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Chronic liver disease （CLD） tends to have a high incidence rate and impose a serious burden on society and families. Studies have shown that metal ion metabolism is closely associated with CLD， and some Chinese herbal medicines can play a role in the prevention and treatment of CLD by regulating metal ion metabolism. At present， the synthetic drugs currently used for the treatment of CLD fail to achieve a satisfactory effect， and therefore， a variety of Chinese herbal medicines are being used as supplementary and alternative therapies for CLD. This article introduces the role of metal ion metabolism in CLD and the regulatory effect of Chinese herbal medicines and their active components on CLD， and the analysis shows that metal ion metabolism is expected to provide new ideas for the research on CLD and a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of CLD. For the role of metal ion metabolism in the treatment of CLD， more prospective clinical study data are needed in the future to provide effective and safe treatment regimens for patients with CLD.
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Objective: To assess the feasibility of coronary lfow reserve (CFR) detection by SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging using a self developed software with preliminary clinical veriifcation. Methods: CFR calculation software was developed according to Mat lab guide. A total of 16 patients were enrolled including 13 male and 3 female at the mean age of (58±11) years . CAG conifrmed that 25 coronary branches were with stenosis>50% and 23 branches were without stenosis. 2-day ATP/rest99mTc-sestamibi dynamic SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging was conducted to detect CFR. First transit counts were used to sketch the interested pulmonary artery segments and to obtain the arterial input curve of contrast agent as total PAC reached to heart. Reconstructed short-axis images were divided into 3 sections to sketch interested territories (ROI) and to obtain RMC at each territory. Estimated CFR was expressed by the ratio of MBF=RMC/PAC followed by calculating the ratio of MFR=MBFstress/MBFrest. Results: The difference between simulated value and true value could be ignored which conifrmed that our program may accurately measure CFR. The reproducibility by different operators (r=0.986) and the same operator (r=0.983) was good. CFR value in non-stenosis branches were higher than stenosis branches (1.28 ± 0.19) vs (1.10 ± 0.27),P=0.008 and CFR value in stenosis branches was negatively related to stenosis degree (r=-0.5,P=0.02). Conclusion: Our self developed software is reliable for CFR detection by SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging; preliminary study showed good application prospect in clinical practice.
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Objective To evaluate the short term clinical efficacy of recombinant human B‐type natriuretic peptide(rhBNP) in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy complicating heart failure .Methods 121 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy complicating heart failure were selected ,the cardiac function grade Ⅲ - Ⅳ ,and randomly divided into the conventional treatment group(control group ,n= 61) and the rhBNP treatment group(rhBNP group ,n = 60) .The disease history was recorded and clinical symptoms , heart color echocardiography ,cardiac function ,renal function and plasma NT‐proBNP levels were observed before and after treat‐ment .Results The NT‐proBNP level after 72 h treament in the rhBNP group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P< 0 .01) ;LVEDd after 1 week treatment in the rhBNP group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P =0 .033) ;LVEF was increased in the both groups ,but the increase in the rhBNP group was more significant compared with the con‐trol group (P< 0 .01) .The total effective rate was 91 .6% in the rhBNP group and 72 .1% in the control group with statistical dif‐fernece between the two groups(P= 0 .005) ;the average hospital stay time in the rhBNP group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P= 0 .041) .The proportion of the major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) occurrence had no statistical difference between the two groups(P= 0 .492) .Conclusion rhBNP is safe and effective in treating the acute decompensation of di‐lated cardiomyopathy .
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Objective To establish a quality standard for Xiaoer Shengxue granules. Method SHU-Dihuang, yam, Chinese data in Xiaoer Shengxue granules were identified by TLC. Ferrous sulfate in the granule was determined by UV with wavelength at 509 nm. Results SHU-Dihuang, yam, Chinese data could be detected by TLC. Ferrous sulfate showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.50～2.50 mg/mL, r=0.999 9. The average recovery was 101.3% and RSD was 1.48% (n=5). Conclusion The method is available with a good reproducibility and can be used for the quality control of Xiaoer Shengxue granule.
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BACKGROUND: Belladonna drugs have been widely used in clinic in our country to improve microcirculation, or as a herbal anesthetic drug. However,there are few reports regarding the animal experiments on belladonna alkaloid against morphine addiction further OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of belladonna alkaloid combined with morphine on morphine(Mor)-addicted mice so as to provide an experimental basis for development of belladonna to morphine addiction.DESIGN: A completely randomized-controlled study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Laboratory of physiology of a medical college.MATERIALS: The study was performed at the Laboratory of Physiology of Medical Department of Hebei Engineering College from June 2004 to August 2004. Fifty 2-month old male healthy Kunming mice of clean grade with a body mass of(20±2) g were obtained from Experimental Animal Centre of Hebei Medical University.METHODS: According to evaluation index of dependence in Morphine-addicted animals, we chose pain threshold and naloxone-urged jumping response as items to observe. Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 mice each, which were the control group (saline), the morphine group, the scopolamine(Sco)group, the anisodamine(Ani), atropine(Atr)group. The corresponding drugs or saline was administered by intraperitoneal (I. P.) injection once a day for 7 days. The pain threshold at 1 hour after I. P. Injection of drugs was observed from day 1 to day 7 by hot-plate method. Mice were given I.p. Injection of naloxone (Nal, 5 mg/kg ) 6hours after the last injection. The jumping times within 30 minutes were observed to evaluate the ,formation of the Morphine addiction.Nal-urged mice.RESULTS: The pain threshold of the mice in Morphine group was decreased significantly, and the jumping times and jumping rate were obviously increased compared with that of the control group( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The co-administration of Sco-Mor mixtures for 7 days significantly increased the pain threshold of Mor-dependent mice( P ＜ 0.01) and markedly decreased the jumping times and the jumping rate( P ＜ 0. 05) . Atr-Mor and Ani-Mor had a weak effect on the elevation of the pain threshold of Mor-dependent mice, but had strong effects on the decrease of the jumping times and the jumping rate( P ＜ 0. 01 ).CONCLUSION: Belladonna alkaloids all could antagonize Mor-dependence in mice at different degrees, which provide an important experimental evidence to develop belladonna drugs for preventing opium addiction.
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AIM: To explore the effect of allicin on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by global cerebral ischemia - reperfusion and its mechanisms. METHODS: Wistar rats were subjected to 15 min global cerebral ischemia followed by 72 h reperfusion. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to evaluate the rate of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and colorimetric method was used for the measurement of nitric oxide (NO) , malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in hippocampal tissue. RESULTS: Neuronal apoptotic rate, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde contents in hippocampal tissues of rats in I - R group were significantly higher than those in sham group. However, superoxide dismutase activity in hippocampal tissues of rats in I - R group was obviously lower than that in sham group. Allicin pretreatment inhibited the above changes in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Allicin hihibits hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by global ischemia-reperfusion insult through anti - oxidation. The anti - oxidation action of allicin may be one of the mechanisms of inhibitory effects on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.
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AIM: To study the effects of protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, chelerythrine chloride (CH), on nociceptive response, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) content in spinal cord of rats with inflammatory pain. METHODS: Inflammatory pain was induced by formalin injection into right hind paw. NADPH-d histochemistry was used to investigate the changes of NOS expression. Nitrate/nitrite (NO_2-/NO_3-) was assayed to represent NO content. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the number of NADPH-d positive cells increased significantly in the superficial layer (LaminaeⅠ-Ⅱ) of the spinal cord dorsal horn and the grey matter surrounding the central canal (Laminae Ⅹ) in rats with inflammatory pain, the reactive degree of NADPH-d positive soma and fibers and NO content of the lumbar enlargement of spinal cord also increased significantly. Intrathecal injection of CH inhibited the spontaneous pain response in the second phase induced by formalin injection, and prevented the increases in the number and reactive degree of NADPH-d positive cells, as well as NO content of the lumbar enlargement of spinal cord. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the activation of PKC promotes NOS expression and NO production in the nociceptive neurons of spinal cord during formalin-induced inflammatory pain.