male and female was 60:53. Treatment was initiated from 1 to 183 days after disease onset, with an average of (18.5 ± 22.1) d. Bilateral and unilateral hearing loss were 24 ears and 89 ears, respectively. The proportion of mild hearing loss, moderate hearing loss, severe hearing loss and profound hearing loss were 7.1%, 6.2%, 23.9% and 62.8%, respectively. Vertigo and tinnitus occurred in 54.9% and 77.9% of the patients, respectively. After the treatment, the complete recovery rate was 9.7% and the overall recovery rate was 36.3%. The degree of hearing loss, earlier treatment onset, sex and bilateral involvement were significantly associated with hearing recovery (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Sudden sensorineural hearing loss in children was generally identified as severe and profound hearing loss, but after positive and timely treatment, it can be improved or even cured. The mild hearing loss, earlier treatment onset, unilateral hearing loss and female were positive prognostic factors. The concurrence of tinnitus or vertigo, the results of ABR and DPOAE had no significant influence on prognosis.

The study of clinical characteristics of sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients with tinnitus / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analysis the characteristics of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) patients with tinnitus, and explore the relationship of characteristics of tinnitus and audiology.@*METHOD@#Patients diagnosed as SSHL with tinnitus were studied in the research. All patients' clinical features were analyzed, such as tinnitus frequency, pure tone audiometry, tinnitus, hearing loss degree, results of residual inhibition test.@*RESULT@#Thirty cases were identified as mild degree hearing loss, 13 cases as moderate degree, 28 cases as severe degree and 34 cases as profound degree. And hearing impaired frequency of 13 cases was ascertained at low-frequency, 39 cases at middle-high-frequency, and 53 cases at full-range-frequency. The incidence of patients with low-frequency was about 41. 9% (44/105), and it was about 21. 9% (23/105) in those with middle-frequency. And it was 36. 2% (38/105) in cases of high-frequency tinnitus. The chi-square test show statistically significant differences between patients with the low-frequency, middle-frequency and high-frequency of the hearing loss (P<0. 05). In tinnitus residual inhibition test, positive rate of convergence type masking curve was about 72.0%, tinnitus separated type masking curve 20.0%, overlapping type was 57.9%, and the spacing type was 43.5%. There was a statistically significant difference among cases with different type masking curve (P<0. 05)with the spacing residual inhibition test positive rate.@*CONCLUSION@#There are individual differences of clinical characteristics among SSHL patients with tinnitus. Tinnitus frequency is consistent with the frequency of hearing loss. Patients had the more serious the degree of hearing loss, who had more serious tinnitus grading. Cases with the converged type curve will be fit for tinnitus masking. Therefore, combining the tinnitus detection with the audiological tests, we could obtain the clinical characteristics of SSHL patients with tinnitus.

Study of clinical characteristics and curative effects of sudden hearing loss patients with vertigo / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical characteristics, prognosis and therapeutic effects of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) patients associated with vertigo, and to investigate the strategy of diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 240 patients diagnosed as SSHL with vertigo, who were treated in the Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 2008 to August 2012. Various factors affecting the therapeutic effects were analyzed, such as audiological features, vestibular function tests, genders, audiograms, lasting before seeing a doctor, courses of vertigo and vascular factors.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Among the contemporaneous SSHL patients (873 cases), the cases with vertigo accounted for 27.49% (240/873). Among the 240 patients with vertigo, the cases with different hearing impaired degree of mild, moderate, severe and profound were 30, 13, 28 and 34, respectively, primarily by the profound cases. Detailed vestibular function tests were performed in 97 patients, with 54 cases having unilateral vestibular disfunction and 43 patients having normal vestibular function, among which 23 cases were diagnosed as benign paroxymal positional vertigo (BBPV). The relationship between vestibular function and different hearing impaired degrees or various audiogram types had no statistically significant difference. 219 cases had detailed records of the onset time of cochlear and vestibular symptoms, including 122 patients with cochlear symptoms and dizziness occurring simultaneously. After standardized drug treatment, the total effective rate was 46.67%, with recovery in 17 cases, excellent in 34 cases, better in 61 cases and poor in 128 cases, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that different genders, audiogram types, vertigo courses of time, the results of vestibular function and neck vascular ultrasounds were not related to the curative effects, while, the treatment time after onset was significantly associated with treatment effects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SSHL with vertigo has a high incidence, primarily single side affected, with relatively severe hearing impairment, and total deafness and downslope hearing curve mainly. Vestibular function can be normal or low in SSHL patients with vertigo, with a higher incidence of BPPV. Vestibular and cochlear symptoms occur simultaneously in more than half of the patients. The detection rate of vestibular dysfunction gradually increased, as the degree of hearing loss increased, without statistical significance although. The therapeutic effects of sudden hearing loss with vertigo cases have no relationship with dizziness duration or vestibular function, while the disease course plays an important role in treatment.</p>

Epidemiological studies on mtDNA 12S rRNA A1555G mutation of 10 non syndromic hearing loss families in Yunnan province / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the meaning of the mutation screening, prevalence, inheritance and the intervention or the prevention for the specific drugs in 10 families with non-syndrome hearing loss in Yunnan Province, China.@*METHOD@#To do a questionnaire about the cases of ten families with non-syndrome hearing loss and to draw a detailed matriarchal family tree detailed. Following that, the A1555G mutation-positive individuals were detected and confirmed using DNA extracting, PCR amplification and sequencing for family volunteer.@*RESULT@#There are 96 members have attended the blood collection in these ten families. Thirty-six of them had the normal hearing and 60 of them had the sensory neural hearing loss. However, 4 out of those had no A1555G point mutation, and 92 had A1555G point mutation (95.8%). While 7 of those were Heterogeneity, the rest were all homogeneous mutation. There were also 73 patients who had amino glycoside antibiotic medication history. However all the rest cases had a history of amino glycoside antibiotic medication were not clear yet.@*CONCLUSION@#The proportion of patients with drug-induced deafness is high in Yunnan province and the mutation rate of mitochondrial DNA A1555G is also high. It is worthy to do DNA 12SrRNA A1555G mutation screening for drug intervention and prevention.

Research on mitochondrial DNA T1095C gene variation in military noise-induced hearing loss / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical and sequence character of the entire mitochondrial genome in five subjects with mitochondrial 12SrRNA T1095C mutation, and to analyze its relationship with the military noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).@*METHOD@#Three hundreds and four soldiers exposed to military noise were selected in Yunan and Beijing, including susceptible (experimental) and tolerance (control) groups. Mitochondrial 12SrRNA T1095C mutation were found in 5 subjects. Then the complete nucleotide sequence of five subjects were sequenced and its clinical character were analyzed.@*RESULT@#m12SrRNA T1095C mutation were identified in 5 subjects of experimental group,and none were found in control group. There was significant difference between them (P < 0.05). All five soldiers had the history of military noise exposure and showed sensorineural deafness of different degrees. Sequence analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes showed the distinct sets of mtDNA polymorphism besides T1095C mutation in five subjects.@*CONCLUSION@#The T1095C mutation in hearing loss subjects with various genetic background and history of military noise exposure, is involved in the pathogenesis of hearing impairment. It indicates that the T1095C mutation do relate well with military noise induced-hearing loss.

The expressions of TP, MK and CD105 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and their clinical significance / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expressions of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), midkine (MK) and MVD marked with CD105 antibody in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their clinical significance.@*METHOD@#The expressions of TP, MK and CD105 in LSCC tissues of 43 cases were studied by immunohistochemical staining.@*RESULT@#The positive expression rates of TP and MK in LSCC were 67.4% and 60.5% respectively, the mean value of MVD was 6.01 +/- 1.78. MVD was significantly higher in tumor tissue with both positive TP and MK than in that with both negative TP and MK (7.07 +/- 3.26 vs. 4.03 +/- 1.90, P < 0.05). The expression of TP, MK and CD105 were all correlated with T-stage and lymph node metastasis. Positive TP, MK expression and high MVD were all associated with a poor survival, and positive expression of both TP and MK in tumors conferred a poorer prognosis than negative expression of those factors in tumors, but only the lymph node metastasis and MVD were independent prognostic factors on multivariate analysis.@*CONCLUSION@#Both TP and MK are important for angiogenesis in LSCC. TP, MK and angiogenesis are all closely correlated with the progress of LSCC and the lymph node metastasis. The lymph node metastasis and MVD marked with CD105 antibody were independent prognostic factors. TP and MK may affect the progression and prognosis of tumor by promotion of angiogenesis. A combinative detection of TP, MK and CD105 can be as valuable tumor marker and prognostic factor for LSCC.

Mitochondrial DNA and GJB2 Genovariation in Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in the Army / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between mitochondrial DNA gene,GJB2 gene mutations and the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss in the army,and to provide scientific evidence for gene screening of susceptible individuals and relevant molecular epidemiology.Methods 182 blood samples were collected from 349 soldiers,consisting of susceptible and tolerance groups exposed to military noise in Beijing.Genomic DNA was isolated,and the targeted fragments of mitochondrial DNA and coding region of GJB2 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The PCR products were analyzed by direct sequencing.Results The results revealed that there were 98 mtDNA variants(41 reside in 12SrRNA) and 12 GJB2 gene variants;among them,mtDNA T1095C and G7642A coexisted in 4 susceptible individuals,but these mutations were not found in the tolerance group.In addition,3 tolerant individuals carried 961delT+insC while no one was found in the susceptible group.Conclusion The 12SrRNA is an area evidenced by high variant and mutation rate.The coexistence of mtDNA T1095C and G7642A in the susceptible group exposed to the similar noise suggests that these mutations are pathogenic mutations associated with NIHL.Three tolerant individuals with the history of long-term noise exposure carry 961delT+insC,suggesting that 961delT+insC might be a conditional pathogenic mutation,but not correlate with NIHL.

Analysis of mitochondrial DNA gene mutations in hearing loss induced by military noise / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between mitochondrial DNA gene mutations and the susceptibility to military noise,and to provide a criterion for screening the individuals susceptible to military noise through molecular biology diagnostic method.Methods An investigation of hearing loss was performed among a total of 1032 servicemen including 406 tankers and 626 artillerymen who have endured military noise in their military duty.A total of 122 blood samples were collected,of which 82 samples were collected from susceptible individuals(susceptible group) and 40 from tolerance individuals(tolerance group).DNA was then extracted from the leukocytes of blood samples.The gene fragments of mitochondrial DNA,which might associate with non-syndromal hearing loss,were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The PCR products were analyzed by sequencing and contrasting.The gene mutations which were different from the standard sequences of mitochondrial genome were then compared between the susceptible and tolerance groups.Further auditory analysis was performed on those persons who had the gene mutations of hearing loss.Results The gene sequencing revealed there were definite differences in mitochondrial DNA between the susceptible and tolerance groups,and statistically significant difference was found in mitochondrial DNA COII gene T7684C and G7853A mutations between the two groups.Mitochondrial DNA gene mutations were found in the present study,such as A827G,T961insC(heterogeneity),T1005C,T1095C and G7444A,which were reported to be related to deafness in literature.Most of these mutations were detected from the samples of susceptible group,and the others from tolerance group.Conclusion The mitochondrial DNA COII gene T7684C and G7853A mutations might exist in those persons who are susceptible to military noise.