Identification of Murrayae Folium et Cacumen by Multiplex Allele-Specific PCR / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo establish a polymerase chain reaction（PCR） method to accurately discriminate the crude materials of Murrayae Folium et Cacumen， Murraya exotica and M. paniculata. MethodBased on the difference in chloroplast genome sequences of M. exotica and M. paniculata， species-specific identification primers P03 and P04 of M. exotica and M. paniculata were designed according to single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） on the chloroplast genome. A multiplex allele-specific PCR identification method was established for the identification of M. exotica and M. paniculata following the optimization of annealing temperature， number of cycles， and primer concentration ratio. The established PCR method for identification was explored and verified in terms of tolerance and feasibility by investigating the type of Taq polymerases and PCR system model. ResultIn this multiplex allele-specific PCR identification method， about 330 and 230 bp of specific fragments were amplified from DNA templates of M. exotica and M. paniculata， respectively， under the following conditions：cycle number of 31， annealing temperature of 60 ℃， and primer concentration ratio of P03 and P04 of 1∶2. Consistent results were obtained for samples from different sources. ConclusionThe multiplex allele-specific PCR identification method established in this study can accurately identify the origin of Murrayae Folium et Cacumen， which can be used for the simultaneous identification of M. exotica and M. paniculata by the length of fragments in a single identification assay.

Treatment of posttraumatic tibiotalar and talocalcaneal arthritis with tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis plus retrograde intramedullary nail / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome of tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis plus retrograde intramedullary nail in treatment of severe posttraumatic tibiotalar and talocalcaneal arthritis.Methods A total of 17 cases of severe posttraumatic tibiotalar and subtalar arthritis were treated with tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis plus retrograde intramedullary nail between June 2003 and June 2006.Patients were evaluated by a standardized follow-up examination using ankle-hindfoot scale of the American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society(OFAS)score. Results Of all,14 cases were followed up postoperatively,with a mean follow-up period of 14.6 months(6-23 months).Bony fusion was achieved in 12 cases (86%)after an average of 11.6 weeks(8-19 weeks)but a delayed union in 2 after 17-19 weeks.Two cases(12%)complained heel pain at the nail entry point at initial stage of operation.The average anklehindfoot score improved from 47 points(43-55 points)preoperatively to 75 points(69-86 points)postoperatively. Conclusion Tibiotalocalcancal arthrodesis plus retrograde intramedullary nailing is proved to be effective in treating severe posttraumatic tibiotalar and talocalcaneal arthritis by marked relief from pain and improvement of life quality.