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Objective:To analyze the medication characteristics of ancient prescriptions for pediatric epilepsy (PE) through data mining; To summarize the compatibility law; To provide a reference for the treatment selection of Chinese materia medica and the development of patent drugs related to PE in clinic.Methods:Those with definite composition, dosage and efficacy for the treatment of PE was screened from the data of TCM prescription designed by Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Information, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Excel 2013 was used to analyze the frequency of Chinese materia medica and its flavor and meridian tropism in the included prescriptions. The arules package in R 3.6.3 was used for association analysis based on Apriori algorithm. The sankey package and ggraph package of R 3.6.3 were used to draw the network diagram of the property, taste, meridian tropism and association rules of high-frequency Chinese medicine, so as to realize data visualization.Results:A total of 360 ancient prescriptions for the treatment of PE were included, and the dosage form was mainly pills. Most of the prescriptions were composed of 1 to 10 kinds of Chinese materia medica, with a total of 192 (53.33%, 192/360) prescriptions. 152 kinds of Chinese materia medica were included. The most commonly used types of Chinese materia medica were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Moschus, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata. The properties of high-frequency Chinese materia medica (frequency≥30) were characterized by warm and mild, and the tastes were mainly pungent, bitter and sweet, and the meridians were mainly spleen and liver meridians. Through Apriori association analysis, the commonly used combination drugs were Bovis Calculus-Moschus, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Poria and Saposheikovize Radix-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Similarly, the commonly used triple drugs included Gastrodiae Rhizoma-Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Bombyx Batryticatus, Poria-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and Moschus-Bovis Calculus-Realgar.Conclusions:The ancient prescriptions for the treatment of PE is mainly composed of wind-calming, resuscitation and tonifying drug. The core prescription ideas of the ancient prescriptions are as follows: dispelling phlegm and dispelling wind, warming the meridian and dispelling yang, resuscitating and relieving spasms, clearing heat and reducing depression, and tonifying qi and blood.
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Neurodevelopment and neuronal function are modulated by multiple factors including environment,genetics and epigenetics.As a post-translational modification,N-glycosylation is catalyzed by glycosyltransferase and involves in diverse biological processes.N-glycosylation is abundant in neuronal system,regulates the development and maturation of synapse,and inflammatory response of glial cells.The dysregulation of N-glycosylation induces neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease,congenital disorders of glycosylation,schizophrenia and epilepsy.In the present review,we have summarized the progresses of N-glycosylation in regulating neuronal and astrocytic function,and its roles in neurological disorders and related mechanisms.
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Objective:To analyze the eye lens dose and annual effective dose to interventional radiation workers in some hospitals of Xinxiang city from 2020 to 2022, and to ascertain the dose to interventional radiation workers.Methods:By using TLDs, the eye lens dose Hp(3) and annual effective dose Hp(10) were monitored for three consecutive years in six hospitals in Xinxiang city. The lens doses and annual effective doses to intervention radiation workers in different years in different-level hospitals and departments were analyzed. Results:From 2020 to 2022, a total of 117 people were monitored. The left eye lens dose range was 0.12-164.24 mSv, and the right eye lens dose range was 0.07-51.64 mSv. The average annual dose was 8.56 mSv for left eye lens and 4.49 mSv for right eye lens The average annual dose distribution in the MDL-5 mSv range for the left and right eye lens was 60.68% and 73.50%, respectively. 9.41% (11 people) of the left eye lens doses exceeded 20 mSv. The annual effective doses range was 0.11-31.27 mSv, with average annual dose of 2.56 mSv. The proportion of average annual effective doses mainly distributed in the range of MDL to 1.25 mSv was 52.14%, with 2.56% annual effective dose exceeding 20 mSv. There was no significant difference in left and right eye lens dose and annual effective dose between the tertiary hospitals and the secondary hospitals in three years ( P>0.05). Compared with different departments, the cumulative per capita dose in three years was statistically significant (left eye H=11.42, right eye H=13.72, annual effective dose H=25.94, P<0.05). The lens dose and annual effective dose in neurology department were lower than those in cardiology department and comprehensive intervention department ( Zcardiology department=-3.33, -3.78, -4.83, P<0.05; Zcomprehensive intervention department=-2.71, -2.63, -4.39, P<0.05). Conclusions:Most of the annual equivalent dose and annual effective dose to eye lens of the interventional radiation workers in Xinxiang city meet the national limits, but some of them have higher doses and exceed the national limits. It is suggested that the routine and continuous monitoring of eye lens doses to interventional radiologists should be strengthened while routine monitoring of annual effective dose, and attention should be paid to the eye lens and annual effective dose to interventional radiologists in secondary hospitals to improve the awareness of protection.
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Objective:To investigate the predictive value of early thyroid function changes on the efficacy of patients with Graves′ disease (GD) after 131I therapy. Methods:Data of patients with GD (59 males, 214 females; age (37.4±11.4) years) who underwent single therapy of 131I in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from November 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Symptoms, signs and laboratory tests (serum free triiodothyronine (FT 3) and serum free thyroxine (FT 4)) of patients were observed to assess the efficacy of 131I treatment. Efficacy was divided into complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), non-remission (NR) or relapse. The changes of thyroid function (ΔFT 3=FT 3 before treatment-FT 3 after treatment)/FT 3 before treatment×100%; ΔFT 4=FT 4 before treatment-FT 4 after treatment)/FT 4 before treatment×100%) 1 month after 131I therapy in each efficacy group and differences among them were compared by using independent-sample t test, χ2 test, one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference t test. ROC curves were drawn to analyze the predictive values of early thyroid function changes on the efficacy of 131I treatment for GD. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the influencing factors for the efficacy of 131I therapy. Results:CR rate and total effective rate of 273 GD patients after single therapy of 131I were 67.03%(183/273) and 92.67%(253/273), respectively. After 1 month, CR rate of euthyroidism group ( n=95) was significantly higher than that of hyperthyroidism group ( n=178; 81.05%(77/95) vs 59.55%(106/178); χ2=4.60, P=0.032). ΔFT 3 and ΔFT 4 at the first month were statistically significant and decreased sequentially in the CR group ( n=183), PR group ( n=70), NR or relapse groups ( n=20; F values: 15.40, 12.54, both P<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that patients with ΔFT 3≥73.64% and (or) ΔFT 4≥59.03% had a higher probability of achieving CR, with sensitivities of 84.3% and 86.7%, and specificities of 62.6% and 62.6%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that 24 h radioactive iodine uptake (odds ratio ( OR)=1.095, 95% CI: 1.031-1.139), dose of 131I given per gram of thyroid tissue ( OR=1.562, 95% CI: 1.321-1.694), ΔFT 3 ( OR=1.354, 95% CI: 1.295-1.482), ΔFT 4 ( OR=1.498, 95% CI: 1.384-1.608) were factors affecting the outcome of patients with GD treated with 131I treatment (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Effects of 131I treatment can be predicted based on the change of the thyroid function at the first month after 131I treatment in patients with GD.
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New onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) and its subcategory, febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) are rare and devastating conditions, initial symptoms of which are often refractory status epilepticus. NORSE/FIRES is characterized by high mortality and disability, but unfortunately, due to the unclear pathogenesis, the diagnosis and treatment of NORSE/FIRES are very challenging. This editorial aims to summarize the key points and recent developments in the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of these challenging conditions.
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Objective:To investigate the distribution of physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, as well as the use of household water purifiers.Methods:From April to October 2021, a survey was conducted in a drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where physical and chemical water improvement was carried out. The survey included the basic situation of the affected villages (number of permanent households, number of permanent residents, historical water fluoride content) and the use of residential water purifiers. Household peripheral water samples were collected to test the water fluoride content. Water purifier installation rate, normal usage rate, qualified water fluoride rate in normal usage, and the proportion of households covered by filter replacement departments were calculated.Results:In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis were distributed in 2 735 villages in 11 leagues (cities) throughout the region, with 192 950 permanent households and 540 216 permanent residents. The average historical water fluoride content in all leagues (cities) was 2.18 mg/L, and the current average water fluoride content was 0.40 mg/L. A total of 134 763 water purifiers were installed, with an installation rate of 69.84% (134 763/192 950). A total of 10 773 households were surveyed, with 10 396 households using water purifiers normally and a normal usage rate of 96.50% (10 396/10 773). Among them, 10 158 households had qualified water fluoride of normal usage, with a qualified water fluoride rate of 97.71% (10 158/10 396). Of the 10 396 households using water purifiers normally, 3 974 households (38.23%) had filter cartridges used within one year, and 3 961 households had qualified water fluoride, with a qualified rate of water fluoride of 99.67% (3 961/3 974). Six thousand four hundred and twenty-two households (61.77%) had filter cartridges used for more than one year, with 6 197 households had qualified water fluoride and a qualified rate of water fluoride of 96.50% (6 197/6 422). There was a statistically significant difference in the qualified rate of water fluoride between purifiers with different filter cartridge usage times (χ 2 = 110.73, P < 0.001). Among the 10 773 surveyed households, the filter cartridges replacement department covered 10 470 households, accounting for 97.19% (10 470/10 773). Conclusions:In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis are widely distributed, and the normal usage rate of household water purifiers is relatively high. The qualified rate of water fluoride in household water purifiers with filter cartridges used for more than one year is low.
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Objective To discuss the application effect of using a stone extractor balloon catheter to assist in crossing the anastomotic stenosis in treatment of anastomotic biliary stenosis after liver transplantation using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).Methods Clinical data of 48 patients who developed anastomotic biliary stenosis after liver transplantation and underwent ERCP treatment were collected.Upon unsuccessful use of a dilation catheter to cross the stricture,attempts were made to cross the anastomotic biliary stenosis by using a stone extractor balloon catheter.The success rate of the procedure was recorded,intraoperative conditions were observed,treatment outcomes and complications were analyzed.Results The main presenting symptoms in the 48 patients on admission were abdominal discomfort(32 patients),fever(7 patients),pruritus(4 patients),jaundice(3 patients),and no obvious symptoms(2 patients).Preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)examination revealed isolated stricture of the anastomotic site in 35 cases,and stricture associated with stones in 13 cases.Using the stone extractor balloon catheter as a guide,guidewire crossing of the anastomotic stenosis was successful in 26 cases,resulting in a success rate of 54.17%(26/48).Through statistical analysis of the successful group and the failed group,there was a significant difference in whether the distal biliary dilatation between the two groups,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 8.39,P = 0.004).In the 26 successfully treated cases,alanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate transaminase(AST),γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),and total bilirubin(TBiL)levels decreased significantly 48 hours after the procedure(P<0.05),and no serious complications occurred.Conclusion The use of a stone extractor balloon catheter significantly increases the success rate of crossing anastomotic stenosis in the treatment of anastomotic biliary stenosis after liver transplantation,especially in cases with distal dilatation of the common bile duct.This approach is safe and worth promoting.
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Objective To evaluate the application efficacy of SpyGlass endoscopic direct visualization system in management of complex biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 369 adult patients with biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation who received endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for the first time were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative conditions, intraoperative manifestations, treatment outcomes and complications of patients treated with SpyGlass system were analyzed. Results Fifty-six patients were treated with SpyGlass system. The main preoperative symptoms included abdominal discomfort in 38 cases, fever in 8 cases, jaundice in 6 cases and skin itching in 4 cases. Ultrasound examination in 18 patients indicated common bile duct stenosis and significant intrahepatic bile duct dilatation. Preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) of 56 patients revealed that 36 cases were diagnosed with common bile duct stenosis complicated with stones, 16 cases of common bile duct stenosis alone and 4 cases of suspected tumors. All patients had definite indications for SpyGlass system treatment. Among 56 patients treated with SpyGlass system, 34 cases were diagnosed with anastomotic stricture complicated with stones, 12 cases of anastomotic stricture alone, 1 case of biliary stone and 4 cases of tumors. Among 48 cases who were successfully treated, the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin at postoperative 48 h were all significantly lower than preoperative levels (all P<0.05). No severe complications occurred in 56 patients treated with SpyGlass system. Conclusions Use of SpyGlass system may significantly increase success rate and guarantee surgical safety in the treatment of complex biliary complications after liver transplantation, which is worthy of promotion and application.
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES@#Soy isoflavone (SIF) and soy lecithin (SL) have beneficial effects on many chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Regretfully, there is little evidence to show the combined effects of these soy extractives on the impairment of cognition and abnormal cerebral blood flow (CBF). This study examined the optimal combination dose of SIF + SL to provide evidence for improving CBF and protecting cerebrovascular endothelial cells.MATERIALS/METHODS: In vivo study, SIF50 + SL40, SIF50 + SL80 and SIF50 + SL160 groups were obtained. Morris water maze, laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), and hematoxylineosin staining were used to detect learning and memory impairment, CBF, and damage to the cerebrovascular tissue in rat. The 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were detected. The anti-oxidative damage index of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the serum of an animal model was also tested. In vitro study, an immortalized mouse brain endothelial cell line (bEND.3 cells) was used to confirm the cerebrovascular endothelial cell protection of SIF + SL. In this study, 50 μM of Gen were used, while the 25, 50, or 100 μM of SL for different incubation times were selected first. The intracellular levels of 8-OHdG, SOD, GSH, and GSSG were also detected in the cells. @*RESULTS@#In vivo study, SIF + SL could increase the target crossing times significantly and shorten the total swimming distance of rats. The CBF in the rats of the SIF50 + SL40 group and SIF50 + SL160 group was enhanced. Pathological changes, such as attenuation of the endothelium in cerebral vessels were much less in the SIF50 + SL40 group and SIF50 + SL160 group. The 8-OHdG was reduced in the SIF50 + SL40 group. The GSSG showed a significant decrease in all SIF + SL pretreatment groups, but the GSH showed an opposite result. SOD was upregulated by SIF + SL pretreatment. Different combinations of Genistein (Gen)+SL, the secondary proof of health benefits found in vivo study, showed they have effective antioxidation and less side reaction on protecting cerebrovascular endothelial cell. SIF50 + SL40 in rats experiment and Gen50 + SL25 in cell test were the optimum joint doses on alleviating cognitive impairment and regulating CBF through protecting cerebrovascular tissue by its antioxidant activity. @*CONCLUSIONS@#SIF+SL could significantly prevent cognitive defect induced by β-Amyloid through regulating CBF. This kind of effect might be attributed to its antioxidant activity on protecting cerebral vessels.
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【Objective】 To explore the influencing factors of adolescent runaway and its correlation with family health so as to provide epidemiological evidence for future comprehensive interventions. 【Methods】 Using the quota sampling method, 1 065 adolescents aged 12-18 years old were surveyed by Questionnaire Star in 120 cities in China from July to September 2021. A well-developed electronic questionnaire was used to collect information about demographic characteristics, psychological characteristics, family health, social support, and behavior of running away from home. Univariate analysis and Logistic regression were used to explore the influencing factors of adolescent runaway and its correlation with family health. 【Results】 A total of 1 065 adolescents were investigated, among whom 334 were the only children (31.36%) and 442 were boys (41.50%). Univariate analysis revealed that 7.6% of teenagers had the experience of running away from home in the last 30 days. Participants who were ethnic minorities (P=0.031) and had education of technical school or junior college (P=0.029) and a low family income (P<0.001) were more likely to have running away behavior. Adolescents with low self-efficacy (P=0.005), depression (P<0.001), anxiety (P<0.001), and more stress had higher detection rates of runaway behavior. However, adolescents with higher family health and social support were less likely to run away from home (P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that compared with adolescents with low family health, adolescents with high (OR=0.16, 95% CI: 0.06-0.46) and moderate (OR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.14-0.55) family health had a significantly lower risk of runaway behavior. 【Conclusion】 The family is of great significance in preventing teenagers from running away from home. Parents should build a good parent-child relationship and create a happy family atmosphere to reduce the occurrence of teenagers running away from home.
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【Objective】 To explore the effects of perceived risk of COVID-19 of college students on their anxiety and depression, as well as the roles of attention to negative information and perceived social support, so as to provide theoretical basis for colleges and universities to formulate corresponding intervention measures. 【Methods】 By the convenience sampling method, totally 1 404 college students from Shaanxi and Henan provinces were investigated online by using General Information Questionnaire, Perceived Risk of COVID-19 Pandemic Scale, Attention to Negative Information Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis, Pearson correlation method was used to explore the correlation between variables. The mediating effect of attention to negative information and the moderating effect of perceived social support were analyzed by PROCESS. 【Results】 The scores of anxiety and depression of the 1 404 college students included in the study were 4.03±4.48 and 6.21±5.41, respectively. The detection rate of anxiety symptom was 29.9%, and that of depression symptom was 44.4%. The risk perception of COVID-19 epidemic of the college students was positively correlated with attention to negative information (r=0.373, P<0.001), anxiety (r=0.227, P<0.001), and depression (r=0.226, P<0.001). Anxiety (r=0.553, P<0.001) and depression (r=0.497, P<0.001) were positively correlated with attention to negative information, while perceived social support was negatively correlated with the risk perception of the COVID-19 (r=-0.154, P<0.001), attention to negative information (r=-0.259, P<0.001), anxiety (r=-0.321, P<0.001) and depression (r=-0.278, P<0.001). The risk perception of COVID-19 affected the anxiety and depression of the students mainly through the mediating effect of attention to negative information. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and anxiety was 0.227, and the mediating effect accounted for 80.18% of the total effect. The total effect of risk perception of COVID-19 and depression was 0.228, and the mediating effect accounted for 90.35% of the total effect. Perceived social support played a moderating role in the last half of this mediating model. 【Conclusion】 Risk perception of COVID-19 indirectly affects the occurrence of anxiety and depression in college students through attention to negative information, and perceived social support plays a moderating role in this mediating model. The findings suggest that when a risk event occurs, colleges and universities should pay attention to guiding students to adjust their attentional bias to external information, and give students enough care and support to improve their mental health.
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【Objective】 To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of renal function deterioration in children with renal dysplasia and chronic kidney disease (CKD), so as to provide a basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and management. 【Methods】 The clinical data of children with renal dysplasia complicated with CKD treated in the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during 2012 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including the gender, age of diagnosis, growth index, concomitant malformation and complications. According to the diagnostic criteria and staging standard of KDIGO2020 guidelines, patients with disease deteriorated to CKD stage 4-5 were enrolled into the regression group. Factors affecting the deterioration of renal function were determined with Cox regression analysis. 【Results】 A total of 122 children were involved, including 66 (54.1%) with CKD stag 4-5. There were more boys than girls. Bilateral and unilateral renal dysplasia occurred in 88 (72.13%) and 34 (27.87%) cases, respectively, and 64 (52.46%) cases were complicated with other urinary diseases. There were significant differences in weight, height and body mass index (BMI) among patients with CKD stage 1-5 (P<0.01). The age of onset of CKD <10 years, BMI lower than the 3rd percentile of the same sex and age, bilateral renal dysplasia, and one or more complications of congenital renal and urinary tract abnormalities (CAKUT) were the risk factors of deterioration of renal function (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Renal dysplasia complicated with CKD are more common in boys, with high incidence of bilateral renal dysplasia. Bilateral renal dysplasia, age of onset of CKD <10 years, BMI lower than 3% and complications are important influencing factors of renal dysplasia in children with CKD.
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Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment response, and outcomes in patients with classical hairy cell leukemia (cHCL) and HCL variant (HCL-V). Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. Between January 2011 and December 2021, clinical data of 30 patients newly with diagnosed HCL at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. The main outcome measures include clinical characteristics, treatment efficacy and survival. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results: Twenty-one cases of cHCL and 9 cases of HCL-v were included. The median age at diagnosis was 55.5 (range, 30-86) years, with the ratio of male to female 2.75∶1. The main clinical manifestations included fatigue in 11 cases (36.7%), abdominal distension in 7 cases (23.3%), and infection in 4 cases, while 8 cases were asymptomatic. Splenomegaly was reported in 24 cases (80.0%), including 7 (23.3%) with megalosplenia. The white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, and the proportion of peripheral hairy cells in HCL-v group were significantly higher than those in cHCL group, whereas the development of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and monocytopenia in cHCL group was more remarkable than that in HCL-v group (all P<0.05). The BRAF-V600E gene mutation was detected only in cHCL patients (11/14 vs. 0/9, P<0.001). In terms of immunophenotype, the expression of CD25, CD103, CD123 and CD200 in cHCL group (20/20, 20/20, 4/7, 7/17) were all stronger than those in HCL-v group (3/9, 7/9, 0/4, 2/8). Twenty-two patients were treated, of which 13 cases (12 cases of cHCL and 1 case of HCL-v) with cladribine, and 9 cases (4 cHCL and 5 HCL-v) with interferon. Complete remission rate and overall response rate were comparable between cladribine and interferon treatment groups (both P<0.05). The median follow-up time was 31 (range, 1-125) months, and the median overall survival (OS) of the entire group was 125 months. The 5-year OS rate in HCL-v patients represented a trend of inferior (50.0% vs. 95.0%, P=0.207). Conclusions: The clinical features of HCL are unspecific, which includes fatigue, splenomegaly and recurrent infection. The clinical features, immunophenotype, treatment response and prognosis of HCL-v are different from those of cHCL. BRAF-V600E gene mutation is suggested as a key marker for differential diagnosis. Cladribine is recommended as front-line regimen of cHCL patients with satisfactory efficacy and prognosis. Conversely, response and clinical outcome in HCL-v patients still need to be improved.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Leucemia de Células Pilosas/tratamiento farmacológico , Cladribina/uso terapéutico , Esplenomegalia/tratamiento farmacológico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas B-raf/uso terapéutico , Pronóstico , Interferones/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the influence of light and heavy bite force on the mandibular movement trajectories, and the influence of bite force on virtual occlusal pre-adjustment of digital full crown. Methods: From October 2021 to March 2022, 10 postgraduate volunteers (3 males and 7 females, aged 22-26 years) were recruited from Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Maxillary and mandibular digital models of the participants were obtained by intraoral scanning. Jaw relations were digitally transferred under heavy bite force and mandibular movement trajectories under light and heavy bite force were recorded by jaw motion analyser. Three mandibular markers were chosen, namely the mesial proximal contact point of the central incisor (incisal point) and the mesial buccal cusp tips of the bilateral first molars. The three-dimensional displacements of the markers under two kinds of bite force in the intercuspal position (ICP), the sagittal projection of the three-dimensional displacements in the protrusive edge-to-edge position, and the coronal projection of the three-dimensional displacements in the lateral edge-to-edge position of upper and lower posterior teeth were measured. Single-sample t-test was used to compare the three-dimensional displacements and the corresponding sagittal projection and coronal projection with 0, respectively. The left maxillary central incisor and left mandibular first molar were virtually prepared by the reverse engineering software. Then dental design software was used to design digital full crown using the copy method. The mandibular movement trajectories under light and heavy bite force were separately used to guide virtual occlusal pre-adjustment. The three-dimensional deviations (mean deviations and root mean square) between the lingual surface of the left maxillary central incisor or the occlusal surface of the left mandibular first molar and that of the natural tooth before preparation were calculated (light bite force group and heavy bite force group), and the differences between the two groups were compared by the paired t-test. Results: Under the two kinds of bite force, the three-dimensional displacements of the markers in the ICP were (0.217±0.135), (0.210±0.133) and (0.237±0.101) mm, respectively; the sagittal projection of the three-dimensional displacements of the markers in the protrusive edge-to-edge position were (0.204±0.133), (0.288±0.148) and (0.292±0.136) mm, respectively; the coronal projection of the three-dimensional displacements of the mesial buccal cusp tips of the bilateral first molars in the lateral edge-to-edge position were (0.254±0.140) and (0.295±0.190) mm, respectively. The differences between the above displacements and 0 were statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of occlusal pre-adjustment showed that the mean deviations of the lingual surface of the left maxillary central incisor in the light and heavy bite force groups were (0.215±0.036) and (0.195±0.041) mm (t=3.95, P=0.004), respectively. The mean deviations of the occlusal surface of the left mandibular first molar were (0.144±0.084) and (0.100±0.096) mm (t=0.84, P=0.036), respectively. Conclusions: Both the light and heavy bite force have an influence on the mandibular movement trajectories. Virtual occlusal pre-adjustment of prostheses with mandibular movement trajectories under heavy bite force can obtain morphology of lingual or occlusal surfaces closer to the natural teeth before preparation.
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Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Fuerza de la Mordida , Diente , Mandíbula , Diente Molar , Ajuste OclusalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To improve the rat model of cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA) induced by injecting sclerosing agent. To evaluate the efficacy of injecting sclerosing agent to induce CSA.@*METHODS@#Forty Health SPF SD rats(20 males and 20 females), were randomly divided into two groups:the model group (20) and the blank group (20). All the animals were followed up for 4 weeks for the observation of general situation, transcranial Doppler(TCD) detection of blood flow velocity, pulsatility index and resistive index of the vertebral artery, measurement of mental distress by open-field test.@*RESULTS@#One to two days after establish the animal model, rats in the model group appeared apathetic with decreased autonomic activities, trembling, squinting, increased eye excrement, etc., and no rats died during the experiment. The mean blood flow velocity of the model group was lower than that of the blank group (P<0.05), and the pulsatilit index and resistive index of the model group were higher than that of the blank group (P<0.05). The mental distress of the model group was significantly higher than that of the blank group.@*CONCLUSION@#The modified injection of sclerosing agent is a practical method to establish the rat model of CSA, with high success rate, high stability, low mortality and simple operation.
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Masculino , Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Escleroterapia , Soluciones Esclerosantes/uso terapéutico , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Espondilosis/terapia , Columna Vertebral , Arteria VertebralRESUMEN
The continuous pandemic coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is a serious threat to human life and health because of high infectious pathogenicity, and it also has posed a new challenge to the current medical model. Many literatures have shown that these changes range from the more common ocular surface diseases such as inflammation of the cornea, conjunctiva, and sclera, to the relatively rare paracentral acute middle maculopathy and acute macular neuroretinopathy. For patients with ocular symptoms as the first or accompanying symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, how to identify the correlation between ocular manifestations and SARS-CoV-2 infection is undoubtedly a serious challenge for ophthalmologists. In this review, the ocular pathology caused by both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination was discussed, covering pathological changes in the ocular surface, uvea, retina and macula, and cranial nerves.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of acupuncture combined with infantile tuina on intestinal flora and its efficacy in children with tic disorders (TD), and to explore its mechanism.@*METHODS@#A total of 15 children with TD were recruited as an observation group and 10 healthy children as a healthy control group. Regulating spleen and stomach acupuncture combined with infantile tuina were received in the observation group. First, acupuncture was applied to Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Guanyuan (CV 4), Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36), etc., and then abdominal massage and other tuina techniques were applied, once a day, 6 times a week, 2 weeks as a course of treatment, a total of 2 courses of treatment were required. No intervention was given in the healthy control group. In the observation group, Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS) score and TCM syndrome score were compared before treatment and after 1 and 2 courses of treatment. 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to detect the intestinal flora in the healthy control group and before and after treatment in the observation group.@*RESULTS@#After 1 and 2 courses of treatment, the scores of YGTSS and TCM syndrome in the observation group were lower than those before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the number of operational taxonomic units (OTU) and indexes of Chao1, Sobs, Ace and Shannon were decreased in the observation group before treatment (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with before treatment, the number of OTU and indexes of Chao1, Sobs, Ace and Shannon were increased in the observation group after treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the relative abundance of Firmicutes in the observation group before treatment was decreased (P<0.001), while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides and Erysipelatoclostridium was increased (P<0.001, P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the observation group was decreased (P<0.001) after treatment, while the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium and Atopobium was increased (P<0.05, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture combined with infantile tuina based on the principle of regulating spleen and stomach could effectively improve TD symptoms in children, which may be related to regulating the diversity of intestinal flora, increasing beneficial bacteria, maintaining intestinal microecological balance, and playing a role in improving neurological disorders.
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Niño , Humanos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , ARN Ribosómico 16S , Terapia por Acupuntura , Bazo , Trastornos de TicRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy between herbal-moxa plaster and moxa-box moxibustion for diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) of spleen and kidney yang deficiency.@*METHODS@#Eighty patients with IBS-D of spleen and kidney yang deficiency were randomly divided into a herbal-moxa plaster group and a moxa-box moxibustion group, 40 cases in each group. The patients in the two groups were treated with conventional acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 24+), Zhongwan (CV 12) and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25), Yinlingquan (SP 9), and Taixi (KI 3), etc. In addition, the patients in the herbal-moxa plaster group were treated with herbal-moxa plaster (Wenyang Fuzheng ointment, composed of prepared monkshood, prepared evodia rutaecarpa, dried ginger, cinnamon, etc.) at Shenque (CV 8), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongwan (CV 12) and bilateral Tianshu (ST 25), Shenshu (BL 23) and Shangjuxu (ST 37); the patients in the moxa-box moxibustion group were treated with moxa-box moxibustion at the same acupoints as the herbal-moxa plaster group. The acupuncture-moxibustion treatment was provided once every other day for 4 weeks (14 treatments). Before and after treatment, the scores of clinical symptom of TCM, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS) and IBS quality of life scale (IBS-QOL) were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those before treatment, each item scores and total scores of clinical symptom of TCM, and IBS-SSS scores in the two groups were reduced after treatment (P<0.05). The abdominal bloating score, stool frequency score and total score of clinical symptom of TCM as well as IBS-SSS score in the herbal-moxa plaster group were lower than those in the moxa-box moxibustion group (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the IBS-QOL scores in the two groups were increased after treatment (P<0.05), and the IBS-QOL score in the herbal-moxa plaster group was higher than that in the moxa-box moxibustion group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 92.5% (37/40) in the herbal-moxa plaster group, which was higher than 85.0% (34/40) in the moxa-box moxibustion group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of conventional acupuncture treatment, herbal-moxa plaster could effectively improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life in IBS-D patients of spleen and kidney yang deficiency, and its efficacy is superior to that of moxa-box moxibustion.
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Humanos , Bazo , Síndrome del Colon Irritable/tratamiento farmacológico , Calidad de Vida , Deficiencia Yang/tratamiento farmacológico , Riñón , DiarreaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of the Xingnao Kaiqiao (regaining consciousness and opening orifices) acupuncture on hemorrhagic transformation and limb motor function after intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in stroke patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 130 stroke patients after rt-PA thrombolytic were divided into an acupuncture group (58 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a non-acupuncture group (72 cases, 7 cases dropped off) according to whether they received acupuncture treatment. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match each group, with 38 patients in each group. The patients in the non-acupuncture group received rt-PA thrombolytic therapy and western medical basic treatment. In addition to the basic treatment, the patients in the acupuncture group received Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture at Shuigou (GV 26), bilateral Neiguan (PC 6), and ipsilateral Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Chize (LU 5), once a day for 14 days. The incidence of hemorrhagic transformation within 30 days after onset was compared between the two groups. The Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) score and activities of daily living (ADL) score were observed at baseline and 30 days, 6 months, 1 year after onset in the two groups. The disability rate at 6 months and 1 year after onset was recorded, and safety was evaluated in both groups.@*RESULTS@#The incidence of hemorrhagic transformation in the acupuncture group was 5.3% (2/38), which was lower than 21.1% (8/38) in the non-acupuncture group (P<0.05). At 30 days, 6 month, and 1 year after onset, the FMA and ADL scores of both groups were higher than those at baseline (P<0.01), and the scores in the acupuncture group were higher than those in the non-acupuncture group (P<0.01). The disability rate in the acupuncture group at 1 year after onset was 10.5% (4/38), which was lower than 28.9% (11/38) in the non-acupuncture group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture method could reduce the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation in stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis with rt-PA, improve their motor function and daily living ability, and reduce the long-term disability rate.
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Humanos , Activador de Tejido Plasminógeno/efectos adversos , Actividades Cotidianas , Estudios Prospectivos , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Terapia por Acupuntura , Terapia Trombolítica/efectos adversosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of baicalin on the growth of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) cells and its related mechanism.@*METHODS@#Normal NK cells and human ENKTCL cells lines SNK-6 and YTS were cultured, then SNK-6 and YTS cells were treated with 5, 10, 20 μmol/L baicalin and set control. Cell proliferation and apoptosis was detected by Edu method and FCM method, respectively, and expressions of BCL-2, Bax, FOXO3 and CCL22 proteins were detected by Western blot. Interference plasmids were designed and synthesized. FOXO3 siRNA interference plasmids and CCL22 pcDNA overexpression plasmids were transfected with PEI transfection reagent. Furthermore, animal models were established for validation.@*RESULTS@#In control group and 5, 10, 20 μmol/L baicalin group, the proliferation rate of SNK-6 cells was (56.17±2.96)%, (51.92±4.63)%, (36.42±1.58)%, and (14.60±2.81)%, respectively, while that of YTS cells was (58.85±2.98)%, (51.38±1.32)%, (34.75±1.09)%, and (15.45±1.10)%, respectively. In control group and 5, 10, 20 μmol/L baicalin group, the apoptosis rate of SNK-6 cells was (5.93±0.74)%, (11.78±0.34)%, (28.46±0.44)%, and (32.40±0.37)%, respectively, while that of YTS cells was (7.93±0.69)%, (16.29±1.35)%, (33.91±1.56)%, and (36.27±1.06)%, respectively. Compared with control group, the expression of BCL-2 protein both in SNK-6 and YTS cells decreased significantly (P<0.001), and the expression of Bax protein increased in SNK-6 cells only when the concentration of baicalin was 20 μmol/L (P<0.001), while that in YTS cells increased in all three concentrations(5, 10, 20 μmol/L) of baicalin (P<0.001). The expression of FOXO3 protein decreased while CCL22 protein increased in ENKTCL cell lines compared with human NK cells (P<0.001), but the expression of FOXO3 protein increased (P<0.01) and CCL22 protein decreased after baicalin treatment (P<0.001). Animal experiments showed that baicalin treatment could inhibit tumor growth. The expression of CCL22 protein in ENKTCL tissue of nude mice treated with baicalin decreased compared with control group (P<0.01), while the FOXO3 protein increased (P<0.05). In addition, FOXO3 silencing resulted in the decrease of FOXO3 protein expression and increase of CCL22 protein expression (P<0.01, P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#Baicalin can inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of ENKTCL cell lines SNK-6 and YTS, up-regulate the expression of Bax protein, down-regulate the expression of BCL-2 protein, and down-regulate the expression of CCL22 protein mediated by FOXO3. Animal experiment shown that the baicalin can inhibit tumor growth. Baicalin can inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of ENKTCL cells through FOXO3/CCL22 signaling pathway.