Effect of tongxinluo capsule on platelet aggregation in patients with cerebral infarction / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Tongxinluo Capsule (TXL) on platelet aggregation in patients with cerebral infarction, and to explore its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-four patients with cerebral infarction at the rehabilitation stage were assigned to two groups according to taking or not taking aspirin at hospitalization, the 30 patients in group A were administered with TXL alone and the 44 in group B with TXL combined with aspirin. Platelet aggregation tests induced by adenosine diphosphate, epinephrine, collagen and arachidonic acid were conducted in all patients to evaluate the effect of TXL on platelet aggregation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Platelet aggregation rate induced by adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine decreased after treatment in Group A from 88.5 +/- 4.9 and 92.9 +/- 3.1 to 80.9 +/- 16.5 and 91.8 +/- 4.0 respectively (P <0.05 ); that induced by adenosine diphosphate and arachidonic acid decreased after treatment in Group B from 66.9 +/- 13.5 and 22.7 (13.5 - 32.6) to 62.0 +/- 16.3 and 17.7 (10.2 - 23.7) respectively (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Cases of aspirin resistance reduced in Group B from 20 (45%) to 10 (23%), also showing statistical difference (P <0.05). No obvious increase of side effect was found after combined use of TXL with aspirin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TXL has anti-platelet aggregation effect, its mechanism may be related with the inhibition of adenosine diphosphate and arachidonic acid path. It is relatively safe when used in combination with aspirin.</p>

Multicenter research on efficacy and tolerance of memantine in Chinese patients with Alzheimer's disease / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of memantine in the treatment of patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods This was a 16-week,multi-center,randomized,double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (Study 10116).A total of 258 AD patients (MMSE score 5—18) were randomized in a 1:1 ratio into either memantine 10—20 mg/day (MEM,n=128) or placebo (PBO,n= 130) group for 16 weeks.Efficacy was primarily assessed in terms of changes of severe impairment battery (SIB) score in patients from baseline up to SIB assessment in the 16th week (16-week completers set, CS16).While ehanges of MMSE,ADCS-ADL_(19),and NPI (neuropsychiatric inventory) were evaluated as secondary efficacy parameters on both CSI6 and full-analysis set (FAS).Safety was assessed by physical examination,lab assays,ECG,and adverse events.Results 236 subjeets (CS16:MEM n=117,PBO n=119) were eligible for the efficacy assessment.No statistically significant difference between the treatments was observed on the primary and seeondary efficacy analysis,although both treatment groups had a slight increase from baseline in SIB total score.Post hoe evaluation of the data identified two bias factors that had a significant impact on the results of the pre-protoeol specified primary and secondary analyses.In a re-analysis of the data (CS16_(modified),MEM n=94,PBO n=95) excluding patient data affeeted by these factors,memantine-treated patients showed a statistically significant improvement related to placebo in the 16th week on the SIB (MEM 2.2 vs PBO 0.3,P=0.04),MMSE (MEM 1.0 vs PBO 0.1,P=0.03),and ADL (MEM 0.1 vs PBO-1.6,P=0.02) scales,indicating that memantine improved the cognitive function of AD patients and stabilized the activity of daily life.Memantine was well tolerated with an adverse event profile similar to that of placebo.Conclusion This study provides further support for pre-existing data,showing that memantine is efficacious,safe,and well-tolerated in patients with moderate to severe AD.