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Objective To study the nutritional status and influencing factors of children aged 1-36 months in Naqu People′s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region of China,and to provide reference for further improvement of their physical quality and health level.Methods The infants and young children hospitalized from January 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled in the study.The basic information were collected,which included gender,age,weight,height,diseases,feeding patterns,adding supplementary time,etc.The Z-score of the indicators for the growth and development of children recommended by WHO were evaluated,and the children′s malnutrition status and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results A total of 1 371 infants were included in the study,which included 753 male infants and 618 females,with a ratio of 1.2 to 1.The rates of growth retardation,low weight and weight loss were 25.31%(347 cases),18.75%(257 cases) and 6.13%(84 cases),respectively.There was no significant difference in the incidence of growth retardation,low body weight and weight loss among infants and young children with different months of age (1 to 6 months,7 to 12 months,13 to 24 months,25 to 36 months).The feeding mode and the time of addition of the supplemen-tary food (tsamba paste) had a significant effect on the incidence of malnutrition in infants less than 6 months old.The incidence of malnutrition in infants with exclusive breastfeeding was lowest (28.88%,93/322).The earlier the tsamba paste was added,the higher the incidence of malnutrition.Conclusion The in-cidence of malnutrition in infants and young children in Naqu People′s Hospital is high.Correct feeding con-cept should be paid attention to.Early breastfeeding and adding supplementary food rationally for infants and young children are very important,which is beneficial to promote their nutritional status and improve the health.
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In order to affirm the cardioactive components in Fuzi, we identified a group of aminoalcohol- diterpenoid alkaloids in Fuzi using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UPLC-ESI-MS) method. Among a total of forty-one isolated ingredients, thirteen major aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids were identified by comparing their retention times and MS spectra with those of the reference substances. Moreover, Fuzi samples from different places of origin and with different processing methods were examined and their components displayed a pattern of high similarity, though the relative abundance varies probably due to their different processing methods. Furthermore, the cardiac effect of each identified alkaloid was individually evaluated using the isolated bullfrog heart perfusion experiment. Among the thirteen aminoalcohol diterpenoid alkaloids tested, six of them significantly enhanced the amplitude rates. Taken together, we affirm that the cardioactive components in Fuzi are aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids, shedding light on future studies of the mechanisms and development of these cardioactive compounds.