Mormorphological and functional changes of lung cells in hyperoxia environment / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To observe the morphological and functional changes of different lung cells in hyperoxia environment.Methods Type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells (AECⅡ) and lung fibroblasts (LFs) of fetal rats with 18 days old were isolated and culturedin vitro, and divided into air group (placed in an atmospheric incubator, and culturing with oxygen volume fraction of 0.21) and hyperoxia group (placed in a high oxygen culture chamber, and culturing with oxygen volume fraction of 0.90). Morphological changes of two kinds of cells were observed under microscope. Cell migration was observed by scratch test. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in cells were detected by flow cytometry.Results After 8 hours of hyperoxia, the volume of AECⅡincreased and the cells were loosely arranged; the clearance of LFs cells was increased and arranged in disorder. Scratch test showed that, compared with air group, the immigration rate of AECⅡ was inhibited at 6 hours hyperoxia [migration rate: (38.67±1.15)％ vs. (58.67±2.31)％,P < 0.01], the immigration rate of LFs was promoted at 12 hours after hyperoxia [migration rate:(55.37±1.50)％ vs. (46.90±1.20)％,P < 0.01]. With the increase of hyperoxia time, intracellular ROS contents of two cells were gradually increased, which were significantly higher than those of the air group (fluorescence intensity:130.67±4.04 vs. 54.67±2.51, 85.00±2.00 vs. 60.33±1.52, bothP < 0.01). Both two kinds of cells showed apoptosis after exposure to high oxygen, the apoptosis rate of AECⅡ at 2 hour exposure were significantly higher than that of air group [(1.93±0.28)％ vs. (1.07±0.11)％,P < 0.05], the apoptosis rate of LFs at 6 hour exposure was significantly higher than that of air group [(1.66±0.09)％ vs. (1.46±0.09)％,P < 0.05].Conclusion High concentration of oxygen can cause poor growth of lung cells, reduce AEC Ⅱ migration level and increase LFs migration, and the production of intracellular ROS eventually leads to apoptosis of lung cells.

Effects of Periplaneta americana extract Ento-A on immune function in immunosuppressed mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of Periplane-ta americana extract Ento-A on the immune function in immunosuppressed mice . Methods Immunosup-pressed mouse model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide in KM mice .To evalu-ate the effects of Ento-A on the immune function in im-munosuppressed mice , neutral red method and MTT assay were used respectively to detect the effects of En-to-A on the phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages and T cell proliferation rate in mice; with sheep red blood cell as immunogen , the effects of Ento-A on the pro-duction of serum hemolysin were evaluated;peripheral blood was tested and immune organ index calculated . Results Compared with model control group , the high, medium and low doses of Ento-A could improve the expression of serum hemolysin in immunosup-pressed mice ( P<0.01 ) , and increase the spleen in-dex(P<0.01) and thymus index (P>0.05), signifi-cantly increased the content of WBC ( P<0.01 ) , PLT ( P<0.01 ) , HGB ( P<0.01 ) , while the contents of RBC was on the rise , with no significant difference ( P>0.05 ) in peripheral blood , significantly enhanced phagocytic function and T lymphocyte proliferative abil-ity in a dose-dependent manner ( P<0.01 ) .Conclu-sion Ento-A can enhance the immune function of im-munosuppressed mice .

Effects of the status of lymph nodes metastasis on the prognosis of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To explore the prognostic factors for postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the effects of lymph nodes metastasis status on the survival of patients and failure modes of treatment. Methods · Data of 121 patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent radical resection and postoperative radiotherapy from 2006 to 2013 were collected. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate prognostic factors with the log-rank test and the Cox regression model. The differences in OS and recurrence patterns between patients with different lymph node metastasis status were compared. Results · The median DFS of all patients was 22.57 months and median OS was 32.90 months.Multivariate analysis showed that KPS score, length of lesion, and positive lymph nodes ratio (pLNR) were independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS. For patients with positive lymph nodes, the median DFS of patients with pLNR ≤ 0.15 and pLNR>0.15 were 33.43 and 19.20 months (P=0.04).Patients without nodal skip metastasis (NSM) had better median OS than patients with NSM, but the difference was not statistically significant. OS was significantly worse in patients with pLNR>0.15 and NSM than in other patients with positive lymph nodes (median OS of 14.33 vs 32.50 months, P=0.02).pLNR had a better prognostic value for OS than the number of positive lymph nodes (AUC=0.673, P=0.04). Analysis of the failure patterns showed that more distant metastases were observed in patients with pLNR>0.15, while more local and regional recurrences were observed in patients with pLNR ≤ 0. 15. Conclusion · The status of lymph nodes metastasis is associated with the prognosis of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced ESCC. pLNR has a better prognostic value for OS for patients with positive lymph nodes. The recurrence pattern varies in patients with different pLNR after postoperative radiotherapy. The patients with high pLNR and NSM have poor prognosis.

Effects of the status of lymph nodes metastasis on the prognosis of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To explore the prognostic factors for postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and the effects of lymph nodes metastasis status on the survival of patients and failure modes of treatment. Methods · Data of 121 patients with locally advanced ESCC who underwent radical resection and postoperative radiotherapy from 2006 to 2013 were collected. The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate prognostic factors with the log-rank test and the Cox regression model. The differences in OS and recurrence patterns between patients with different lymph node metastasis status were compared. Results · The median DFS of all patients was 22.57 months and median OS was 32.90 months.Multivariate analysis showed that KPS score, length of lesion, and positive lymph nodes ratio (pLNR) were independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS. For patients with positive lymph nodes, the median DFS of patients with pLNR ≤ 0.15 and pLNR>0.15 were 33.43 and 19.20 months (P=0.04).Patients without nodal skip metastasis (NSM) had better median OS than patients with NSM, but the difference was not statistically significant. OS was significantly worse in patients with pLNR>0.15 and NSM than in other patients with positive lymph nodes (median OS of 14.33 vs 32.50 months, P=0.02).pLNR had a better prognostic value for OS than the number of positive lymph nodes (AUC=0.673, P=0.04). Analysis of the failure patterns showed that more distant metastases were observed in patients with pLNR>0.15, while more local and regional recurrences were observed in patients with pLNR ≤ 0. 15. Conclusion · The status of lymph nodes metastasis is associated with the prognosis of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced ESCC. pLNR has a better prognostic value for OS for patients with positive lymph nodes. The recurrence pattern varies in patients with different pLNR after postoperative radiotherapy. The patients with high pLNR and NSM have poor prognosis.

Clinical Features in Pulmonary Hypertension Patients Combining Obstructive Sleep Apnea / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To observe clinical features in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients combining obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: Sleep apnea monitoring was conducted in 65 PH patients with right cardiac catheterization in our hospital from 2016-04 to 2016-08. General clinical tests and the parameters of sleep respiration and right cardiac catheterization were recorded. OSA was diagnosed by apnea hypopnea index (AHI)≥5, different parameters were compared between PH patients with and without OSA. Results: The average patients' age was (41.98±15.26) years including 72.31% (47/65) female, 26 (40%) patients combining OSA with the mean AHI at (18.12±13.40). Compared to those without OSA, PH with OSA patients had the elder age, more male and higher proportions of chronic thromboembolic PH, lung diseases or hypoxia; increased AHI, apnea index (AI), obstructive AI (oAI); more patients with nocturnal hypoxia>10% and SaO2<90%, increased BMI, more NYHA Ⅲ and elevated NT-proBNP; while decreased mean oxygen saturation, minimum oxygen saturation, PaO2, 6 minute walk distance and cardiac index, all P<0.05. Drug therapy was similar between 2 groups. Conclusion: Nocturnal hypoxia and OSA were common in PH patients, elder age and male gender were the risk factors for PH combining OSA; the patients had lower partial pressure of oxygen especially at night, longer time of hypoxia and severer cardiac function damage. It is necessary to conduct sleep apnea monitoring to alert sleep apnea and hypoxia in relevant patients.

Relationship between pulse pressure and atherosclerotic renal artery / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the relationship between the pulse pressure (PP) and atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) in middle-age and eldery paients with hyperensio, so as to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of ARAS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We tetro spectively analyzed the data of 257 patients with hypertension undergoing renal arteriography at General Hospital of PLA between 2009 and 2014. Their mean age was (64.09 +/- 7.81) years. According the results of arteriography, they were divided into two groups: ARAS group (n = 145), and non-ARAS group (n = 112). Their PP and multinomial clinical indexes with ARAS were statistically analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Single factor correlation and Logisitic analysis showed that age, PP, serum creatinine (SCr) levels, and new onset of hypertension after 50 years of age were strongly positively related to ARAS. The age and PP and SCr was a team of continuous variable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PP was the first new risk factor of ARAS in middile-aged and elderly patients with hypertension. It is suggested that PP may be a early predictive indicator and a new therapeutic target for ARAS.</p>

Gossypol acetic acid induces DNA double-strand breaks in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell MEC-1 / 生理学报

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of gossypol acetic acid (GAA) on the proliferation of human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line MEC-1 in vitro and its possible molecular mechanisms of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). MTT assay was performed to test the inhibition of proliferation of MEC-1 cells by GAA. DSB and γH2AX foci formation induced by GAA were detected by neutral comet assay and immunostaining. GAA (5-40 μmol/L) inhibited the growth of MEC-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. One of the indexes of comet assay, percentage of head DNA was decreased, however other indexes, including tail length, percentage of tail DNA, tail moment (TM) and Olive tail moment (OTM) were increased when treated with 2.5- 40 μmol/L GAA for 24 h or 20 μmol/L GAA for 3-48 h, compared with those in control. The percentage of γH2AX-positive cells was also increased when MEC-1 was treated with 2.5-20 μmol/L GAA for 24 h or 20 μmol/L GAA for 3-48 h, compared with that in control. All these results show that GAA inhibits the proliferation of MEC-1, and DSB maybe one of the mechanisms of inhibitory effect of GAA on the growth of tumor cells.

Clinical observation on effect of Chinese herbs in adjusting hypoestrogenemia status by clomiphene to promote ovulation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Yijing Huoxue Cuyun Decoction (YHCD) in adjusting hypoestrogenemic response induced by clomiphene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Infertile patients caused by ovulation disturbance were randomly divided into 2 groups. The 60 patients in the observed group were treated with clomiphine plus YHCD, and the 58 patients in the control group were given clomiphine plus estradiol valerate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By scoring on the cervical relaxation and improvement of cervical mucus, 38 patients (63.3%) in the observed group had Insler score of more than 8 points, while that in the control group was only 25 (43.1%), comparison between the two groups showed significant difference (P < 0.05). The endometrium thickening in the observed group was 0.98 +/- 0.19 cm, significantly different to that in the control group (0.85 +/- 0.21 cm, P < 0.01). Twenty-five patients in the observed group (41.7%), and fourteen patients in the control group (24.1%), respectively got pregnancy, the pregnant rate in the former was obviously higher than that in the latter (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>YHCD can ameliorate hypoestrinemia induced by clomiphene and increase the pregnant rate in patients.</p>