Roles of indoxyl sulfate in complications of chronic kidney disease / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Chronic kidney disease is a global public health problem, and its occurrence and development are closely related to the exposure of uremic toxins in vivo. Indoxyl sulfate is one of protein-bound enterogenous uremic toxin, it significantly accumulates in patients with chronic kidney disease as renal function declines. Indoxyl sulfate not only promotes the progression of chronic kidney disease, but also induces pathological changes in other tissues and organs, causing complications in other organs related to chronic kidney disease. This article mainly reviews the effect of indoxyl sulfate on blood vessels, muscle, skeleton and brain and their mechanisms, and summarizes chronic kidney disease treatment by clearing indoxyl sulfate.