SGK1 as a therapeutic target for central nervous system diseases / 生理学报

Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) plays an important role in the physiological processes of hormone release, neuronal excitation and cell proliferation. SGK1 also participates in the pathophysiological processes of inflammation and apoptosis in the central nervous system (CNS). Increasing evidence demonstrates that SGK1 may serve as a target of the intervention of neurodegenerative diseases. In this article, we summarize the recent progress on the role and molecular mechanisms of SGK1 in the regulation of the function of the CNS. We also discuss the potential of newly discovered SGK1 inhibitors in the treatment of CNS diseases.

The value of peripheral blood and pleural effusion T-SPOT.TB combined with pleural effusion adenosine deaminase in diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between peripheral blood and pleural effusion tuberculosis (TB) infection effector T cells, and to further evaluate the value of combined pleural effusion adenosine deaminase (ADA) for rapid diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. Methods The test data of 80 cases of tuberculous pleurisy and 70 cases of nontuberculous pleurisy treated in the Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong City from January 2017 to December 2020 were analyzed. The TBinfected effector T cells were also detected simultaneously in the peripheral blood and the pleural effusion by the T-SPOT technique, and the pleural effusion ADA was detected by the rate method. The subject operating characteristic curve (ROC) was applied to take the optimal pleural effusion ADA threshold to compare the sensitivity and specificity of different critical values. Person phase analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between peripheral blood and pleural effusion T-SPOT.TB. Data of peripheral blood, pleural effusion T-SPOT.TB and ADA were integrated. Results When pleural effusion ADA>45 U/L, the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy were 50.0% and 94.3%, respectively; when ADA > 25.15 U/ L, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.0% and 72.9%. When ADA > 45 U / L, pleural/ blood T-SPOT.TB spot ratio (spot forming cells, SFCs) > 2 times, the specificity for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy was 100% (highest); when 25.15 U/L< pleural effusion ADA ≤ 45 U/L, pleural/blood T-SPOT.TB spot ratio > 2 times, the specificity for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy was 92.3% (second). When pleural effusion ADA ≤ 25.15 U/L, and the pleural effusion/blood T-SPOT.TB spot number ratio > 2 times, with 83.3% specificity (the lowest of the three groups). Conclusions The level of pleural effusion ADA is one of the most used methods for diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy. Further combination of pleural effusion and blood T-SPOT.TB, if the ratio of pleural effusion / blood T-SPOT. TB spots is greater than 2 times, it can further improve the diagnosis rate of tuberculous pleurisy.

HbA 1C variability increases the risk of decline in glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To evaluate the association of HbA 1C level and variability with annual decline in glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods:A total of 527 elderly type 2 diabetic patients with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)≥60 mL·min -1·(1.73 m 2) -1 at the diabetes center of a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu province were included and followed up. The mean value and the variability of HbA 1C, including standard deviation(HbA 1C-SD), variation coefficient(HbA 1C-CV), and adjusted standard deviation(Adj-HbA 1C-SD) were calculated. According to the annual decreased rate of eGFR, the patients were divided into △eGFR>5% group and △eGFR≤5% group. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between HbA 1C variability and the risk of decreased glomerular filtration rate. Results:With a mean follow-up time of 19 months, there were 176 patients whose △eGFR>5%. Compared with △eGFR≤5% group, the HbA 1C-mean and HbA 1C variability were significantly higher in △eGFR>5% group( P<0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that HbA 1C-mean, HbA 1C-SD, HbA 1C-CV, and Adj-HbA 1C-SD were significantly correlated with decreased glomerular filtration rate. After adjustment for age, gender, HbA 1C-mean, and other factors, only Adj-HbA 1C-SD was correlated with renal insufficiency [ HR=3.32(1.68-6.57)]. Conclusions:HbA 1C variability is independently associated with annual decline in glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The Adj-HbA 1C-SD is the most sensitive indicator in predicting decreased glomerular filtration rate.

Effects of perimenopausal one-day outpatient multidisciplinary model on the cognition of women to menopause hormone therapy / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evalu ate the effects of perimenopausal one-day outpatient multidisciplinary model on the cognition of women to menopause hormone therapy （MHT）. METHODS The perimenopausal one-day outpatient service opened by the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in 2017 was introduced ，which was participated by doctors ，pharmacists， nutritionists，music psychotherapists ，nurses and other multidisciplinary members to provide systematic ，all-round，humanistic and face-to-face group science popularization and education ，practical experience and Q&A for women in perimenopause or about to enter perimenopause （called“students”）. The students who participated in one-day outpatient service in 2020 were selected as the survey object ， and the questionnaire was CMEI2020KPYJ（ZAMM）00206] designed to analyze the understanding of perimenopausal syndrome，awareness rate of MHT ，willingness to use and concerns. RESULTS A total of 295 students completed the questionnaire. Compared with before participation ， after participated in one-day outpatient service ，the cognition level of the students were all improved significantly ，including perimenopausal age （96.61％ vs. 99.32％，P＝0.037），the importance of perimenopausal health care knowledge （91.19％ vs. 96.95％，P＜0.001），whether the perimenopausal syndrome needs treatment （88.47％ vs. 99.32％，P＜0.001），willingness to use MHT （70.59％ vs. 94.48％ ，P＜0.001），MHT treatment timing （60.50％ vs. 95.17％ ，P＜0.001），reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease （51.68％ vs. 96.55％ ，P＜0.001），delaying aging （69.75％ vs. 97.59％ ，P＜0.001），preventing osteoporosis（65.13％ vs. 97.59％），P＜0.001）；the medical staff were higher than the non-medical staff （P＜0.05）. Totally 90％ of the students said they had gained knowledge about the prevention and treatment of common diseases ，nutrition and guidance， psychological regulation guidance hormone therapy related knowledges and exercise methods ；the proportion of the students who were willing to use MHT for 1 to 5 years（31.09％ vs. 47.93％）increased significantly. The proportion of the students who concerned about the risk of thrombosis （60.24％ vs. 36.81％），weight gain （59.64％ vs. 14.84％）and life-long dependence （52.41％ vs. 18.13％）was significantly reduced ，but that of the students who concerned about cancer risk was not diminished. From 2017 to 2020，the utilization rate of MHT was increased from 2.22％ to 62.16％ in non-medical staff among the students. CONCLUSIONS The multidisciplinary model of perimenopausal one-day outpatient service can improve the awareness of MHT among perimenopausal women ，eliminate misunderstandings ，and increase the utilization rate of MHT.

Multimorbidity in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome: insights from BleeMACS registry / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To assess the prevalence, pattern and outcome of multimorbidity in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: Secondary analysis was performed based on the data from the BleeMACS registry, which was conducted between 2003 and 2014. We stratified elderly patients (≥65 years) according to their multimorbidity. Multimorbidity was defined as two or more chronic diseases in the same individual. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate 1 year event rates for each endpoint, and comparisons between the study groups were performed using the log-rank test. The primary endpoint was net adverse clinical events (NACE), which is a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, or bleeding. Results: Of 7 120 evaluable patients, 6 391 (89.8%) were with morbidity (1 594 with 1, 2 156 with 2, and 2 641 with ≥3 morbidity). Patients with morbidity were older, percent of female sex and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes and implantation rate with drug-eluting stents and blood creatine level were higher compared to patients without morbidity. Compared with the patients without morbidity, the proportion of participants with oral anticoagulant increased in proportion to increased number of morbidities (5.8% vs. 6.4% with 1 morbidity, 7.3% with 2 morbidities, 9.0% with ≥3 morbidities, P trend<0.01) and the proportion of participants with clopidogrel prescription decreased in proportion to increased number of morbidity (91.9% vs. 89.7% with 1 morbidity, 87.9% with 2 morbidities, 88.6% with ≥3 morbidities, P trend = 0.01). During 1 year follow-up, compared with those with no morbidity, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of risk of NACE for those with 1, 2, and ≥ 3 morbidities was 1.18 (0.86-1.64), 1.49 (1.10-2.02), and 2.74 (2.06-3.66), respectively (P < 0.01). Multimorbidity was not associated with an increased risk of bleeding of various organs (P>0.05). Conclusion: Multimorbidity is common in elderly patients with ACS. These patients might benefit from coordinated and integrated multimorbidity management by multidisciplinary teams.

Progress in application of music-based intervention strategy in perinatal medicine / 中华围产医学杂志

As a non-drug supplementary therapy, music intervention has achieved remarkable clinical effects in many fields including neurological rehabilitation, mental disorders, special children, geriatrics, cancer treatment, and mental health promotion. In recent years, it has also been gradually applied to perinatal women and achieved certain results. Studies have confirmed that music intervention can provide effective psychological and physiological support for perinatal women, including improving mental health, sleep quality, childbirth experience, natural childbirth, breastfeeding and the quality of high-risk pregnancy management. In addition, music intervention has a good effect on promoting fetal neural development and improving the life quality of preterm infants. However, the standardized process and evaluation criteria of music-based intervention strategy in perinatal medicine still need to be established and further improved.

Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on the long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: This is a single-center, prospective cohort study. Between June 2015 to January 2020, consecutive ACS patients hospitalized at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University were enrolled. All patients underwent portable sleep breathing monitoring, and they were then divided into moderate/severe OSA group (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)≥15 events/hour) and no/mild OSA group (AHI<15 events/hour). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, ischemia-driven revascularization and hospital admission for unstable angina or heart failure. MACCE were compared yearly by the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the independent predictors of MACCE. Results: A total of 1 927 patients with ACS were enrolled, including 1 629 males (84.5%), aged (56.4±10.5) years. Moderate/severe OSA was present in 1 014 (52.6%) patients. Compared with no/mild OSA group, moderate/severe OSA group exhibited a higher body mass index (P<0.05). Hypertension, prior PCI were more prevalent in moderate/severe OSA group (both P<0.05). The difference of ACS category between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.021). The rate of patients who underwent PCI and the number of stents were higher in the moderate/severe OSA group. During a 5-year follow-up (median 2.9 years (IQR 1.5-3.6 years)), the cumulative incidence of MACCE was significantly higher in the moderate/severe OSA group than in the no/mild OSA group (34.0% vs. 24.0%, HR=1.346, 95%CI 1.100-1.646, log-rank P=0.004). The cumulative incidence of MACCE remained statistically higher at 4 and 5 year in the moderate/severe OSA group as compared to the no/mild OSA group (33.3% vs. 22.9%, HR=1.397, 95%CI 1.141-1.710, log-rank P=0.001; 34.0% vs. 24.0%, HR=1.341, 95%CI 1.096-1.640, log-rank P=0.004, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that moderate/severe OSA (HR=1.312, 95%CI 1.054-1.631, P=0.015) was an independent predictor of long-term MACCE in ACS patients. Conclusions: Moderate/severe OSA is observed in more than 52% ACS patients. Moderate/severe OSA is an independent predictor of long-term MACCE.

Construction and practice of music quality education course group in medical colleges from the perspective of humanistic education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the perspective of medical humanities, the function of music quality education is discussed from four aspects: enhancing aesthetic accomplishment, improving comprehensive quality, shaping good spiritual character and promoting mental health. Combing and perfecting the teaching contents, teaching modes, teaching methods and assessment schemes of music quality education course group in medical colleges and universities, could gain recognition from higher education experts, medical education experts, higher music education peers, medical undergraduates and medical postgraduates, which provides reference for the theory and practice of music quality education in medical colleges and universities.

Diagnostic value of water swallow test and simple two-step swallowing provocation test for aspiration in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) / 中国实用内科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of water swallow test(WST)and simple two-step swallowing provocation test(SSPT)in the diagnosis of aspiration in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS:87 hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University during the period between December 2014 to December 2015. RESULTS: The number of patients of grade1,2,3,4 and 5 of water swallow test successively were 44,39,4,0 and 0. Patients with positive aspiration by the first-step(water injection of 0.4 mL)and the second-step(water injection of 2.0 m L)were 16 and 0. Patients with positive aspiration by radionuclide imaging was 35. Comparison of radionuclide imaging, the rate of missed diagnosis applying water swallow test was high 37.3%(31/83). Both the water swallow test and simple two-step swallowing provocation test have poor consistency with radionuclide imaging in the diagnosis of aspiration in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(McNemar consistency test P=0.00).CONCLUSION: There is a high rate of missed diagnosis applying water swallow test and simple two-step swallowing provocation test to diagnosis aspiration in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD),and combined use of multiple assessment methods can reduce the missed diagnosis rate of aspiration.

Alteration of heat shock protein 20 expression in preeclamptic patients and its effect in vascular and coagulation function / 医学前沿

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific, multi-system disorder and the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in obstetrics worldwide. Excessive vasoconstriction and dysregulated coagulation function are closely associated with PE. Heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) is ubiquitously expressed under normal physiological conditions and has important roles in vascular dilatation and suppression of platelet aggregation. However, the role of HSP20 in the pathogenesis of PE remains unclear. In this study, we collected chorionic plate resistance arteries (CPAs) and serum from 118 healthy pregnant women and 80 women with PE and detected the levels of HSP20 and its phosphorylated form. Both HSP20 and phosphorylated HSP20 were downregulated in CPAs from women with PE. Comparison of the vasodilative ability of CPAs from the two groups showed impaired relaxation responses to acetyl choline in preeclamptic vessels. In addition to the reduced HSP20 in serum from women with PE, the platelet distribution width and mean platelet volume were also decreased, and the activated partial thromboplastin time and thromboplastin time were elevated.With regard to the vital roles of HSP20 in mediating vasorelaxation and coagulation function, the decreased HSP20 might contribute to the pathogenesis of PE.

The relationship between music preferences and positive emotion, subjective well-being and life satisfaction in medical college students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between medical college students' music preference and positive emotion,subjective well-being as well as life satisfaction.Methods A self-designed music preference questionnaire,the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS),Index of Well-being (IWB)and Life Satisfaction Scales Applicable to College Students (CSLSS) were used to test 571 college students and SPSS 20.0 was adopted to establish the database of all the data for statistical description,t test and Analysis of Variance.Results ① the positive emotion scores of medical college students who are fond of lively music and calm music (average scores are 29.91 and 29.14 respectively) are significantly higher than those of students who like sorrow music (average score is 27.31);the positive emotion score for the students who are active in music activities is obviously higher than that of the students who are passive to accept music.② the index of subject well-being for medical college students who are fond of lively music and calm music (average scores are 10.46 and 10.40 respectively) is significantly higher than that for the students who like sorrow music (average score is 9.60).③ in terms of the attitude towards the music participation,the scores in objective life satisfaction (P＜0.05),subjective life satisfaction (P＜0.01) and general life satisfaction (P＜0.01) for medical college students who participate in music activity with others are significantly higher than those for students involved in music activity alone.Conclusion Medical college students' positive emotions,subjective well-being as well as life satisfaction and music preferences are closely related.In the process of psychological health education,attaching great importance to the cultivation and guidance of medical students music preferences will play a positive role in the psychological health for medical college students.

Effects of Zishen Yutai Pills on endocrine in DOR rats / 中成药

AIM To study the effects of Zishen Yutai Pills (Codonopsis Radix,Dipsaci Radix,Morindae officinalis Radix,etc.) on endocrine in diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) rats.METHODS Female SD rats with normal oestrous cycle were induced by intragastric administration of 55 mg/(kg · d) tripterygium glycosides for fourteen days to establish DOR model,and then divided into Zishen Yutai Pills high-,low-dose groups,Bujiale group,model control group and negative control group.After 35 days' administration,serum estradiol (E2),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone (P) levels were detected by ELISA.And ovarian tissue estrogen receptor (ER),follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) expressions were detected by immunohistochemical method.RESULTS Compared with the negative control group,there were significant changes in levels of E2,FSH,LH,P,and expressions of ER,FSHR,LHR in the model control group (P ＜ 0.05),but there were no statistical significances in body weight,ovary index,uterus index and serum FSH/LH level between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the model control group,E2 level was increased in the Zishen Yutai Pills high-,low-dose groups and Bujiale group,FSH,LH levels were decreased,and they also promoted ER expression and restrained FSHR,LHR excessive expressions,which were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).P level was significangly increased in different dose groups (P ＜ 0.05),FSH/LH in the high-dose group was obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.05),and body weight,ovary index,uterus index in various intervening groups showed no statistical significances (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION Zishen Yutai Pills can improve ovarian reserve function in DOR rats by affecting the expression of ovarian tissue hormone receptor and regulating endocrine function.

Evaluation of the effect of music given to pregnant rats on the development of brain functions in offspring rats / 中国实验动物学报

Objectives To systematically evaluate the effect of music given to pregnant rats on the development of brain functions in the offspring rats and to provide scientific evidence for the application of antenatal musical training and the promotion of welfare for laboratory animals.Methods We comprehensively retrieved and collected the research literatures related to the effect of music on brain function development in offsprings of the pregnant rats from Pubmed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Wanfang,Weipu,CNKI and CBMdisc.The retrieval time was set from the foundation date of databases to 2 April,2016.We selected literatures according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,evaluated their utilities,then extracted and qualitatively described the data.Results Seven experimental studies were selected in this study including 4 published in Chinese and 3 in English.The object laboratory animals of those studies were Wistar or SD rats.Music materials involved comfort music,classic music,violin concerto(Liangzhu/The butterfly lovers).Intervention were given to the pregnant rats roundly from the gestation until parturition.These results showed that,to some extent,music stimulations during gestation may promote the development of brain function and improve spatial memory of the offspring rats.However,expressions of some functional receptors were not significantly altered.Conclusions Appropriate music provided to the pregnant rats promote the development of brain functions in their offspring.

Constructing CXCR4 lentiviral vector and transfecting breast cancer cells / 实用医学杂志

Objective To construct lentivirus containing CXCR4 gene and transfect MCF-7 cells , and obtain CXCR4 high-expressing MCF-7 cells. Methods CXCR4 gene was amplified by RT-PCR to construct CXCR4/pSin-EF2, which was transfected into HEK293T cells with psPAX2 and pMD2G vector for lentivirus packing. Packaged lentivirus was used to transfect human breast cancer cells MCF-7, with empty lentivirus as control. CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot before and after transfection. And flow cytometry was used to detecte cell surface CXCR4 expression. Results The recombinant plasmid CXCR4/pSin-EF2 was constructed successfully,identified by double digestion and sequencing, and transfected into HEK293T cells to obtain high-titer lentivirus. RT-PCR and Western blot confirmed that the expression of CXCR4 in MCF-7 cells increased significantly after CXCR4 lentivirus transfection. Flow cytometry results showed that the CXCR4 positive rate increased from 26.78% to 99.29%, while there is no significant difference in CXCR4 expression between vector-transfected MCF-7 cells and non-transfected MCF-7 cells. Conclusion CXCR4 lentivirus and the breast cancer cell line with high and stable expression of CXCR4 (MCF-7CXCR4) were successfully constructed.

Exploration of experiential teaching mode in the teaching of music therapeutics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

On the basis of educational psychology fundamentals and characteristics, this study constructed the experiential teaching of music therapy. The preparations made before class include the construction of experiential teaching system, improvement of multimedia resources, and the establish-ment of music therapeutic room. Music therapy activities were taken as the main body and problem-based learning as the leading factor, clinical observation as the basis, and social practice as the com-plement, etc. This study provides basis and reference for the theoretical teaching and clinical practice of music therapy in medical colleges and universities.

Research on the relationships between music preferences and mental health in medical students / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between music preferences and mental health in medical students and to propose countermeasures.Methods Music Preferences Questionnaire and Chinese college students mental health scale(CCSMHS) were used to test 538 randomly selected medical students and the data was analyzed by descriptive statistics,T test and variance analysis with SPSS 20.0 and the inspection level was α=0.05.Results ①Statistically significant (P＜0.05) differences were found on somatization,anxiety,depression,inferiority,paranoid,force,social withdrawal,reliance,impulse and psychotic tendencies in medical students with different preference of music style; ②Statistically significant (P＜0.05) differences were found on anxiety and inferiority in medical students with different preference of music type; ③Statistically significant (P＜0.05) differences were found on anxiety,depression,paranoid,force,social withdrawal and reliance in medical students with different participating ways of music; ④Statistically significant (P＜0.05) differences were found on somatization,anxiety,inferiority and paranoid in medical students with different attitude about participating music activities; ⑤Medical students with different preferences of music activities preferences did not have significant difference on factor of mental health(P＞0.05).Conclusion The relationship between medical students' mental health and music preferences is very close.By training and guiding music preferences of medical students in mental health education,we can improve their mental health effectively.

Qilin pills combined with bromocriptine for idiopathic hyperprolactinemic oligoasthenozoospermia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect of Qilin Pills combined with bromocriptine on idiopathic hyperprolactinemic (HPRL) oligoasthenospermia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted a randomized controlled study on 40 cases of idiopathic HPRL oligoasthenospermia, who were equally assigned to a trial group and a control group to be treated with Qilin Pills (6 g tid) combined with bromocriptine and bromocriptine alone, respectively, both for a course of 12 weeks. Then we observed the changes in the semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility and the levels of serum prolactin and testosterone, and compared the therapeutic results between the two groups before and after medication.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the parameters before medication, both the trial and the control group showed significant improvement after treatment in sperm concentration ([11.60 +/- 3.90] x 10(6)/ml vs [28.10 +/- 13.50] x 10(6)/ml and [12.03 +/- 4.10] x 10(6)/ml vs [18.85 +/- 8.50] x 10(6)/ml), the percentage of grade a sperm ([8.75 +/- 6.65]% vs [24.35 +/- 13.25 ]% and [8.70 +/- 6.70] % vs [19.65 +/- 10.05]%), the percentage of grade a + b sperm ( [28.45 +/- 11.35]% vs [45.80 +/- 16.55]% and [27.65 +/- 10.65]% vs [35.66 +/-13.25]%), and sperm motility ([38.22 +/- 16.35]% vs [60.05 +/- 20.65]% and [37.25 +/- 15.75 ]% vs [52.65 +/- 18.25 ]%) (all P<0.01). No significant differences were found in semen volume (P>0.05). The serum prolactin levels were significantly decreased in the trial and control groups ([152.00 +/- 22.32] and [160.45 +/- 26.65] mIU/L), as compared with premedication ([482.25 +/- 65.32] and [477.32 +/- 60.25] mIU/L) (P<0.01), while the serum testosterone levels were remarkably higher ([16.35 +/- 5.52] and [11.15 +/- 4.65] nmol/L) than before treatment ([3.75 +/- 1.10] and [4.05 +/- 1.30] nmol/L) (P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the serum prolactin and testosterone levels between the two groups after treatment (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Qilin Pills combined with bromocriptine have a significantly better efficacy than bromocriptine alone in the treatment of idiopathic HPRL oligoasthenospermia.</p>

Gemcitabine vs.5-FU with radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic carcinomas / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,adverse events of gemcitabine vs.5-FU with radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic carcinomas.Methods Between January 2007 and January 2011,a total of 56 patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinomas was included and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received 3-DCRT radiotherapy with individual dose of 1.8 ～ 2 Gy,5 times per week,and total dose of 45 ～ 50.4 Gy for 25 ～ 28 fractions,and received concurrent chemotherapy (5-FU or gemcitabine).The patients (n =30) in gemcitabine group were treated with gemcitabine (500 rng/m2 at the 1st,8th,15th,22nd day,at 10 mg · (m2)-1 · min-1,through micro-pump) during radiotherapy; 3 weeks after radiotherapy the patients received gemcitabine infusion at a dose of 800 mg · (m2)-1 · d-1,one time per week,for 3 or 4 cycles.The patients (n =26) in 5-FU group were treated with 5-FU (500 mg/m2 at the 1 ～ 5th day per week,IV),the cycle was repeated every 2 weeks during radiotherapy; 3 weeks later the patients received 5-FU infusion at a dose of 800 mg · (m2)-1 · d-1,the 1st ～5th day per week,the cycle was repeated every 2 weeks ; with a total of 3 or 4 cycles.The efficacy and adverse events were observed,and the patients were followed until June 2013,and the median survival,1 year and 2 year survival was calculated.Results Of the 56 patients,the overall response (CR + PR) rate was 73.2％,and it was 65.3％ in radiotherapy with 5-FU group,80.0％ in radiotherapy with gemcitabine group (P ＜ 0.05).The overall one and two year survival rate was 48.2％ and 14.3％,while median survival was 15.2 months,and the corresponding values were 42.3％,11.5％,13.3 months in radiotherapy with 5-FU group,and 53.3％,16.7％,16.6 months in radiotherapy with gemcitabine group,and the survival difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P =0.071).At the end of treatment,the pain-relief rate (VAS score ＜4) of the 56 patients was 83.3％,it was 75.0％ in 5-FU group and 90.0％ in gemcitabine group.In radiotherapy with gemcitabine group,the incidence of 3～ 4 grade myelosuppression was significantly higher than that in radiotherapy with 5-FU group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (20.0％ vs 7.6％,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions For the locally advanced pancreatic carcinomas,radiotherapy with gemcitabine can improve pain-relief and prolong survival compared with radiotherapy with 5-FU,but the incidence of adverse event of myelosuppression is higher.

Advances in identification of semen stains / 中华男科学杂志

Stain identification has long been a task in forensic biology. The identification of semen stain, one of the most common human stains, can provide crucial information for crime scene reconstruction and forensic investigation. Traditional detection of semen stain depends largely on the microscopic identification of spermatozoa, enzyme activity-based methods or antigen-antibody reactions. These morphological, proteinological and zymological approaches, however, are apparently inadequate in identifying tiny, admixed, degraded or contaminated samples. With the development of transcriptomics and epigenetics, many semen-specific mRNA markers, such as protamine-1 (PRM1) and -2 (PRM2), have been applied to semen and semen stain identification. Messenger RNA profiling shows great promise in identifying tissues as demonstrated by the recognition of specific markers. Further more, studies on tis-sue-specific differential DNA methylation will provide a scrumptious way of identifying difficult samples.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Docking a Novel Hirudin-likeAnti-coagulant Protein to Thrombin / 生物化学与生物物理进展

Hirudin is one of the most potent anti-coagulant protein ever found, and its C-terminus is a key domain for inhibiting thrombin.In order to enhance its specificity,a novel anti-coagulant protein was constructed via fusing the C-terminus of hirudin to Annexin V, which was expected to sustain both anti coagulant activity and phorspholipid affinity. The structure of the designed protein was predicted with both molecular mechanics and dynamics. Molecular dynamics was adopted to simulate the docking interaction between the fusion protein and thrombin. The results showed the inhibitory activity of the fusion protein to thrombin.